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	Raymond T. Birge - Biography by : Berkeley University - Component of : Early Ideas in the History of Quantum Chemistry.
		Birge was a member of the physics faculty at Berkeley from 1918 until his retirement in 1955, and he was chairman of the department from 1932 to 1955.
		E.A. Birge was a pioneer in the study of limnology, a distinguished member of the faculty, and from 1918 to 1925 president of the University.
		Birge stayed at Syracuse for five years and he taught a variety of courses and did research in spectroscopy, measuring and interpreting spectra obtained during his years as a graduate student and a summer spent at Madison.
	www.quantum-chemistry-history.com /Birge1.htm (2932 words)

	W. Edwards Deming Papers (Library of Congress)
		Also included is important correspondence with such statisticians as A. Aitken, Raymond T. Birge, Harold French Dodge, Churchill Eisenhart, J. Juran, Gregory Lidstone, Jerzy Neyman, John Wilder Tukey, and W. Allen Wallis.
		Nishihara, T., 1970 Nishikawa, Tadaichi, 1992 Noguchi, Junji, 1970-93 "N" miscellaneous, 1935-93 (3 folders) Orsini, Joyce, 1978-92 "O" miscellaneous, 1931-92 (2 folders) BOX 16 (1 folder) Perot, H. Ross, 1988 Peterson, Donald E., 1982-90 Petty, Priscilla, 1990-93 "P" miscellaneous, 1937-93 (6 folders) Quayle, Dan, 1991 "Q" miscellaneous, 1978-91 BOX 17 Ranney, Gipsie B., 1989-91, n.d.
		Statistical notes Mathematicians "A" miscellaneous, 1949, 1981 Barnard, George A., 1964 Birge, Raymond T., 1933-42, n.d.
	www.loc.gov /rr/mss/text/deming.html (3898 words)

	ATOMIC BEHAVIOUR AND THE REDSHIFT
		Birge was forced to concede that '… these older results are entirely consistent among themselves, but their average is nearly 100 km/s greater than that given by the eight more recent results' [59].
		Birge was able to make this statement because of an equation linking the wavelength 'W' of light, with frequency 'F', and light-speed 'c'.
		Furthermore, Birge knew that the frequency of light emitted from atoms is directly proportional to the frequency of the revolution of atomic particles in their orbits [42].
	www.ldolphin.org /setterfield/redshift.html (11609 words)

	Harold C. Urey - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		At Berkeley, Urey was influenced by the work of physicist Raymond T. Birge and soon joined Niels Bohr in Copenhagen to work on atomic structure at the Institute for Theoretical Physics.
		On his return to the US in 1924 he taught at Johns Hopkins University, and then at Columbia where he assembled a team of associates that included Rudolph Schoenheimer, David Rittenberg and T.
		During this time, Urey isolated deuterium by repeatedly distilling a sample of liquid hydrogen.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Harold_C._Urey (444 words)

	Is the Velocity of Light Constant in Time?
		For the Student t statistic, the null hypothesis is that c is constant at 299792.458 km/sec.
		The loss of significance of the t test is due to systematic problems in the aberration values.
		By contrast, the t test results on the slopes of the other three constants (e, R, and G) were not statistically significant.
	www.ldolphin.org /cdkgal.html (3446 words)

	criticalreview (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Some weeks ago, he had criticized my equations on the basis of the substitution for the term T that he had dreamt up and then shown to be false.
		This is what we have in Equation (110) where lightspeed replaces redshift and astronomical distance x is replaced by dynamical time T. But from his previous comments Mark is concerned about the use of T as time in (110).
		What I have done is to treat time, T, in the same way that astronomers treat distance, x, so that T runs from T = 1 at the origin of the cosmos, and T = 0 at our galaxy.
	www.setterfield.org /criticalreview.htm (3545 words)

	Kostas Gavroglu and Ana Simões : The Americans, the Germans, and the beginnings of quantum chemistry: The ...
		But if he takes the latter course, as is done in this book, he must accept the physical conclusions in full, and must not assign to these entities properties which the physicists have found them not to possess: he must not use the terminology of physics unless he is prepared to recognize its laws.
		This, Birge told him, was one of the tasks a scientific innovator should tackle, and perhaps the most important task Mulliken should consider at this stage of his career: (128)
		Having completed the trilogy on the "Assignment of quantum numbers to electrons in molecules" two years previously, he realized that his preliminary ideas on valence theory were buried amidst information on band spectra, in a journal seldom read by chemists.
	www.quantum-chemistry-history.com /Simo_Dat/AmerGerm/AmerGerm3.htm (13261 words)

