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Topic: Rebellion Losses Bill

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Montreal Riots

Lord Elgin

James Bruce, 8th Earl of Elgin

Montreal Annexation Manifesto

John George Lambton, 1st Earl of Durham

Rebellions of 1837

Report on the Affairs of British North America (1839)

Chateau Clique

French Canadian

Upper Canada Rebellion

Robert Baldwin

Lower Canada

Upper Canada

Family Compact

Canada

	Rebellion Losses Bill - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Rebellion Losses Bill was a controversial law enacted by the legislature of the Province of Canada in 1849.
		The bill was enacted to compensate Lower Canadians who lost property during the Rebellions of 1837 and was modeled on similar measures which provided compensation in Upper Canada.
		The Tories' opposition to the bill was fierce.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Rebellion_Losses_Bill (664 words)

	Rebellion Losses Bill (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Rebellion Losses Bill, modelled on Upper Canadian legislation, was introduced by Louis LAFONTAINE in Feb 1849 to compensate Lower Canadians whose property had been damaged during the Rebellions of 1837-38 (totalling approximately £100,000).
		LaFontaine saw the bill as a symbolic means to heal the wounds of the rebellion and buttress French Canadian claims to equality and power in the Canadas by testing the strength of responsible government.
		The Tories saw the bill as a sign of French domination of the union and their own loss of power; they criticized it as payment for disloyalty.
	www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com /index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1ARTA0006707 (201 words)

	[No title]
		The unfortunate rebellions which were precipitated by Louis Joseph Papineau and William Lyon Mackenzie during 1837 in the two Canadas were the results of racial and political difficulties which had gradually arisen since the organization of the two provinces of Upper and Lower Canada under the Constitutional Act of 1791.
		The bill was carried in the assembly on March 9th by forty-seven votes against eighteen, and in the legislative council on the 15th, by fifteen against fourteen.
		During the passage of the bill its opponents deluged the governor-general with petitions asking him either to dissolve the legislature or to reserve the bill for the consideration of the imperial government.
	www.ibiblio.org /pub/docs/books/gutenberg/1/3/0/6/13066/13066.txt (11694 words)

	1849 British Debate on the Rebellion Losses Bill
		This would apply, of course, to all acts, whether they were for the appropriation of money or not; and therefore, from the passing of such a bill, of course the act would come into operation and would continue to have the force of law unless disallowed by her majesty.
		It is a bill of compensation for losses sustained by rebels.
		It is ill adapted where there is not the check of a house of lords, where the colonial assembly is small in point of numbers and may be therefore packed, as I have shown that the Canadian parliament is packed.
	www.ottres.ca /hconline/chapters/5/5docs/1849loss.html (1528 words)

	Responsible government - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		After Louis-Joseph Papineau's abortive Lower Canada Rebellion in 1837 and William Lyon Mackenzie's matching Upper Canada Rebellion, both of which lasted through the next year, Lord Durham was appointed governor general of British North America and given the task of examining the issues and determining how to defuse tensions.
		In his report, one of his recommendations was that colonies which were sufficiently developed should be granted "responsible government", a term which specifically meant the policy of British-appointed governors bowing to the will of elected colonial assemblies.
		In the Province of Canada responsible government was put to the test in 1849 when Reformers in the legislature passed the Rebellion Losses Bill, a law that provided compensation to [[llkliklinm,ki.government into Canadian politics.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Responsible_government (709 words)

	The Scot in British North America - Chapter V Canada from 1840 to 1867 Part C
		The Bill referred to had been framed in order to conciliate support from the French party; but so soon as the general election showed clearly enough that that hope was delusive, the new Opposition tacked its sails, and steered in another direction.
		The Bill passed in the Assembly by a vote of forty-seven to eighteen—and in the Council by twenty to fourteen.
		The Rebellion Losses Bill was a legacy left to his advisers by those who had recently retired; and, even had it been otherwise, his present Council had just achieved an overwhelming triumph at the polls, and been placed in power by an imperative mandate from the people.
	www.electricscotland.com /History/canada/scot/chapter19.htm (10834 words)

