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Topic: Receptor (biology)

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	Receptor Mediated Endocytosis
		Receptor mediated endocytosis is a process by which cells internalize molecules or viruses.
		Receptors are brought to the plasma membrane by vesicles from the trans region of the Golgi complex.
		Receptors are moving in the plane of the membrane as long as the temperature is 37 C. In the presentation on Membrane fluidity, we talked about photobleaching with a laser beam.
	cellbio.utmb.edu /cellbio/recend.htm (1989 words)

	Nuclear Receptor Biology Program
		Among these, receptors for steroid hormones play a critical role in both reproductive development and the initiation and progression of prostate (androgen receptors), female reproductive and mammary cancers (estrogen and progesterone receptors).
		Baylor College of Medicine is internationally recognized as a premier center of excellence in nuclear receptor biology with over 20 NIH-funded faculty devoted to dissecting the molecular mechanisms of action of nuclear receptors.
		A major goal of the nuclear receptor effort is to develop an integrated program whose major theme is focused on dissecting the roles of both steroid and non-steroid nuclear receptors in molecular carcinogenesis.
	www.bcm.edu /cancercenter/programs/nuclearreceptor.htm (256 words)

	Receptor Biology Laboratory
		Receptors are nature's transducers—they detect circulating hormones or substances released by nerve activity and elicit a biological response.
		Receptors bind nerve-released substances and open a tiny pore in the cell membrane through which ions flow to create an electrical impulse.
		Our research aims to clarify the atomic-scale workings of synaptic receptors, not only because they are critical for cell-cell communication, but also because their structures are altered in neurological diseases and they are targets for therapeutic drugs.
	mayoresearch.mayo.edu /mayo/research/receptor_biology/index.cfm (223 words)

	Molecular Biology, Pharmacology, and Brain Distribution of Subtypes of the Muscarinic Receptor
		It was shown subsequently that pirenzepine bound with high affinity to a subclass of the muscarinic receptor that was abundant in the cerebrum and in peripheral ganglia, whereas it displayed intermediate binding affinity for receptors in exocrine glands and low affinity for receptors in the heart (34, 35).
		The results of studies in which the individual receptor genes were transfected into cells previously lacking muscarinic receptors have demonstrated that the M1, M3, and M5 subtypes stimulate phosphoinositide hydrolysis, whereas activation of the M2 and M4 subtypes causes a pertussis-toxin-sensitive inhibition of adenylate cyclase (1, 44, 46, 53, 61).
		The identification of the major receptor subtype in a given tissue does not constitute proof that this is the subtype which mediates the response of the tissue.
	www.acnp.org /g4/GN401000010/CH010.html (7823 words)

	Receptor mediated endocytosis II
		The receptor may be recycled to the surface by vesicles that bud from the endosome and then target the plasma membrane.
		In many cases, the receptor is sent back to the plasma membrane after a transport vesicle buds from the endosome.
		To review, after the ligand and receptors are collected in the coated pits, which then form coated vesicles, the clathrin coat is removed and the vesicle fuses with forming endosomes.
	cellbio.utmb.edu /cellbio/recend2.htm (2596 words)

	Receptor Cell Biology Section, LABORATORY OF ALLERGIC DISEASES, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		To do that, NK cells express inhibitory receptors that are engaged by ligands expressed on normal cells and are downregulated or absent in viral infected and transformed cells.
		We have published that the inhibitory NK receptor CD94/NKG2A is internalized and continuously recycles between the plasma membrane and the cytoplasm.
		We are interested in the characterization of the mechanisms that regulate receptor endocytosis and the locations whereby the receptor is recycling through the cell, the membrane dynamics of the receptor and in the visualization of the inhibitory signal generated from CD94/NKG2A.
	www.niaid.nih.gov /dir/labs/lad/borrego.htm (806 words)