	Timeline: 10/5/29, Science News Online (10/9/99)
		Now Dr. Arthur S. King of the Mt. Wilson Observatory, and Dr. Raymond T. Birge of the University of California, have found a kind of carbon that is heavier than the ordinary form.
		Ordinary carbon is of mass 12, in the scale used for measuring the mass of the atoms.
		King and Dr. Birge announce that the new band can be explained by the presence along with ordinary carbon of another kind, or isotope, of mass 13.
	www.sciencenews.org /pages/sn_arc99/10_9_99/timeline.htm (516 words)

	Figure - Nature Cell Biology
		After 8−10 h, apoptotic T cells were co-cultured with green-labelled 293T cells (PKH67, Sigma).
		Shown is a representative time course of 293T cells engulfing apoptotic T cells.
		b, c, To demonstrate that apoptotic T cells were being phagocytosed, co-cultures were incubated at low temperature (b) and in the presence of 0 mM (circles), 1 mM (squares), 2 mM (diamonds), 3 mM (triangles) or 4 mM (stars) EDTA (c).
	www.nature.com /ncb/journal/v2/n12/fig_tab/ncb1200_899_F1.html (230 words)

	Ava Helen and Linus Pauling Papers - 16. Pauling Personal Library, Q
		Principles of physical science, by Francis T. Bonner and Melba Phillips.
		English;The nature of substance / Rudolf Hauschka translated from the German by Marjorie Spock and Mary T. Richards.
		Introduction to matrices and linear transformations / Daniel T. Finkbeiner, II.
	library.oregonstate.edu /specialcollections/coll/pauling/catalogue/pauling16_Q.html (2986 words)

	[No title]
		Doney Niel T. Monmouth Glen 6 42 VFW WWI Navy GM3C Air Sta Doney Ranson Monmouth OP 6 8 Mexican Army PVT Ohio Inf.
		Raymond George Bert Monmouth GL 1 59 WWII/Korea/Vietnam Army SSGT Raymond George Henry Monmouth NH 15 102 1 Span.
		Thompson James T. Monmouth OP 8 85 Civil Army CORP Co I 10 IL Cav Thompson Samuel Monmouth Thornton Alphens Monmouth NH 13 4 WWI Army PVT Bt.
	www.wcig.net /name.htm (11396 words)

	Dr. Raymond Birge Lab
		M.L. Albert, J-I. Kim, and R.B. Birge (2000) The a v b 5 integrin recruits the Crk/Dock180 molecular complex for phagocytosis of apoptotic cells.
		Tsuji T, Ishizaki T, Okamoto M, Higashida C, Kimura K, Furuyashiki T, Arakawa Y, Birge, Nakamoto T, Hirai H, Narumiya S. ROCK and mDia1 antagonize in Rho-dependent Rac activation in Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts.
		Birge (1999).Targeted expression of an oncogenic adaptor protein v-Crk potentiates axonal growth in dorsal root ganglia and motor neurons in vivo.
	www.umdnj.edu /biochweb/Birge.htm (1230 words)

	THE VACUUM, LIGHT SPEED, AND THE REDSHIFT (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In 1886, Simon Newcomb reluctantly concluded that the older results obtained around 1740 were in agreement with each other, but they indicated 'c' was about 1% higher than in his own time [57], the early 1880's.
		Birge was forced to concede that " these older results are entirely consistent among themselves, but their average is nearly 100 km/s greater than that given by the eight more recent results" [58].
		Raymond T. Birge, "The General Physical Constants", Reports On Progress In Physics, Vol.
	www.setterfield.org /vacuum.html (12779 words)

	11.04.2003 - Nuclear physicist A. Carl Helmholz, former physics chair, has died
		At the time of his death, he had completed a draft history of the UC Berkeley physics department from 1955 on, complementing a departmental history written by his predecessor as chair, Raymond T. Birge.
		Helmholz and his wife, Betty, were generous donors to the campus, in particular to the Department of Physics, but also to the UC Botanical Garden, the University Library and International House.
		Following his seven-year stint as chairman of the physics department, for which he was handpicked by Birge, the outgoing chair, Helmholz served on various campus committees until his retirement in 1980.
	www.berkeley.edu /news/media/releases/2003/11/04_helmholz.shtml (1075 words)

