Raymond-III-of-Tripoli

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	Raymond III of Tripoli - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Raymond III of Tripoli (1140–1187) was Count of Tripoli from 1152 to 1187 and Prince of Galilee and Tiberias in right of his wife Eschiva.
		Raymond attempted a coup, and began to march on Jerusalem with Bohemund III, to force the king to marry his sister to a local candidate of his own choosing, probably Baldwin of Ibelin, Balian's older brother.
		Raymond was bailli, but he had passed Baldwin V's personal guardianship to Joscelin III of Edessa, his maternal great-uncle, claiming that he did not wish to attract suspicion if the child, who does not seem to have been robust, were to die.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Raymond_III_of_Tripoli (1947 words)

	Bohemund III of Antioch - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Patriarch Heraclius of Jerusalem was sent to mediate in 1181, with Raynald of Chatillon, Raymond III of Tripoli, Arnold of Toroga, and Roger des Moulins, but Bohemund refused to acquiesce, and expelled the mediators as well as a number of his own nobles.
		Raymond of Tripoli died soon after Hattin, and had named Bohemund's elder son Raymond as his successor, but Bohemund ignored this and instead installed his second son, Bohemund IV, as count.
		In 1177, along with Raymond III and Philip, Count of Flanders, who had arrived on pilgrimage, Bohemund besieged Harim, but they could not recapture it and the siege was abandoned.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bohemund_III_of_Antioch (1096 words)

	The Counts of Toulouse and the County of Tripoli
		Count Raymond III of Tripoli, who reigned from 1152 to 1187, was an important figure in the history of the Kingdom to the south, due to his close relationship to its Kings (his mother Hodierna was a daughter of Baldwin II of Jerusalem) and to his own position as Prince of Galilee through his wife.
		Raymond often quarrelled with Hodierna, and Hodierna's sister Melisende was invited to mediate in 1152.
		Raymond argued unsuccessfully in favour of peace with Saladin, but, ironically, it was Saladin's siege of Raymond's Countess in Tiberias that led the Crusader army into Galilee before its defeat at Hattin in 1187, and although Raymond survived the battle, he died soon afterwards.
	www.languedoc-france.info /19020104_tripoli.htm (3298 words)

	Medieval Sourcebook:The Battle of Hattin 1187
		The Countess [Eschiva, wife of Raymond III of Tripoli] and the Galileans, since the city was not fortified, sent messengers to the Count and King with the news: "The Turks have surrounded the city.
		Raymond III of Tripoli and his friends stood opposed to the Latin King and his coterie.
		Raymond had, in fact, made an alliance with Saladin in order to protect the county of Tripoli against the possibility of Moslem invasion.
	www.fordham.edu /halsall/source/1187hattin.html (2501 words)

	Politics in the Latin Kingdom
		Raymond of Tripoli refused to recognize the new monarchs and he was joined in his opposition by Bohemund III, the Prince of Antioch, and a minority of the other long-standing members of the Latin nobility.
		Baldwin III was preoccupied with dynastic quarrels among the members of the royal family and with the pretensions of the Byzantine Emperor, Manuel, to suzerainty over Antioch.
		Raymond of Tripoli remained in power as regent and quickly sought to negotiate a truce with Saladin.
	www.ordotempli.org /politics_in_the_latin_kingdom.htm (9386 words)

	AllRefer.com - Raymond, count of Tripoli (French History, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		Raymond c.1140–1187, count of Tripoli (1152–87), great-great-grandson of Raymond IV of Toulouse.
		He gave up that post in 1176, but in 1183 was appointed regent for Baldwin V. Leading the baronial faction in the kingdom, Raymond opposed Guy of Lusignan, who became king at the death (1186) of Baldwin, and he even entered into an alliance with Saladin.
		Raymond died at Tyre soon after the battle.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/R/Raymond.html (266 words)

	Crusaders, Greeks, and Muslims by Sanderson Beck
		In late 1198 Bohemond of Tripoli persuaded the Antioch commune to accept him in place of his father Bohemond III, who died in 1201.
		After Count Raymond of Tripoli was killed by Assassins, his widow Hodierna assumed the regency for their twelve-year-old Raymond III.
		Raymond II of Tripoli offered his daughter Melisend in marriage to Manuel, and both were crushed when the Emperor rejected her to marry Princess Maria of Antioch.
	www.san.beck.org /AB18-Crusaders.html (21728 words)

	sicily
		Son of Bohemond III; adopted by Raymond III of Tripoli, whom he succeeded as count of Tripoli (1187); forcefully succeeded to Antioch, excluding his nephew Raymond Rhupen, grandson of Leo II of Armenia.
		The third son of King Pedro III of Aragon (1239-85), Frederick became regent of Sicily, a possession of Aragon, in 1291.
		Charles III of Parma) and Henri (1820-1883), duc de Bordeaux and later comte de Chambord ; attempted to secure succession for Henri on overthrow of Charles X (1830) and exiled; secretly returned to France (1832), instigated insurrection in favor of Henri at Vendee; imprisoned (1832-33).
	website.lineone.net /~johnbidmead/sicily.htm (2975 words)