	The Canadian Dominion: A Chronicle Of Our Northern Neighbor Chapter III. The Union Era
		A confirming bill passed the British Parliament; and on February 10, 1841, the Union of Canada was proclaimed.
		The Governor was pelted with rotten eggs when he came down to the House to sign the bill, and the buildings where Parliament had met since 1844, when the capital had been transferred from Kingston to Montreal, were stormed and burned by a street mob.
		A bill providing for a compulsory levy was defeated in 1862, more on personal and party grounds than on its own merits, and the Ministry next in office took the other course of increasing the volunteer force and of providing for officers' training.
	www.history1700s.com /Page1745.shtml (9355 words)

	THE CANADIAN DOMINION A CHRONICLE OF OUR NORTHERN NEIGHBOR
		A bill passed the Assembly in 1824 legalizing such marriages in the past and giving the required authority for the future; and when it was rejected by the Legislative Council, resentment flamed high.
		Under the instructions of the Colonial Office, a remedial bill was introduced in the Legislative Council in 1827, but it was a grudging, halfway measure which the Assembly refused to accept.
		The sting of defeat, the failure of the Family Compact to carry out their eleventh hour promises of reform, and the passing of Lord John Russell's reactionary resolutions convinced a section of the Reform party, in Upper Canada as well as in Lower Canada, that an appeal to force was the only way out.
	www.corvalliscommunitypages.com /newsheadlines/cliqueleft.htm (19918 words)

	[No title]
		A Union Bill, framed under the supervision of Sir James Stuart, Chief Justice of Lower Canada, was forwarded to England, where, in a slightly modified form, it was passed by both Houses, and received the royal assent.
		Owing to a suspending clause in the Bill, it did not come into operation until the 10th of February, 1841, when, by virtue of the Governor-General's proclamation, the measure took effect, and the union of the Canadas was complete.
		Meanwhile the state of Lord Sydenham's health was such as to render his duties very difficult for him, and as the great object of his mission to Canada had been successfully accomplished, he resolved to return home at the close of the session.
	www.ibiblio.org /pub/docs/books/gutenberg/etext06/7cnn110.txt (21886 words)

	HCO 5. C. Rebellion of 1837 - Upper Canada - Timeline
		Mackenzie was later arrested and imprisoned for 18 months by US authorities for violating neutrality laws; in 1849, he was allowed to return to Canada under a general amnesty proclamation, and in 1851 he was elected to the Legislative Assembly of United Canada.
		May 29 1838 Wellesley Island, Ontario - Bill Johnston 1782-1870 and a band of rebels attack, loot and burn the Canadian steamboat Sir Robert Peel off Wellesley Island near French Creek in the Thousand Islands; rewards are offered for William Johnson of French Creek, New York, and Daniel McLeod, Samuel C.
		McLeod decides their plan is premature and might jeopardize the success of the general rising, planned for July 4th; dispatches Linus Miller to order the group to return to the US; they refuse and continue to gather new recruits.
	www.ottres.ca /hconline/chapters/5/5timeline.html (3717 words)

	LaFontaine, Sir Louis Hippolyte. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		After the rebellion, with Papineau in exile, LaFontaine became the accepted leader of the French Canadians and of the Reform party in Lower Canada.
		Sir Charles Bagot, as governor-general, recognized the powerful coalition formed by the French Canadians and the moderate reformers of Upper Canada led by Robert Baldwin and called into existence in 1842 the first Baldwin-LaFontaine ministry.
		The test of the latter was the Rebellion Losses Bill (1849), brought in by LaFontaine, to compensate persons in Lower Canada who had suffered property loss during the rebellion of 1837.
	www.bartleby.com /65/la/LaFontaL.html (277 words)

