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Topic: Recidivism

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	Recidivism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Recidivism is the act of a person repeating an undesirable behavior after they have either experienced negative consequences of that behavior, or have been treated or trained to extinguish that behavior.
		For example, scientific literature may refer to the recidivism of sexual offenders, meaning the frequency with which they are detected or apprehended committing additional sexual crimes after being released from prison for similar crimes.
		Some observers now view the treatment of recidivism, especially with respect to criminal offenders who are at risk of re-incarceration, as being a Mental Health issue rather than a "crime" issue for which Choice Theory based programs may be highly effective.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Recidivism (208 words)

	Recidivism -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Recidivism is the phenomenon of a person repeating an undesirable behavior after they have either experienced negative consequences of that behavior, or have been treated or trained to extinguish that behavior.
		For example, scientific literature may refer to the recidivism of sexual offenders, meaning the frequency with which they commit additional sexual crimes after being released from prison for similar crimes.
		As another example, alcoholic recidivism might refer to the number of people who, after successful treatment by (An international organization that provides a support group for persons trying to overcome alcoholism) Alcoholics Anonymous, return to the abuse of alcohol.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/r/re/recidivism.htm (129 words)

	[No title]
		Recidivism rates at different lengths of time after release Within the first 6 months of their release, 29.9% of the 272,111 offenders were rearrested for a felony or serious misdemeanor.
		Recidivism rate according to demographic characteristics Gender Men were more likely than women to be -- rearrested (68.4% versus 57.6%) reconvicted (47.6% versus 39.9%) resentenced to prison for a new crime (26.2% versus 17.3%) returned to prison with or without a new prison sentence (53.0% versus 39.4%).
		Recidivism rates did not differ significantly among those released after serving 6 months or less (66.0%), those released after 7 to 12 months (64.8%), those released after 13 to 18 months (64.2%), those released after 19 to 24 months (65.4%), and those released after 25 to 30 months (68.3%).
	www.ojp.usdoj.gov /bjs/pub/ascii/rpr94.txt (7336 words)

	CSOM Publications - Recidivism of Sex Offenders (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		In comparing the results of various recidivism studies, one should not lose sight of the issues of comparable study samples, criteria for recidivism, the length of the follow-up period, information sources utilized to estimate risk of reoffense, and the likelihood that recidivism rates are underestimated.
		In their summary of the research on the recidivism of rapists, Quinsey, Lalumiere, Rice, and Harris (1995) noted that the significant variation in recidivism across studies of rapists is likely due to differences in the types of offenders involved (e.g., institutionalized offenders, mentally disordered offenders, or probationers) or in the length of the follow-up period.
		The rate of recidivism for nonsexual violent offenses was 22.1 percent for rapists and 9.9 percent for child molesters, while the recidivism rate for any reoffense for rapists was 46.2 percent and 36.9 percent for child molesters over a four to five year period.
	www.csom.org /pubs/recidsexof.html (8771 words)

	ABOUT RECIDIVISM
		The authors conclude to a mean recidivism percentage of 13.4% for sexual offenders, which is lower than the mean overall recidivism percentage for all offenders.
		Sexual offense recidivism was best predicted by measures of sexual deviancy (e.g., deviant sexual preferences, prior sexual offenses) and, to a lesser extent, by general criminological factors (e.g., age, total prior offenses).
		The predictors of nonsexual violent recidivism and general (any) recidivism were similar to those predictors found among nonsexual criminals (e.g., prior violent offenses, age, juvenile delinquency).
	www.ipce.info /ipceweb/Library/about_recidivism.htm (1988 words)