	Molecular Biology of the Dopamine Receptor Subtypes
		Pharmacologically, the hallmark of the D1 receptor is to bind the benzazepine antagonist SCH 23390, while that of the D2 receptor is to recognize with high affinity the butyrophenones: spiperone and haloperidol.
		These putative receptors were expressed by DNA transfection and were shown to bind D1 receptor ligands and to stimulate adenylyl cyclase activity, the two hallmarks of the D1 receptor.
		Furthermore, the D3 and D4 receptors are found predominantly in the limbic system and are relatively absent in the nigrostriatal system, and thus are associated preferentially with the etiology of psychoses instead of locomotion dysfunctions.
	www.acnp.org /G4/GN401000014/CH014.html (3591 words)

	Hai-Long Wang
		Congential myasthenic syndrome caused by decreased agonist binding affinity due to a mutation in the acetylcholine receptor e subunit.
		Congenital myasthenic syndromes due to heteroallelic nonsense/missense mutations in the acetylcholine receptor e subunit gene: identification and functional characterization of six new mutations.
		Mutation in the M1 domain of the acetylcholine receptor a subunit decreases the rate of agonist dissociation.
	mayoresearch.mayo.edu /mayo/research/receptor_biology/wang.cfm (836 words)

	Molecular Biology of the Androgen Receptor -- Gelmann 20 (13): 3001 -- Journal of Clinical Oncology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		to glucocorticoid receptor, and 56% identical to estrogen receptor-alpha.
		hormone receptor to be translocated to the nucleus.
		Dahlman-Wright K, Wright A, Gustafsson JA, et al: Interaction of the glucocorticoid receptor DNA-binding domain with DNA as a dimer is mediated by a short segment of five amino acids.
	www.jco.org /cgi/content/full/20/13/3001 (8907 words)

	Cell and Developmental Biology
		Members of the nuclear receptor superfamily consist of ligand-dependent transcriptional factors that regulate development, cell growth, apoptosis and differentiation, and include steroid hormone and retinoid receptors, and orphan receptors for which the ligand has yet to be discovered.
		The function of retinoid receptor signaling pathways in the control of this differentiation process by retinoids and the molecular defects in retinoid signaling pathways observed in carcinoma cells, are being studied.
		These receptors, when activated by the appropriate ligands, both activate and repress the transcription of subsets of genes in target cells which results in altered gene expression and altered function.
	www.niehs.nih.gov /external/fellows/celldev.htm (6059 words)

	NRR Positions Available
		A postdoctoral fellow position is available within the Nuclear Receptor Platform Group for an individual with a background in nuclear receptor biology or transcriptional regulation.
		A postdoctoral position in the field of structure-function relationships in nuclear receptors is available beginning in the spring of 2002.
		This is an NHMRC funded positions with the aim of investigating (i) the physiological role of nuclear receptors in mammalian differentiation and structure/function aspects of the Rev-erb gene family.
	nrr.georgetown.edu /nrr/jobs/jobs_open.html (608 words)

	NIEHS LRDT
		First, the structural basis of ligand interactions with the estrogen receptor is investigated in order to more fully understand the importance of the ligand binding to nuclear estrogen receptor interactions and its role in stimulating estrogenic responses.
		Finally, the group is investigating the expression of uterine estrogen responses and evaluating the possible coupling of other signal transduction mechanisms such as growth factors and their involvement in the mechanism of uterine stimulation to aid in determining an overall understanding of estrogen hormonal tissue responses.
		AF-2 knock-in mutation of estrogen receptor alpha: Cre-loxP excision of a PGK-neo cassette from the 3' UTR.
	dir.niehs.nih.gov /dirlrdt/home.htm (4520 words)

	Receptor Biology Unit
		The main focus of her laboratory is the study of neurotransmitter receptor expression and targeting to the synapse.
		Although glutamate acts as a neurotransmitter in all pathways of the central nervous system, the response to glutamate is not uniform at all glutamatergic synapses and varies with the type of glutamate receptor expressed on the postsynaptic membrane.
		My laboratory characterizes the molecular mechanisms underlying neurotransmitter receptor transport and localization at the synapse using several research strategies which include (1) defining sorting motifs present in neurotransmitter receptor cytosolic domains, (2) isolating neurotransmitter receptor-associated proteins, and (3) determining the role of protein-protein interactions in trafficking and specific synapse localization.
	www.ninds.nih.gov /find_people/labs/407.htm (429 words)

