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Topic: Raymond Lindeman

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Lindeman believed that the understanding of ecological succession in lakes over long periods of timechose for study the trophic (nutritional) relations of all the inhabitants of a shallow, weedy body of water lying in the transition between late lake succession and early terrestrial succession.
		Lindeman was assisted throughout much of the fieldwork and writing of his thesis by his wife, Eleanor, whom he married in 1938 (8).
		Lindeman was very distressed and wrote that he had great respect for the view- point of the referees but felt that they were intolerant of opinions other than their own.
	biology.swau.edu /faculty/nclass/classes/doc2b.doc (5462 words)

	Kline Sciences Library - Cycle of Life Exhibit
		Raymond Laurel Lindeman, Ecological Dynamics in a Senescent Lake (Ph.D. Thesis, University of Minnesota, 1941).
		In his doctoral thesis, Raymond Lindeman developed the "trophic dynamic" approach that would be so influential to the formation of ecosystem ecology in his widely cited "The Trophic Dynamic aspects of Ecology" (1941).
		Lindeman paid attention to the community relations that has become central to limnology (the study of lakes) and ecology (the study of communities).
	cycle-of-life.net /kline_case2-lindeman.html (211 words)

	[No title]
		Lindeman had not been well for the last year or more, and during 2 CONC the past six months has been hardly able to leave the house.
		Lindeman was employed as porter in several 2 CONC wholesale dry goods and clothing houses.
		Mary Lindeman, wife of Joseph Lindeman, died at the 2 CONC family residence, two miles west of Delphos, last Friday night, of 2 CONC paralysis, of which she had the first attack on the 5th of December.
	home.cinci.rr.com /jleupen/lindeman.ged (2527 words)

	ASLO: Awards and Nominations
		This annual award in honor of Raymond L. Lindeman (1915-1942) was first presented in 1987 to recognize an outstanding paper written by a young aquatic scientist.
		Lindeman received his Ph.D. in March, 1941 from the University of Minnesota, and began postdoctoral work with G. Evelyn Hutchinson at Yale that September.
		Raymond Lindeman and the trophic-dynamic concept in Ecology.
	aslo.org /information/awards.html (3733 words)

	Lindeman, Raymond - Encyclopedia of Earth
		Raymond Lindeman (1915-1942), an American ecologist who established the concept of trophic dynamics in the field of ecology.
		Lindeman's classic paper on energy flow in ecosystems was initially rejected for publication in the journal Ecology.
		Lindeman’s name is now legendary, but he died in April 1942 at the age of 27, just months before his seminal work was published in Ecology.
	www.eoearth.org /article/Lindeman,_Raymond (394 words)

	Raymond L. Lindeman (1915 – 1942) American Ecologist \| Environmental Encyclopedia
		Lindeman submitted the manuscript to Ecology with Hutchinson's blessings, but it was rejected based on reviewers' claims that it was speculation far beyond the data presented from research on three lakes, including Lindeman's own doctoral research on Cedar Bog Lake.
		Lindeman was able to effectively demonstrate a way to bring together or synthesize two quite separate traditions in ecology, autecology, dependent on physiological studies of individual organisms and species, and synecology focused on studies of communities, aggregates of individuals.
		But it really boils down to Lindeman's synthesis of that work in that one singular, seminal paper, in which he created one of the significant stepping stones from a mostly descriptive discipline toward a more sophisticated and modern theoretical ecology.
	www.bookrags.com /research/raymond-l-lindeman-1915-1942-americ-enve-01 (444 words)

	Raymond Lindeman - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Raymond Lindeman (1915-1942) was an ecologist whose work did not become known until after his death.
		He completed his PhD at the University of Minnesota.
		Evelyn Hutchinson, Lindeman submitted a chapter of his thesis for publication in the journal Ecology.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Raymond_Lindeman (113 words)

	Lindeman-Trophic
		The data for Cedar Bog Lake, Minnesota, are taken from the author's four-year analysis (Lindeman, '41b) of its food-cycle dynamics.
		Hutchinson and Lindeman, '41) that numerical efficiency values may provide "the most fundamental possible classification of biological formations and of their developmental stages." Almost nothing is known concerning the efficiencies of consumer groups in succession.
		While this, his sixth completed paper, was in the press, Raymond Lindeman died after a long illness on 29 June, 1942, in his twenty-seventh year.
	oz.plymouth.edu /~lts/ecology/lindeman42.html (7940 words)

	A Place Apart - Minesota Conservation Volunteer: Minnesota DNR
		Until then, the study of organisms' relationships with their environment was mostly a descriptive exercise, looking at individual animal and plant species: what lived where, who was eating whom, who appeared to be competing with whom.
		Lindeman wondered if ecologists could study ecosystems in their entirety.
		Lindeman's study not only set a new direction for the field of ecology as a whole, but it also launched a wave of investigations into nutrient and energy flows in other Cedar Creek ecosystems.
	www.dnr.state.mn.us /volunteer/julaug05/placeapart.html (2337 words)