	ORB: The Online Reference Book for Medieval Studies
		Raymond III of Tripoli had died shortly after the Battle of Hattin and leaving behind no direct heir, he had named his godson, Raymond of Antioch, the eldest son of prince Bohemond III, as his successor.
		Not only was Raymond dead and his heir still quite young, but Fulk of Jerusalem too had left behind a child son and widow and Joscelin II of Edessa was being held captive, where he would die some ten years later.
		Raymond rallied to its defense but the limit of his fortune had been reached: he was killed in the battle.
	www.the-orb.net /textbooks/crusade/antioch.html (2650 words)

	The Fantasy Forum - Kingdom of Heaven
		Raymond III of Tripoli, in his capacity of regent during Baldwin's minority, arranged for Sibylla to marry William Longsword of Montferret, newly created count of Jaffa and Ascalon.
		At Easter, 1180, Raymond III of Tripoli (the former regent) and Bohemund III of Antioch entered the kingdom with the intent of choosing a husband for Sibylla themselves.
		Balian and Baldwin supported Raymond III of Tripoli over Miles of Plancy as regent for Baldwin IV in 1174, and in 1177 the brothers were present at the Battle of Montgisard.
	www.thefantasyforum.com /showthread.php?p=243644 (6638 words)

	The Agenda
		In 1187, the Crusader princess Ishiba, wife of Raymond III from Tripoli, in Lebanon, was living in the fortress.
		She accepted Salah a-Din's conditions, and she and her remaining Crusader knights were permitted to leave for Tripoli in peace.
		The well-preserved condition of the gate makes it possible to uncover the structure in its entirety, and the site will be incorporated into the tourism development project planned alongside the lake's promenade in the future.
	www.jafi.org.il /agenda/2001/english/wk4-21/9.asp (402 words)

	Crusader States, Kings of Jerusalem & Cyprus, Templars, Hospitallers, Israel, etc.
		Raymond III died shortly after the catastrophic battle of Hattin in 1187, and the County passed to the Princes of Antioch.
		The first Count of Tripoli, Raymond, was the Count of Toulouse and was never actually in possession of Tripoli.
		Raymond's cousin William-Jordan became Regent at Tripoli for his son Alfonso-Jordan, while his illegitimate son Bertrand took over Toulouse.
	www.friesian.com /outremer.htm (13900 words)

	:::► Dictionary of Meaning www.mauspfeil.net ◄:::
		* Baldwin IV of Jerusalem Baldwin IV becomes Kings of Jerusalem King of Jerusalem, with Raymond III of Tripoli as regent and William of Tyre as Officers of the Kingdom of Jerusalem chancellor.
	www.mauspfeil.net /1174.html (250 words)

	The Assassins: 4
		Raymond III of Tripoli, son of that Raymond who had been murdered by the Assassins in 1152, became regent; he was able and determined but he could not unite the kingdom.
		At this time Raymond's marriage was in a bad state: his wife Hodierna, sister of Queen Melisende, was headstrong and flighty, and Raymond, who was intensely jealous, tried to keep her shut up like a Muslim woman.
		At this early stage, however, the Franks considered the Nizaris simply as another group of Saracens; not until 1152 did the Nizaris first achieve widespread notoriety among the Christians, as the result of their murder of Count Raymond II of Tripoli.
	www.accampbell.uklinux.net /assassins/assassins-html/sinan.html (8240 words)

	Roman Emperors DIR Mary of Antioch
		Marguerite-Constance of Antioch, the daughter of Raymond of Poitiers and Constance of Antioch (who had married Reynald of Chatillon after Raymond's death), was one of the two main contenders for the position of Manuel's new bride, the other being Melisende, sister of Raymond III of Tripoli.
		Maria unwisely attempted to enlist the help of Béla III of Hungary, who was now her brother-in-law, by writing letters to him suggesting he ravage the lands around Branichevo and Belgrade to distract Andronicus' attention from events in the city.
		s father, Raymond of Poitiers, was also uncle of Eleanor of Aquitaine.
	www.roman-emperors.org /maryant.htm (6469 words)