	AIP International Catalog of Sources (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Lectures by Niels Bohr and by R. Birge, 1922-1969.
		One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740, USA
		There are also three speeches delivered by Birge on: parapsychology (1961), extraterrestrial life (1966), and the manned space program (1969).
	www.aip.org /history/catalog/3902.html (86 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In 1934 he began to move away from physics and physical chemistry and published his first paper in the field of statis- tics.
		By 1937 he had teamed up with Raymond T. Birge, writing a paper on the statistical theory of errors.
		It wastes time of men, who are paid wages; it wastes time of machines, if there are machines; it wastes materials." It so happens that several months later, [he] visited both Ford and Pontiac, and met with some of the team members who had gone to Japan.
	deming.eng.clemson.edu /pub/den/files/demtrib.txt (2102 words)

	[No title]
		Prepared by Robert T. Donley under the auspices of the West Virginia Bar Assn. © 10Jun38; A119475.
		Raymond T. Bye (A) & Edith J. Hewett (Mrs.
		SEE Altman, George T. Problem material for use with second edition, Introduction to federal taxation.
	www.gutenberg.org /dirs/1/1/8/3/11832/11832-8.txt (6676 words)

	129-131
		His paper on the subject, published in 1961 [1], was to become the preeminent publication on the subject.
		With impeccable scholarship and commitment to detail, Eisenhart synthesized his own work [2] and the writings of statistical theorists and practitioners, Walter Shewhart [3], Edwards Deming, Raymond Birge [4], and R. Murphy [5], into concepts of quality control that could be applied to measurement processes.
		Three basic concepts in the paper were immediately accepted by metrologists at NBS, namely: (1) a measurement process requires statistical control; (2) statistical control implies control of both reproduci-bility and repeatability; and (3) a measurement result requires an associated statement of uncertainty that includes any possible source of bias.
	nvl.nist.gov /pub/nistpubs/sp958-lide/html/129-131.html (1399 words)

	[No title]
		Mme Albert Beguin, nee Raymonde Vincent (A); 7Dec64; R350926.
		By Raymond T. Bye & Ralph H. Blodgett.
		Raymond T. Bye & Ralph H. Blodgett (A); 14Aug64; R343351.
	www.ibiblio.org /pub/docs/books/gutenberg/1/1/8/3/11830/11830-8.txt (7474 words)

	Olin Chaddock Wilson, January 13, 1909–July 13, 1994 \| By Helmut A. Abt \| Biographical Memoirs
		In Berkeley Olin became disappointed with the astronomy department's concentration on celestial mechanics, because he was much more interested in the nature of stars and in the applications of physics to astronomy.
		He also worked for a while for Birge, who was then determining the best values of the fundamental constants.
		That led Olin to write one of his first individual scientific papers (1932) on the constancy of the speed of light.
	www.nap.edu /readingroom/books/biomems/owilson.html (5016 words)

	ScienceWeek
		Absorption lines have been detected for quasars so distant that the radiation we see from them corresponds to a time when the Universe was only 6% of its present age(5).
		The idea of making systematic study of potentially relevant experimental and theoretical information in order to produce a set of self-consistent values of the constants dates back to Raymond T. Birge, who published such a study in 1929 as the very first article in what is now the _Reviews of Modern Physics_.
		The Task Group on Fundamental Constants, established by the Committee on Data for Science and Technology in 1969, has published three sets of recommended values of the fundamental constants, one set in 1973, one set in 1986-1987, and the latest in 1999-2000.
	scienceweek.com /2004/sc040521-5.htm (1063 words)

	[No title]
		SEE Burgess, John W. Applied economics, by Raymond T. Bye & William W. Hewett.
		Raymond T. Bye & William W. Hewett (A); 27Apr61; R275087.
		EATON, HAROLD T. Shakespeare's the tragedy of Macbeth.
	www.gutenberg.org /dirs/1/1/8/2/11823/11823-8.txt (7305 words)

	J. Robert Oppenheimer Papers (Library of Congress)
		Supplementary papers were transferred to the Library by the Atomic Energy Commission in 1971.
		The Membership File, particularly for the Twentieth Century Fund and UNESCO, reflects some of the international issues in the humanities with which Oppenheimer was involved.
		Organized and described according to the series, folders, and boxes from which the items were removed.
	www.loc.gov /rr/mss/text/oppnheim.html (2109 words)