	Ecology - Crystalinks
		Modern usage of the term derives from the work done by Raymond Lindeman in his classic study of a Minnesota lake (Lindeman, 1942).
		Lindeman's central concepts were that of functional organisation and ecological energy efficiency ratios.
		This approach is connected to ecological energetics and might also be thought of as environmental rationalism.
	www.crystalinks.com /ecology2.html (2528 words)

	Young biologist recognized
		Jules M. Blais, an assistant professor in the University of Ottawa’s Department of Biology, received the Raymond L. Lindeman Award from the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography (ASLO) for his paper on aquatic sciences.
		This annual award honours Raymond L. Lindeman (1915-1942), whose career was cut short by his death in April 1942 at the age of 27.
		The paper for which Lindeman is most remembered was published posthumously in 1942 and has since become the foundation for research on the flow of energy in plant and animal communities.
	www.uottawa.ca /services/markcom/gazette/030314/030314-art18-e.html (236 words)

	Institute of Ecosystem Studies
		Sobczak received ASLO's prestigious Raymond Lindeman Award for his paper, "Bioavailability of organic matter in a highly disturbed estuary: The role of detrital and algal resources," which appeared in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (99:8101-8105).
		Presented annually, the Raymond Lindeman Award acknowledges an outstanding paper authored by a young aquatic scientist.
		The distinction was created in memory of Raymond L. Lindeman (1915-1942), who is best known for his posthumously published Ecology paper on tropic flow.
	www.ecostudies.org /sobzak.html (149 words)

	Answers to First Examination, Fall 1996
		Raymond Lindeman was one of the first ecologists to propose that energy flow through and ecosystem could be analyzed from a trophic dynamica aspect.
		Colinvaux shows how Lindeman's work refocused the work of ecologists from autecology to synecology, that is, instead of studying individual species, the ecologists began grouping species by their trophic levels.
		The rule says that 10% of the energy is passed on to the next trophic level (ie., the ecological or Lindeman efficiency of the system is 10%).
	oz.plymouth.edu /~lts/ecology/answ9601.html (1998 words)

	Historical Greats ~ College of Biological Sciences
		He was one of the first scholars to conduct research at the University's Cedar Creek Natural History area, focusing on the energy and nutrient balance of Cedar Bog Lake.
		He is memorialized by an award in his name given by the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, and by the Raymond Lindeman Memorial Seminar, established at the University in 1993 by friends, teachers, and admirers to honor this man who transformed the field of ecology.
		Perhaps Lindeman's own words best describe his passion for learning: in a 1936 poem about Lake Itasca, he wrote, "Here we search the placid waters, Find a microcosmic sea Wherein hunting, hunted microbes Eat and live and die, as we...
	www.cbs.umn.edu /main/about/hof/histgreats.shtml (810 words)

	Amazon.com: "Raymond Lindeman": Key Phrase page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		These border practices did not depend on laboratory models or laboratory paraphernalia but constituted cultures that transcended...
		92 Dynamic ecology seized on by limnologists and was later to be the substrate of Raymond Lindeman's (1942) classic, "The Trophic-Dynamic Aspect of Ecology." In this and much subsequent ecology the pyramid of numbers was transformed...
		from the community centered holistic view of ecology, became a distinct branch of ecology in 1942 with the publication of Raymond Lindeman's classic paper, The Trophic-Dynamic Aspects of Ecology.
	www.amazon.com /phrase/Raymond-Lindeman (530 words)

	Economy of Nature — Robert E (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		A young ecologist name Raymond Lindeman, destined for a short life, contributed the trophic dynamic concept to ecology which incorporated energy transfer in the food web of an ecosystem.
		Lindeman stated that at each trophic level up the food chain there’s an ecological efficiency of transfer of around 10% given each level’s need to use the energy it obtain to maintain itself
		Lindeman began the energy characterization with his studies in Cedar Bog lake in Minnesota.
	paws.wcu.edu /dperlmutr/Ecology_Lectures.htm (16704 words)

	Media Release - Former NCUA Employee Pleads Guilty to Illegal Access of a Government Computer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Lindeman could receive a maximum sentence of up to five years in prison.
		Lindeman, who retired from NCUA in 2005, was employed by Charter Oak Federal Credit Union in Groton, Connecticut.
		Lindeman admitted using his Charter Oak computer to illegally access confidential data from the NCUA for the purpose of working on projects that the credit union and its Credit Union Service Organization billed to other credit unions.
	www.ncua.gov /news/press_releases/2006/MR06-1114.htm (289 words)