	UPHS: News and Periodicals: Platelet Receptor Biology is Key to Fighting Heart Disease (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		When bound to these receptors, the drug keeps fibrinogen -- a protein found in the blood -- from adhering to platelets, thereby preventing the formation of platelet thrombi, which can cause arterial blockage.
		The lab of Joel Bennett, M.D., a professor of medicine, has been working on the molecular biology of the IIb/IIIa receptor for the last 20 years.
		His labs discovery of the receptor, its amino acid sequence, and how it works in conjunction with proteins like fibrinogen laid the groundwork for these recent clinical advances.
	www.uphs.upenn.edu /news/News_Releases/june98/platelet.shtml (361 words)

	Current projects
		In addition, we are cloning the human and mouse versions of this receptor in order to study its physiological function and regulation of its expression.
		We have cloned and are currently characterising a placental G protein-coupled receptor that is similar to the receptors for LH and FSH.
		Lastly, we are investigating the structural basis of HIV recognition by the chemokine receptor CCR5, which is a G protein-coupled receptor and found to be a necessary co-receptor in HIV infection.
	www.mrc.ac.za /endocrinology/projects.htm (268 words)

	Senomyx: News: News Archives: June 1, 2001 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Based on the results reported in the Genome Biology article, the Company believes only the 347 receptor genes identified are functional and therefore relevant to smell, and the remainder of the olfactory receptor genes are non-functional pseudogenes.
		Of the 347 functional olfactory receptor genes identified, approximately 250 were discovered by Senomyx scientists and about 100 were previously reported in public sequence databases as olfactory receptors.
		Senomyx is incorporating receptor biology, combinatorial chemistry, high-throughput screening and bioinformatics into an integrated technology platform designed to enable the rapid, efficient discovery of new and improved proprietary molecules.
	www.senomyx.com /news/news_060101.htm (620 words)

	Wells' Lab Publications
		Epidermal growth factor receptor- mediated cell motility: Phospholipase C activity is required, but MAP kinase activity is not sufficient for induced cell motility.
		EGF receptor activation of calpain is required for fibroblast motility and occurs via and ERK/MAP kinase signaling pathway.
		Mitogenic signaling from the EGF receptor is attenuated by a phospholipase C-g/protein kinase C feedback mechanism.
	path.upmc.edu /divisions/wells-lab/labpubs.html (1338 words)

	Novel insights into histamine H2 receptor biology -- Del Valle and Gantz 273 (5): 987 -- AJP - Gastrointestinal and ...
		Histamine receptors in adipose tissue: involvement of cyclic adenosine monophosphate and the H
		receptor: roles of aspartic acid 107, asparagine 198, and threonine 194.
		receptor antagonists on melanogenesis and cellular proliferation in melanoma cells in culture.
	ajpgi.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/273/5/G987 (5231 words)

	Receptor Biology Unit - Publications
		Kim, C.H., Braud, S., Isaac, J.T.R., and Roche, K.W. PKC phosphorylation of the metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR5 on serine 839 regulates Ca2+ oscillations, J. Biol.
		Lavezzari, G., McCallum, J., Dewey, C. M., and Roche, K.W. Subunit-Specific Regulation of NMDA Receptor Endocytosis, Journal of Neuroscience 24(28), 6383-91.
		Lavezzari, G., McCallum, J., Lee, R., and Roche, K.W. Differential binding of the AP-2 adaptor complex and PSD-95 to the C-terminus of the NMDA receptor subunit NR2B regulates surface expression, Neuropharmacology 45, 729-737.
	intra.ninds.nih.gov /Publications.asp?People_ID=776 (275 words)

