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	Alito disagreed with court decisions on reapportionment - The Boston Globe
		The reapportionment cases, heard by the court when Earl Warren was the chief justice, are among the court's most widely accepted decisions on civil rights and equal representation.
		The result of reapportionment was that New Jersey went from being represented mostly by Republicans to a majority of Democrats, said a law review article coauthored by Nathaniel Persily, a University of Pennsylvania law professor.
		The proportion of Democratic seats in the Senate increased to 58.6 percent from 28.6 percent, and in the New Jersey House to 65 percent from 46.7 percent, according to the article.
	www.boston.com /news/nation/washington/articles/2005/11/17/alito_disagreed_with_court_decisions_on_reapportionment (1096 words)

	The Ultimate Reapportionment - American History Information Guide and Reference
		Reapportionment is the reallocation of seats in a legislature to the regions from which legislators are elected, following changes in population.
		Reapportionment of the United States House of Representatives (the lower house of the U.S. Congress) occurs every year ending in "1", the year after the U.S. Census Bureau performs the decennial census mandated by the U.S. Constitution.
		In the states where the legislature is in charge of reapportionment, the possibility of gerrymandering often makes the process politically contentious, especially when the two houses of the legislature, or the legislature and the governor, are of different parties.
	www.historymania.com /american_history/Reapportionment (205 words)

	Leman - Article V & VI of Alaska's Constitution
		Reapportionment shall be based upon civilian population within each election district as reported by the census.
		Reapportionment shall be by the method of equal proportions, except that each election district having the major fraction of the quotient obtained by dividing total civilian population by forty shall have one representative.
		The reapportionment and redistricting shall be effective for the election of members of the legislature until after the official reporting of the next decennial census.
	www.alaska.net /~lleman/ArtV&VI.html (829 words)

	Apportionment (politics) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Apportionment, or reapportionment, is the process of determining representation in politics within a legislative body by creating constituencies.
		This is typically done in proportion to the population in the individual sectors.
		Reapportionment and Redistricting in the US an article from the ACE Project
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Reapportionment (1004 words)

	Bambooweb: Reapportionment
		Redistricting or reapportionment is the changing of political borders (in many countries, specifically the electoral district/constituency boundaries) in response to periodic census results.
		A controversial approach to redistricting, gerrymandering, is the deliberate manipulation of political borders for short-term electoral advantage, usually of incumbents or a specific political party.
		Reapportionment of the U.S. House of Representatives (the lower house of the U.S. Congress) occurs every year ending in "1", the year after the U.S. Census Bureau performs the decennial census mandated by the U.S. Constitution.
	www.bambooweb.com /articles/r/e/Reapportionment.html (235 words)

	Reapportionment begins now!
		These common reapportionment guidelines — making politically safe districts and protecting incumbents — have come under fire from reform groups who argue they dilute the value of citizens' participation in politics, make legislators less responsive to their constituents and permit parties to field weak candidates.
		Despite the reformers' efforts, reapportionment in Illinois is first of all a legislative duty, according to the 1970 Constitution.
		For the 1955 reapportionment, Chicago was allotted 23 districts, the Cook County suburbs 7 and Downstate the remaining 29.
	www.lib.niu.edu /ipo/1978/ii780807.html (6751 words)

	How to Draw Redistricting Plans That Will Stand Up in Court
		"Reapportionment" is the process of reassigning a given number of seats in a legislative body to established districts, usually in accordance with an established plan or formula.
		Section 2 has been used to attack reapportionment and redistricting plans on the ground that they discriminated against Blacks or Hispanics and abridged their right to vote by diluting the voting strength of their population in the state.
		A reapportionment plan that includes in one district individuals who belong to the same race, but who are otherwise widely separated by geographical and political boundaries, and who may have little in common with one another but the color of their skin, bears an uncomfortable resemblance to political apartheid.
	www.senate.leg.state.mn.us /departments/scr/redist/draw/draw202web.htm (11970 words)

	Alaska Newsletter: Reapportionment ten years ago
		The reason for the delay was reapportionment, the redrawing of election districts based on the 10-year census to conform to the one person, one vote rule of the U.S. Supreme Court.
		The state defended the Reapportionment Board's decisions by arguing that the 1990 plan was within the board's discretion, that certain districts were indeed integrated by socio-economic standards, and that in other cases the requirements of the Voting Rights Act had been met.
		The proclamation concluded with a statement that the amended reapportionment and redistricting plan should be implemented for the 1994 elections and until proclamation of a new plan after the year 2000.
	www.gov.state.ak.us /ltgov/elections/news/92redist.htm (1631 words)