	The Emergence of Ecology
		Frederic Clements's organismic ecology assumes the plant community is a living organism, vulnerable to disruption or death by technologies such as those that caused the Dust Bowl.
		Arthur Tansley's and Raymond Lindeman's economic ecology, based on physics (thermodynamics), assumes the ecologist is the manager of the natural environment; beneficial management increases economic productivity; exploitation lowers it.
		How do Raymond Lindeman and Eugene Odum expand on Tansley's concept of the ecosystem.
	www.cnr.berkeley.edu /departments/espm/env-hist/studyguide/chap13.htm (578 words)

	Biology 301 - Wethey
		Raymond Lindeman 1942 (Ecology Vol 23: 399-418) provided a mechanistic explanation of food web patterns based on energy flow.
		The energy pyramid is related to the efficiency of energy transfer among trophic levels.
		Lindeman defined energy content of trophic levels from field data:
	www.biol.sc.edu /~wethey/301/FoodWeb.html (151 words)

	Communities and Succession
		When G. Evelyn Hutchinson and his student Raymond Lindeman provided clear, albeit highly complicated, mathematical models to depict the various interacting component parts of the ecosystem, ecologypromised to become a fully mathematized and experimental discipline.
		Lindeman, in particular, contributed to this important change when he published a paper in 1942 that synthesized the work of Clements, Elton, Tansley and his mentor Hutchinson by speaking of biogeochemical cycling, energy flow through trophic levels and dynamic succession.
		Even more importantly, he saw the continuous cycling of material through the ecosystem as an energy-driven process that included producers (organisms that fixed the energy from the sun), consumers and decomposers, which cycled material back to the producers as energy from the sun continued its one-way flow through the ecosystem.
	ecology.botany.ufl.edu /ecologyf02/Communities.html (3242 words)

	M Fall 2001
		Lindeman’s findings ignited a new era in ecology, full of fresh insights into the elemental forces that shape forests, oceans, and even your back lawn.
		Persevering, Lindeman devised a system of classifying organisms according to how they obtain, use, and pass energy on to organisms in higher classes.
		Lindeman’s name is now legendary, but the 27-year-old ecologist died in April 1942, just months before his paper came out.
	www1.umn.edu /urelate/m/fall2002/ecology.html (868 words)

	LINDEMAN family history and genealogy information .. Lindeman ancestry links
		OVERVIEW -- As this genealogical help and research area is a new part of our website, and is currently under development..
		genealogy software and family history research database for the Lindeman name will likely be included in the updates along with an automated form to submit data for Lindeman family history..
		posting surname and ancestry data for Lindeman items as well as allowing the public to search for Lindeman details will remain free of charge.
	www.museumstuff.com /zg.cgi?w=lindeman (193 words)

	Ecology Hall of Fame: Odum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		As concerned people started looking for ways to explain environmental thinking, they latched onto the term ecosystem, coined by Raymond Lindeman in 1942 and used by Odum in his widely-read text.
		More than that, by the time of the first Earth Day in 1970, his concept of the earth as a vast set of interlocking ecosystems became the dominant theme of the environmental movement and has remained so to this day.
		Jennifer Rand had posted an essay on the web that talks about Raymond Lindeman's 1942 paper, "The trophic-dynamic aspect of ecology" in which Lindeman coined the term ecosystem.
	www.ecotopia.org /ehof/odum/index.html (816 words)

	Lindeman, Maxine & Raymond (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Judith Braucher (1939-) & Ronold 'Tony' Lindeman (1938-)
		Marlene Braucher (1942-) & Gerold Kenneth 'Jerry' Lindeman (1939-)
		The contents of this page have not been reviewed by The University of Akron.
	gozips.uakron.edu /~kenneth/Roots/LindemanMaxineRaymond.html (58 words)

	IMCS News \|\| 30 June 2006
		This was part of an NSF-supported project on phosphorus cycling in the Sargasso Sea with collaborators from the Bermuda Biological Station for Research and WHOI.
		Leigh McCallister accepted the Lindeman Award for her 2004 paper published in Limnology and Oceanography (49: 1687-1702).
		Her award acceptance speech was entitled “Tracing the Flow of Carbon from Terrigenous and Aquatic Sources to Bacterial Metabolism” and highlighted the novel aspects of her past and current research, and how they related to the pioneering work of Raymond Lindeman in recognizing the connectivity between biospheres, disciplines and scales.
	marine.rutgers.edu /news/06-30-2006.html (1449 words)

	Hans Alfredson, Tage Danielsson, Lasse O torrent (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Be careful of what you download or face the consequences.
		6 Mb Lindemans Bästa Dubbelgökar / Geolog Sten Lindeman.mp3
		8 Mb Lindemans Bästa Dubbelgökar / Tefatsexpert Ufo Lindeman.mp3
	www.torrentz.com /torrent_28210.html (553 words)

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