	IPT Journal - "Assessing Violent Recidivism in Sexual Offenders"
		The base rate for sexual recidivism for certain offenders is high enough that an actuarial prediction method can improve the accuracy of prediction when the definition of recidivism is in keeping with the sexual offender commitment laws.
		In addition, the figures of 39% and 52% are estimates from the survival analysis; the percentage of new offenses at the end of the study period (25 years) was 26% for rapists and 32% for child molesters.
		Some factors that clinicians have assumed to be related to sexual offense recidivism, such as denial of the sex offense, empathy for victims, a history of being sexually abused as a child, and general psychological problems were not found to predict sexual offense recidivism (Hanson and Bussière 1996, 1998).
	www.ipt-forensics.com /journal/volume10/j10_6.htm (4047 words)

	NIH Guide: EFFECTIVENESS OF STRATEGIES FOR PREVENTING DUI RECIDIVISM
		Since the objective of this research endeavor is to prevent DUI recidivism, the critical target population is that group of people who have already been arrested or apprehended for committing DUI, and the proposed interventions must show promise of preventing (or reducing) their drinking, their driving, or the combination of these behaviors.
		The risk of recidivism varies across the heterogeneous DUI offender population, depending on such factors as the frequency of driving after drinking, number of prior DUI offenses, and the offender's age, sex, ethnicity, and history of alcohol-related problems.
		For example, a NHTSA study found that recidivism rates one year after sentencing were 33 percent lower for the experimental subjects sentenced to home detention and electronic monitoring (6 percent) than for those of individuals in a control group (4 percent).
	grants.nih.gov /grants/guide/pa-files/PAS-99-023.html (5065 words)

	John Howard Society of Alberta - Sex Offender Recidivism - page 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Recidivism is defined as being charged with the commission of a new offence.
		Recidivism rates vary by the time frame being looked at and by the type of sexual offending.
		In addition, the long-term follow-up study (15-30 years) of child molesters showed that the average recidivism rate for this group of offenders is actually lower than the average recidivism rate for non-sexual offenders (61% versus 83.2% respectively for any new conviction).
	www.johnhoward.ab.ca /docs/sxoffend/page1.htm (308 words)

	Recidivism Among the Customers of Female Street Prostitutes: Do Intervention Programs Help?
		In other words, recidivism rates may be low because many of the men caught in sweeps are not regular users or because the arrest gives them insight into law enforcement strategies that reduces the likelihood that they will be rearrested, even if they continue to patronize prostitutes.
		Another possible explanation for low recidivism rates among both the men who attended the SEEP program and those who did not is that the arrest itself may serve as a deterrent.
		Extremely low rates of recidivism for both those attending the SEEP program and those not attending mean that recidivism is not a valid indicator of effectiveness for such programs.
	wcr.sonoma.edu /v3n2/monto.html (3030 words)

	CBS News \| Time To End Recidivism \| March 9, 2005 14:00:04
		Recidivism is a significant issue, and if we want to achieve long-term reductions in crime it must be addressed.
		A 2002 federal study showed that the recidivism rate of prisoners released in 1994 was 5 percent higher than of prisoners released in 1983.
		While we have made enormous gains in reducing crime on the street, we have not progressed at all in stopping those who are released from prison from committing new offenses.
	www.cbsnews.com /stories/2005/03/09/opinion/main679042.shtml (997 words)

	Religious Programs, Institutional Adjustment, and Recidivism Among Former Inmates in Prison Fellowship Programs
		PF and non-PF inmates are similar on measures of institutional adjustment, as measured by both general and serious prison infractions, and recidivism, as measured by arrests during a one-year follow-up period.
		Though the choice of 31 as the cutoff age was a function of the age distribution of the two samples (31 is the median age for both groups), parameter estimates vary minimally with variation in that age breakpoint.
		Though survival analysis is a common feature in recidivism studies, we could not use such an analysis here because of (1) the small number of rearrested offenders in the high participation category and (2) the observation that those few who were rearrested happened to be arrested almost immediately after release.
	www.leaderu.com /humanities/johnson.html (6193 words)