	4623: COMMITTEE SUMMARY (6-7-05) - POTATO COMMISSION REAPPORTIONMENT
		Reapportionment of either members or districts could not occur more than twice in any five-year period, and could not occur within six months before a referendum.
		After reapportionment, if a member's residence fell outside the district he or she was representing, and fell within another member's district, both members would continue to serve on the Commission for a term equal to the remaining term of the member who served for the longer period of time.
		If reapportionment created a district within which no member serving on the Commission resided, then a member would have to be selected as prescribed in Section 2 of the Act (the section the bill would amend, which includes provisions for filling a vacancy).
	www.legislature.mi.gov /documents/2005-2006/billanalysis/Senate/htm/2005-SFA-4623-S.htm (672 words)

	Reapportionment History
		At the outset, it may be appropriate to clarify the difference between redistricting and reapportionment, although the terms are often used interchangeably.
		Reapportionment refers to the allocation of seats among states for the House of Representatives.
		The committee responsible for reapportionment and redistricting is the Permanent Joint Legislative Committee on Reapportionment, adding somewhat to a confusion in use of terms.
	www.legislature.state.al.us /reapportionment/history.html (3925 words)

	United States congressional apportionment - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This number also determines the state's number of electors in presidential elections, which equals the size of their congressional delegation (House plus Senate).
		Reapportionment occurs every year ending in "1", the year after the decennial census.
		After seats have been reapportioned, each state determines the boundaries of Congressional districts within the state--geographical areas of approximately equal population--a process called redistricting.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/United_States_Congressional_Apportionment (1309 words)

	Procedures for Reapportionment
		The reapportionment committee shall consist of one municipal officer and one citizen at large from each member municipality, chosen by the municipal officers, and one director from each municipality, chosen by the board of directors.
		The reapportionment committee at its first meeting shall elect from its membership a chairman and a secretary and may adopt rules of procedure to expedite its business.
		The board of directors, during the reapportionment of its membership shall serve as legal representatives of the district until the reapportionment is completed.
	www.state.me.us /education/data/costsharing/ProceduresJuly2003.htm (865 words)

	Reapportionment of legislature: Jerrymander (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		After the 1972 reapportionment, living in the same house, I was twenty homes from the northern end of my Republican dominated district.
		The year 1981 was the first year the constitutional system to choose members of the reapportionment commission was used.
		Hodges, a staunch Republican, appointed four GOP activists to the reapportionment commission, not the least of whom was Bob Lee, who was one of the sharpest Republican strategists in Colorado's history.
	www.jerrykopel.com /b/Reapportionment-2001.htm (698 words)

	New York State Legislative Task Force on Demographic Research and Reapportionment
		The Task Force on Demographic Research and Reapportionment was established by Chapter 45 of the New York State Laws of 1978 to research and study the techniques and methodologies to be used by the U.S. Commerce Departments' bureau of the Census in carrying out the decennial federal census.
		The Task Force aids the Legislature by providing technical plans for meeting the requirements of legislative timetables for the reapportionment of Senate, Assembly and Congressional districts.
		It also conducts research projects relating to the collection and use of census data and other statistical information.
	www.latfor.state.ny.us (200 words)

	SOUTH CAROLINA GENERAL ASSEMBLY-LPITS Overview of House Reapportionment during the 1990's
		Based on these guidelines, many state legislatures began the reapportionment process after the 1990 census by drafting plans that increased the number of majority-minority districts in their states.
		In South Carolina, reapportionment bills were discussed during the 1990-1991 legislative session, but the General Assembly failed to pass a plan before adjourning in 1991.
		The Justice Department stated that "incumbency protection drove the (reapportionment) process" and that there were a number of areas where "disregard for fl electoral opportunity" precluded the plan from being free of discriminatory purpose and discriminatory effect.
	www.scstatehouse.net /reports/97reapp.htm (1425 words)

	United Jewish Org. of Williamsburgh v. Carey (1977) [75-104] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Congress provided in Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act that reapportionment plans of several states were to be submitted to the U.S. attorney general or the District Court of the District of Columbia for approval.
		Also, a reapportionment plan does not violate the same Amendments by using numerical quotas to establish a certain number of fl majority districts.
		The reapportionment did not underrepresent the whites relative to their share of the population.
	www.oyez.org /oyez/resource/case/396 (220 words)

	REAPPORTIONMENT (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Reapportionment ist die Neuverteilung der Sitze in einer Gesetzgebung zu den Regionen, von denen Gesetzgeber gewählt werden und folgt ändert in der Bevölkerung.
		In den Zuständen, in denen die Gesetzgebung verantwortlich für reapportionment ist, bildet die Möglichkeit von Gerrymandering häufig den Prozeß politisch streitsüchtig, besonders wenn die zwei Häuser der Gesetzgebung oder die Gesetzgebung und der Gouverneur, von den unterschiedlichen Beteiligten sind.
		Das Bundesgerichtshofsystem wird häufig in behebende Debatten über reapportionment Plänen miteinbezogen.
	www.faktedon.com /wiki/de/re/Reapportionment.htm (190 words)