	John A. Macdonald
		It was the year before the rebellion of 1837; the condition of the whole country was very unsettled; and it seemed nearly impossible to reconcile differences arising from racial and political antagonisms.
		The mission of Lord Durham; the publication of his famous report; the union of the two Canadas; the administrations of Lord Sydenham, Sir Charles Bagot, and Sir Charles Metcalfe, filled the years immediately succeeding 1837 with intense political interest, and in their results have profoundly influenced the constitution of the British Empire.
		One of the first acts of the Reform government which succeeded that of which Macdonald was a member was to pass the Rebellion Losses Bill, made famous in colonial history by the fact that it brought to a crucial test the principle of responsible government.
	www.nndb.com /people/581/000092305 (2095 words)

	HISTORY OF THE TORONTO POLICE PART 1: 1834 - 1860
		Nonetheless, it is one of those historical paradoxes, that while the rebellion has been unfairly and so far universally dismissed by historians as a farcical comedic opera, its effect would resonate on politics and Toronto police policy for more than a decade to come.
		The Rebellion of 1837 and the subsequent incursion at Windsor in 1838, would transform the Toronto City Police into a strategic objective in the struggle between the Province and the Municipality.
		The specter of the 1837 Rebellion reappeared again in Toronto in 1849 with the introduction of the Rebellion Losses Bill and the return to the city of William Lyon Mackenzie.
	www.russianbooks.org /crime/cph3.htm (3614 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Rebellions of 1837
		It is famous as the scene of the last stand made by William Lyon Mackenzie and some of his fellow rebels in the Upper Canadian Rebellion of 1837.
		He studied law and medicine in England and served in the Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada (1824-30, 1836-37).
		A leader in the Reform party and a fomenter of the rebellion of 1837, he was not a participant in
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Rebellions+of+1837 (564 words)

	Sources of English Constitutional History: Chapter 132
		Wherever the aristocracy reside, receiving large incomes, performing important duties, relieving the poor by charity, and evincing private worth and public virtue, it is not in human nature that they should not possess a great influence upon public opinion and have an equal weight in electing persons to serve their country in parliament.
		What was meant by the people of England, when we spoke of the representation of the people of England in ancient times, consisted in the great corporate bodies and those great classes of the community to whom the franchise was entrusted and of whom the members sent to parliament were the representatives.
		But the word people was never used then as it was in the present bill — it was never used so as to mean £10 householders who had never hitherto possessed a right to that franchise which it was now proposed to give them.
	www.constitution.org /sech/sech_132.htm (7614 words)

	Canada in the Making - Specific Events & Topics
		Despite this, however, the violence and destruction caused by British forces and local volunteers in suppressing the rebellions would later lead many to demand compensation for their losses..
		The bill was passed, however, proving that responsible government was finally a reality in the province of Canada.
		The rebellions precipitated a royal commission, which was convened to investigate the factional strife in the Canadas.
	www.canadiana.org /citm/specifique/rebellions_e.html (1266 words)

	Canadian Geographic: Historical Maps
		In 1849, the government of Canada passed the Rebellion Losses Bill that would compensate Lower Canadians for land lost during the Rebellions of 1837: Series of conflicts in Upper and Lower Canada over discontent with British ruling class.')">Rebellions of 1837.
		The bill wasn't rescinded, but Parliament was moved, alternating between Quebec City and Toronto until its establishment in Ottawa on the last day of 1857.
		Rebellions of 1837: Series of conflicts in Upper and Lower Canada over discontent with British ruling class.
	www.canadiangeographic.ca /mapping/mappingcanada/1849.asp (692 words)

	Responsible Government
		That discontent erupted in Lower and Upper Canada in the rebellions of 1837.
		After the rebellions had been thoroughly suppressed, the British government sent Lord Durham to Canada to investigate the causes of the uprisings.
		In 1849, their reform-minded assembly passed a bill recommending compensation to those who had suffered damage in the rebellions of 1837.
	www.histori.ca /minutes/minute.do?id=10141 (511 words)