	The SA-MRC/UK-MRC Transnational Research Group in Molecular Reproductive Endocrinology
		The MRC Research Group for Receptor Biology has two major complementary research themes, the structure, function and theoretical pharmacology of G protein-coupled receptors and the role and regulation of G protein-coupled receptors in reproductive health and disease.
		Presently, we are studying the regulation of this receptor at the transcriptional and protein levels.
		We have embarked on a study aimed at understanding the role of cycloogenases and prostaglandins in carcinoma of cervical cancer as a basis for development of better treatment to this disease which is wide spread in South African women.
	web.uct.ac.za /depts/mbi/groupkatz.htm (812 words)

	Basic Biology of Estrogen Receptor and Gene Expression (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The alpha form of the estrogen receptor appears to interact less selectively with environmental chemicals than with endogenous hormones, while the beta form has a higher affinity for these compounds.
		Second, the properties of the estrogen receptor protein are analyzed to determine what processes are involved in its activation and its role in mediating biological responses.
		Finally, the uterine estrogen responses are being examined and the possible coupling of other signal transduction mechanisms such as growth factors and their involvement in the mechanism of uterine and mammarystimulation are being evaluated.
	dir.niehs.nih.gov /dirover/bcancer/bcancer07.htm (241 words)

	Newly Discovered Genetic Disease Sheds Light On Body's Water Balance
		Neither patient was producing measurable levels of vasopressin, yet the V2 receptor on cells in the collecting duct of the kidneys remained activated as if it was binding to the hormone.
		The V2 receptor has been widely studied as an example of a large family of proteins called G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR), which are involved in signal transduction and are responsible for many physiological processes.
		To test the hypothesis that V2 receptors were active in their patients even though vasopressin was absent, Feldman developed an assay for receptor activity.
	www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2005/05/050504225354.htm (1782 words)

	CAMB: Faculty: Rebecca Wells
		We have previously demonstrated that the role of this receptor varies depending on cell type specific glycosaminoglycan modifications.
		We are currently determining the nature of the glycosaminoglycan modifications of this protein in different cell types, and are studying the mechanisms whereby these modifications vary from cell type to cell type and differentially affect TGF-ß signaling.
		We are particularly interested in the effect of these different processes on cell surface receptor numbers, and on the signaling specificity that may result from different receptor numbers.
	www.med.upenn.edu /camb/faculty/cbp/wells.html (432 words)

	INABIS '98 - Interleukin 5 Receptor Biology
		In line with such specific role, expression of the interleukin 5 receptor alpha-subunit is restricted to eosinophils and basophils in man. In the mouse, B1-cell-specific expression is also observed.
		Expression levels in eosinophilic cell types appear to be determined by a combination of (i) the use of a composite promoter, and (ii) controlled alternative splicing.
		Our results indicate ligand-dependent control of receptor expression, which may have general importance in understanding cytokine receptor regulation, and suggest a potential therapeutic intervention target.
	www.mcmaster.ca /inabis98/denburg/tavernier0544 (263 words)

	The Open Door Web Site : Biology : Chemicals : Emitter and Receptor Organs
		In vertebrates the gland is either located somewhere on the head or near the openings of the sex organs at the rear of the animal.
		Larger invertebrates have chemical receptors in various parts of their bodies.
		Spiders have chemical receptors at the tips of their legs while most crustacea have them on their mouthparts, tail and antennae, as well as on their legs.
	www.saburchill.com /chapters/chap0075.html (472 words)

	Receptor Cell Biology Section, LABORATORY OF ALLERGIC DISEASES, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		NK cells express a large variety of “activation” receptors for recognizing potential target cells; many of these receptors recognize ligands on normal cells.
		Cell biology of NK-receptor trafficking focusing on common and distinguishing features of activation and inhibitory receptors.
		Interplay of receptor trafficking and signaling in mast cells.
	www.niaid.nih.gov /dir/labs/lad/coligan.htm (684 words)

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