	Daily Trojan - Vote change possibility for Senate (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Reapportionment, the process of finding how many students fall under each constituency and adjusting the number of representatives, must be discussed in the fall of even-numbered years, but action does not have to be taken.
		Collier authored both resolutions and said that the failed amendment calling for yearly reapportionment would ensure better representation for students because students move around and might not be served best by the current number of representatives per constituency.
		But the constitution does not limit Senate to discussing reapportionment only in even-numbered years, and because Senate does not have to take action on the issue, forcing it to be brought up every year would be a burden, said Mike Siciliano, a Greek senator, who voted against the resolution.
	www.dailytrojan.com /home/index.cfm?event=displayArticlePrinterFriendly&uStory_id=b02980ac-8ee2-4e18-89b6-771b9dcd5933 (409 words)

	Reapportionment
		There is a constitutional amendment creating a reapportionment commission and the charge to the committee is to develop the legislation and policy necessary to implement this amendment.
		Cochairman Deal moved and Representative Field seconded that the qualifications of the people eligible to serve as a reapportionment commission member must be a registered voter, have not been a lobbyist within the past year and cannot have served within two years as an elected official, elected legislative district, county, or state party officer.
		Their primary task is to come up with an reapportionment plan for the entire state and that means they will need to learn a lot about parts of the state they are not from.
	www3.state.id.us /legislat/reappor.html (7363 words)

	Order re Case No. 2002-0243 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The court’s primary consideration in adopting a reapportionment plan is that it satisfy the federal and state constitutional principle of one person/one vote.
		It may not be possible to consider other factors such as geographical contiguity, community of interest, or configuration of existing districts, or to give full effect to the constitutional provision relating to the division of towns, wards or places.
		If a reapportionment plan is validly enacted before the Court adopts a plan, the court will terminate this proceeding.
	www.nh.gov /judiciary/supreme/orders/r020243.htm (449 words)

	Franklin & Marshall - Reapportionment: An Insiders Game
		Reapportionment is the constitutionally required process in which the physical maps of legislative districts are redrawn.
		This makes reapportionment a zero sum game in Pennsylvania: The state as a whole loses influence relative to the rest of the country while within the state some counties and regions that are growing will gain influence at the expense of other portions of the state.
		Reapportionment, far from being unimportant, is perhaps the single most important recurring event in political life.
	www.fandm.edu /x3778.xml (897 words)

	The Erie County Legislature: Reapportionment Plan - Maps
		The purpose of reapportionment is to ensure that each and every voter in Erie County has equal representation.
		On February 28, 2002, the Erie County Legislature passed a reapportionment plan that included the reduction of two districts, lowering the number from 17 to 15.
		On Election Day, November 5, 2002, Erie County voters approved the 15-district reapportionment plan, which means that in the 2003 elections, voters will vote in 15 legislative races, for a 15-member Legislature to take office in January of 2004.
	www.erie.gov /legislature/reapportionment.asp (251 words)

	Procedures for Reapportionment
		The reapportionment committee at its first meeting shall elect from its membership a chairman and a secretary and may adopt rules of procedure to expedite its business.
		The reapportionment committee shall consider and by majority vote adopt a plan including the method of representation, total number of directors and number of directors representing each municipality or subdistrict;
		Within 90 days of the first meeting, the reapportionment committee shall send a report of their plan to the Commissioner for approval.
	www.maine.gov /education/data/costsharing/ProceduresJuly2003.htm (865 words)

	Fraud Factor - Redistricting, Gerrymander, Gerrymandering, Reapportionment, and Election Fraud
		After reapportionment, each state must perform redistricting, the process of re-drawing the election district boundary lines for each type of state or federal office (e.g., state senator, state assemblyman, congress representative, etc.) so that all districts for the same type of office have nearly identical voter population.
		The purpose of reapportionment and redistricting is to preserve the one voter-one vote fairness principle.
		The Census and redrawing of election district boundary lines is done every ten years as mandated by the U.S. Constitution to ensure fair and proper representation among the states in Congress, and to preserve the one voter-one vote fairness principle in the lower house of Congress and the state legislatures.
	www.fraudfactor.com /ffgerrymander.html (14064 words)

	Chapter 188 — Congressional and Legislative Districts; Reapportionment
		A reapportionment drafted by the Secretary of State was approved by the Supreme Court in In Re Legislative Apportionment, 228 Or.
		Pertinent sections of the reapportionment were compiled as 188.230 and 188.240.
		Pertinent sections of the reapportionment were compiled as 188.235 and 188.245.
	www.paperadvantage.org /ORS/188.html (1200 words)

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