	Seaborg Center> Glenn Seaborg Autobiography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		I took formal courses in chemistry from such eminent men as Professors Axel R. Olson and William F. Giauque, and in physics from Raymond T. Birge and Robert B. Brode.
		In February 1942, John W. Gofman, a graduate student, Raymond W. Stoughton, a young research assistant, and I were able to say that we had created and identified a second major source of nuclear energy, the isotope uranium-233, which is the key to the use of the abundant element thorium as a nuclear fuel.
		The SCA also sponsors the Glenn T. Seaborg Nobel Stipend, given to an outstanding science student in one of the six colleges in the United States of Swedish origin, to enable him or her to attend the annual Nobel Prize ceremonies in Stockholm on December 10.
	seaborg.nmu.edu /gts/auto.html (7548 words)

	Guide to the Robert R. Wilson Papers,1936-2000
		Kjellberg, Raymond N. Kolstad, George A. Krumhansl, James A. Kumagai, Hirao.
		Bainbridge, K[enneth] T., UCB, from R. Hickman, re cyclotron plans [cc]; Cecil A. Roberts, Supt. of Construction, to R. Hickman, Harvard University, 11/30/1945, re budget [cc]; G. McCreery, McCreery and Theriault, to Harvard University, 11/29/1945, estimating costs [cc]
		Bainbridge, Kenneth T., Harvard University, to R.R.W., Oakland, Calif., re construction of cyclotron and betatron [tls]
	rmc.library.cornell.edu /EAD/htmldocs/RMA03093.html (3970 words)

	[Frontiers in Bioscience 3, d1060-1096, November 1, 1998] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		24.Iivanainen, A. Lindqvist, T. Mustelin and L. Andersson: Phosphotyrosine phosphatases are involved in reversion of T lymphoblastic proliferation.
		Fujioka, Y., T. Matozaki, T. Noguchi, A. Iwamatsu, T. Yamao, N. Takahashi, M. Tsuda, T. Takada and M. Kasuga: A Novel Membrane glycoprotein, SHPS-1, that binds the SH2-domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-2 in response to mitogens and cell adhesion.
		Ochi, F., T. Matozaki, T. Noguchi, Y. Fujioka, T. Yamao, T. Takada, M. Tsuda, H. Takeda, K. Fukunaga, Y. Okabayashi and M. Kasuga: Epidermal growth factor stimulates the tyrosine phosphorylation of SHPS-1 and association of SHPS-1 with SHP-2, a SH2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase.
	www.bioscience.org /1998/v3/d/mustelin/8.htm (11940 words)

	Upheaval in Physics: History of the Light-Speed Debate - Helen D. Setterfield - Koinonia House
		Raymond Birge, highly respected chairman of the physics department at the University of California, Berkeley, had, from 1929 on, established himself as an arbiter of the values of atomic constants.
		However Birge's recommended values for the speed of light decreased steadily until 1940, when an article written by him, entitled "The General Physical Constants, as of August 1940 with details on the velocity of light only," appeared in Reports on Progress in Physics (Vol.
		8, pp.90-100, 1941). Birge began the article saying: "This paper is being written on request - and at this time on request...
	www.khouse.org /articles/2002/423 (1830 words)

	List of physicists Online Research :: Information about List of physicists (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Many famous Physicist of the 20th century and 21st century are found on the list of recipients of the Nobel Prize in physics.
		Raymond T. Birge - USA (1887 â“ 1980)
		Gerardus 't Hooft - The Netherlands (1946 â“)
	in-northcarolina.com /search/Famous_physicists.html (815 words)

	Nobel Prize in Physics 1939 - Presentation Speech
		Among the speeches delivered was a thorough account of Professor Lawrence's work by the physicist R.T. Birge.
		He has been a member of the University staff for twenty-two years, is chairman of the department in which Dr. Lawrence's research began, and is himself a physicist of national repute, one of the twenty-three members of the National Academy of Sciences of whom I spoke a moment ago.
		South Dakota was admitted to the Union in 1889.
	nobelprize.org /physics/laureates/1939/press.html (7413 words)

	Physics Today March 2001
		The basic approach to finding a self-consistent set of values of these constants is to identify the critical experiments, determine the theoretical expressions as functions of the fundamental constants that make predictions for the measured quantities, and adjust the values of the constants to achieve the best match between theory and experiment.
		The idea of making a systematic study of potentially relevant experimental and theoretical information in order to produce a set of self-consistent values of the constants dates back to Raymond T. Birge, who published such a study in 1929 as the very first article in what is now the Reviews of Modern Physics.
		Since then, there have been many efforts to determine the best values of the constants.
	physicstoday.org /pt/vol-54/iss-3/p29.html (3210 words)

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