	Religious Military Orders - by Brad A. Sand and Dr. Carl Edwin Lindgren
		When Raymond III discovered the deception he rode to his nearest supporter and, as the Regent of the Kingdom, summoned the High Court of the Kingdom.
		The Grand Master of the Temple was heard to murmur at that moment, “This crown is a fair return for the inheritance of Botrun” Raymond III had in fact lost the crown, but Gerard de Ridfort’s hatred was not appeased for all that (Oldenbourg 1966).
		The regency stayed with Raymond, and the personal guardianship for the child-king was entrusted to the Baudouinet’s great uncle, Joscelin III de Courtenay Seneschal of the
	users.panola.com /AAGHS/military.html (7314 words)

	Raymond
		Raymond is the name of several counts of Toulouse during the Middle Ages best known for their suppression of the Cathars and the Albigensian Crusades:
		Raymond of Antioch also known as Raymond of Poitiers (1099-June 27, 1149) was prince of Antioch between 1136 to 1149
		Lord Raymond is the hero of Mary Shelley's The Last Man. Raymond has been used as an alternative title for the book.
	raymond.blogmobs.com /index.php/2005/12 (262 words)

	Vassals of the Kingdom of Jerusalem - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		There were also three other major Crusader states, the County of Edessa, the County of Tripoli, and the Principality of Antioch, which were not part of the kingdom and did not technically owe any feudal services (they often gave military service but just as often did not).
		This seigneury was an unusual creation given to Joscelin III, the nominal count of Edessa, which had been lost long before.
		According to the 13th century jurist John of Ibelin the four highest barons in the Kingdom were the Count of Jaffa and Ascalon, the Prince of Galilee, the Lord of Sidon, and the Lord of Oultrejordain.
	www.indexuslist.de /keyword/Vassals_of_the_Kingdom_of_Jerusalem.php (1370 words)

	Ummah.com - Muslims(Saladin) Vs The Crusades
		Raymond argued that a march from Acre to Tiberias was exactly what Saladin wanted and that Sephoria was a strong position for the Crusaders to defend, but due to internal court politics and accusations of cowardice, King Guy ordered the army to march immediately against Saladin at Tiberias.
		News of the disastrous defeat at Hattin was the catalyst for the formation of the Third Crusade, and was also said to have caused Pope Urban III to die of shock.
		On the morning of July 4, the Crusaders, thirsty and demoralised, broke camp and changed direction for the springs of Hattin, but their ragged approach was attacked by Saladin's army which blocked the route forward and any possible retreat.
	www.ummah.net /forum/printthread.php?t=50758 (2227 words)

	Israel Antiquities Authority - Gallery of Sites and Finds
		In the feverish consultations going on at the camp in Sepphoris it was Raymond, the husband of Eschiva, who advised the king not to engage the Muslim army in a conflict at this time, despite the looming danger to his wife and comrades in Tiberias.
		After the hostilities the army of the Crusader kingdom ceased to exist and the Templar and Hospitaller knights were executed (only King Guy was taken prisoner and released after a year while Raymond succeeded in fleeing before the end of the battle).
		At the start of the siege an alarmed Eschiva sent a messenger to the Crusader camp informing them of it and the imminent danger that awaited her and the knights of Tiberias it Saladin’s intention to conquer the city were to occur.
	www.antiquities.org.il /site_Item_eng.asp?id=46 (1307 words)

	A General History of the Near East, Chapter 11
		Raymond of Tripoli escaped in a desperate charge, and died heartbroken shortly afterwards; his county went by default to a son of Antioch's Bohemond III, thus uniting Antioch and Tripoli under one family.
		The four Crusader states of Jerusalem, Tripoli, Antioch and Edessa together made up a fragile ribbon between the Red Sea and the Euphrates that was 600 miles long, and between 10 and 100 miles wide.
		Raymond fought his way back to Constantinople, and sailed off to new adventures in the Holy Land.
	xenohistorian.faithweb.com /neareast/ne11.html (13635 words)

	My Lines - Person Page 440
		Raymond III, comte de Tripoli was described as very dark, with a hawk-nose, fluent in Arabic, and an attentive reader of Islamic texts, he could have passed for a Syrian emir but for his large stature, which betrayed his western origins.
		She married Raymond III, comte de Tripoli, son of Raymond II, comte de Tripoli and Hodierne de Jérusalem, in 1174.
		He succeeded to the countship of Tripoli after the assassination of his father Raymond II in 1152.
	homepages.rootsweb.com /~cousin/html/p440.htm (4373 words)