	Canada in the Making - Constitutional History
		This section deals with the period after the rebellions in 1837 and 1838.
		The terms were decidedly unfair to Lower Canada: it was expected to help pay Upper Canada's £1.2 million debt (it had very little), and held it to fifty percent of the seats in the new Assembly despite having a much larger population.
		The Rebellion Losses Bill sought to compensate those in what had been Lower Canada for damages that resulted from the rebellions.
	www.canadiana.org /citm/themes/constitution/constitution11_e.html (954 words)

	IGN Boards - Rebellion (a hopefully very funny fanfic)
		Bill : This is Bill Grey, Bulldog unit, Bolse please respond, over.
		Bill heads towards the Great Fox but is cut off by an advance patrol.
		Although Bill’s C-1 fighters are no match for Here’s A.S. 29’s, he and his men put up a valiant fight, dodging, returning fire, dogfighting like they never have before.
	boards.ign.com /Super_Smash_Bros_/b5213/31558499 (2282 words)

	Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine, Sir Biography \| Encyclopedia of World Biography
		As leader of the French-Canadian group in the administration, it fell to Lafontaine to introduce the most controversial bill of the 1849 session, the Rebellion Losses Bill.
		This measure compensated property owners for damages resulting from the 1837 rebellion, a purpose which made it anathema to the "loyal" English-speaking population of Canada East.
		When Elgin assented to the bill, riots broke out in Montreal; Lafontaine was vilified, his house attacked, and his law library burned.
	www.bookrags.com /biography/louis-hippolyte-lafontaine-sir (616 words)

	Topic 2: Political Changes After 1840 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		, which would compensate persons who had suffered property damage in Lower Canada during the rebellion, was approved by the executive council (cabinet) and passed by the legislative assembly.
		Lord Elgin, although personally against the bill, signed it on the grounds that under responsible government he was bound to follow the advice of the executive council.
		To show their displeasure English Tories, who were against the principles of responsible government and against the Rebellion Losses Bill, burned down the Parliament buildings in Montreal.
	www.lbpsb.qc.ca /~history/mod4u3polrg.html (178 words)

	Letters and Journals of James, Eighth Earl of Elgin
		But no losses more appeal at the moment to the heart of the country, no careers deserve to be more carefully enshrined in its grateful remembrance.
		Stanley's Bill of 1843 attracted all the produce of the West to the St. Lawrence, and fixed all the disposable capital of the province in grinding mills, warehouses, and forwarding establishments.
		Peel's Bill of 1846 drives the whole of the produce down the New York channels of communication, destroying the revenue which Canada expected to derive from canal dues, and ruining at once mill-owners, forwarders, and merchants.
	manybooks.net /support/j/jamese/jamese10611061010610-8.exp.html (15142 words)

	Historical Summary - Canada
		Great Britain's response is to openly reject responsible government in the colonies, and MacKenzie and his supporters begin speaking out for rebellion and drawing large crowds.
		Rebels of ten years past are granted amnesty by the Queen, and the Rebellion Losses Bill causes such furore among defeated Tories, mobs burn the Assembly, and the government is temporarily moved to Toronto.
		The Fugitive Slave bill of 1850 makes Canada more attractive to escapees, and their testimony leads people like George Brown to support the Anti-Slavery Society.
	www1.xe.net /~mbone/webtree/history-ca.htm (3007 words)

	British Empire: The Map Room: North America: Canada
		Clothed as he was with large powers, he undertook in the interests of leniency and reconciliation to banish, without trial, some leaders of the rebellion in Lower Canada.
		The French were suspicious of the Union, aimed avowedly at checking their influence, and the complete self-government for which the Reformers in English speaking Canada had clamoured was not yet conceded by the colonial office.
		The issue was finally settled in 1849 when the Earl of Elgin was governor and the Canadian legislature, sitting at Montreal, passed by a large majority the Rebellion Losses Bill, compensating citizens, some of them French, in Lower Canada, for losses incurred at the hands of the loyal party during the rebellion a decade earlier.
	www.britishempire.co.uk /maproom/canada.htm (3614 words)

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