	YourArt.com >> Encyclopedia >> 1187
		Vladimir III Rurikovich, Grand Prince of Kiev (died 1239)
	www.yourart.com /research/encyclopedia.cgi?subject=/1187 (255 words)

	Crusader walkthrough
		Place in order for the Party of the Barons - Raymond III of Tripoli, Baldwin IV and Baldwin V. King Baldwin IV chose little Baldwin, who is only 5 yrs.
		Between the siege of Kerak and the facing Raymond of Tripoli's army, Saladin lifted the attack on the garrison.
		To the dismay of the opposing party who left the court in defeat, Raymond of Tripoli was nominated to be Regent until little Baldwin comes of age.
	www.gameboomers.com /wtcheats/pcCc/crusader.htm (4484 words)

	The Kingdom of Jerusalem in Crisis
		Newcomer to east from Poitou, with brothers Geoffrey and Aimery.Marries Sibyl 1180, as part of Baldwin IV's policy to counterbalance Raymond III's influence.
		Seeks to promote influence of her daughter, and of brother Jocelyn III, titular count of Edessa, who is seneschal of kingdom after 1176.
		As count of Tripoli, makes own truce with Saladin 1180.
	www.lancs.ac.uk /depts/history/course-sites/hist219/kingdom_in_crisis.htm (163 words)

	Just Good Company: A Journal of Religion and Culture
		By 1144, however, some forty years later, a new and powerful Moslem leader took back Edessa, one of the Syrian cities that had been conquered by the soldiers of the First Crusade.
		Since Vatican II, Catholics who consider themselves as part of a servant church would have to see Innocent III as an arrogant elitist who was in love with abstractions.
		It was Gregory VII who had uncovered some ancient documents called the Isidorian Decretals (they were nothing but forgeries, as modern scholars have proven) to claim spiritual supremacy for himself and all his successors over the patriarchs of Constantinople, Alexandria, Antioch and Jerusalem, as well as temporal dominion over Rome and the entire Western Empire.
	justgoodcompany.org /2.1/kaiser.htm (10616 words)

	William of Tyre Biography / Biography of William of Tyre Biography
		Upon Amalric's death William planned to stop writing, but the rise to power of Count Raymond III of Tripoli brought William the appointment of chancellor of the kingdom, and in 1175 he was made archbishop of Tyre.
		king · constantinople · jerusalem · baldwin · the historian · chancellor · humble origins · saladin · tyre · latin kingdom · scholastic aptitude · greek hebrew · eastern languages · count raymond · dying young · cathedral church
		William traveled to Rome and Constantinople in the next few years before being appointed tutor to Amalric's son Baldwin (later King Baldwin IV) in 1170.
	www.bookrags.com /biography-william-of-tyre (593 words)

	ORB Bibliographies: Crusades
		DC 87.7.G63 A94 1985 14 Baldwin, Marshall W. Raymond III of Tripoli (1936) 14 Brundage, James A. "Adhemar of Puy.
		A Story of Enthusiasm (1906) 14 Hill, John H. Raymond IV of St. Gilles (1962) 14 Hindley, Geoffrey.
		DS 38.4.S2 N48 1984 14 Nicholson, R.L. Tancred (1940) 14 Nicholson, Robert L. Joscelyn III and the fall of the crusader states 1134-1199.
	www.the-orb.net /bibliographies/crusades.html (2661 words)

	Baldwin V -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		The able knight Raymond III, count of Tripoli, acted as regent for the young king, in 1185 managing to obtain with...
		The able knight Raymond III, count of Tripoli, acted as regent for…
		The son of William Longsword of Montferrat and Sybil, the sister of King Baldwin IV, Baldwin V came to the throne when his uncle died of leprosy at the age of 24.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9011944 (929 words)

	Paradox Interactive Forums - The Crusader Chronicles - Volume I: Deus lo Volt!
		Raymond of Tripoli had charge of the van and advanced closely to the descent to the waters of Lake Tiberias.
		Raymond had urged King Guy to make for the waters of Lake Tiberias, but the pressure from the Saracens led by Saladin himself made the king decide to encamp right where we were.”
		William of Tyre told me that Raymond counseled either riding for the Lake or to Habatin, a village which also had springs to water our mounts and ourselves.
	www.europa-universalis.com /forum/showthread.php?t=152831 (7927 words)

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In the News (Wed 30 Dec 09)