	Forensic Glossary - R
		However the prediction of recidivism appears semantically broader and may well encompass violence and dangerousness, but may also include the transgression of other codes of law such as, arson, robbery, etc. When the criminal event is clearly delineated, then the action of the prediction rates are more meaningful" (Mason, 1999, p.
		"recidivism of psychiatric patients is an average of at least one admission per year since the patient's first admission, with no less than 15 admissions" (Geller, 1986).
		Recidivism is defined as the habitual or chronic relapse into crime" (Webster's Dictionary, 1990, p.
	www.forensiceducation.com /sourcebooks/glossary/r.htm (2493 words)

	Recidivism Rates in Juvenile Versus Criminal Court
		In Minnesota, Podkopacz and Feld (1996) found higher recidivism rates for transferred juveniles as compared to nontransferred juveniles, and an older study (White 1985, cited in Howell 1996) found that serious juvenile offenders recidivated 150% more often when handled in the criminal justice system as compared to the juvenile justice system.
		Recidivism rates and time to re-offending were higher for the transferred juveniles across 7 offense types (ranging from violent felonies to minor misdemeanors).
		The 138 juveniles judicially transferred were rearrested more quickly upon their return to the community (although those incarcerated for longer time periods had lower recidivism upon release than those incarcerated for shorter periods) as compared to those juveniles retained in the juvenile system during the same time period.
	www.ilppp.virginia.edu /Juvenile_Forensic_Fact_Sheets/Fact_Sheets/RecidRates.html (1258 words)

	Recidivism of Adult Felons
		We also examined whether recidivism was related to the specific crimes for which convicted felons were imprisoned or sentenced to probation.
		We found that recidivism rates were: (1) lower among older offenders, (2) somewhat higher among men than women, and (3) highest among fl offenders and lowest among white offenders.
		Although we found that Minnesota's recidivism rates are within the broad range of rates reported in other studies, it is not reassuring that nearly two-thirds of released prisoners and nearly half of felony probationers were rearrested for felonies or gross misdemeanors within three years.
	www.auditor.leg.state.mn.us /Ped/1997/felon97.htm (3214 words)

	Correctional Service of Canada - Sex Offender Assessment, Treatment and Recidivism: A Literature Review
		Not surprisingly, the predictors of nonsexual recidivism (violent and nonviolent) are similar to those recidivism predictors found among nonsexual criminals (Hanson and Bussière, 1996; Motiuk and Brown, 1996; Rice et al., 1990).
		There is a significant body of research demonstrating that sexual recidivism is well predicted by number of prior sexual offences and deviant sexual arousal (Hanson and Bussière, 1996; Motiuk and Brown, 1996; Prentky, Knight, and Lee, in press; Quinsey, et al., 1995).
		Finally, it is noteworthy that sexual recidivism is also predicted, to a lesser extent, by some of the same variables that predict reoffending in samples of nonsexual offenders.
	www.csc-scc.gc.ca /text/rsrch/reports/r48/r48e_e.shtml (15863 words)

	Dictionary.com/Word of the Day: recidivism
		Atrens's basic argument is that it's physiologically almost impossible for many people to lose weight, as evidenced by a high recidivism rate and the unflagging profitability of diet paraphernalia, from liquid concoctions to surgeons' staples.
		I was engaged in a major research project that involved twenty-six countries, studying how to prevent recidivism in juvenile delinquents released from prison.
		Recidivism derives from Latin recidivus, "falling back," from recidere, "to fall back," from re-, "back" + cadere, "to fall." One who relapses or who is an incorrigible criminal is a recidivist.
	dictionary.reference.com /wordoftheday/archive/2003/10/25.html (161 words)

	Recidivism Measures (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Generally, recidivism has been measured as arrest, conviction, or imprisonment during a specified period of time following release from correctional custody.
		Consistent with most contemporary recidivism research, this study analyzes the length of time to recidivism and the patterns in that time to failure for the treatment and control groups.
		Likewise, the recidivism measures used in this study are adjusted to exclude not at risk time.
	www.dc.state.fl.us /pub/recidivismFSU/measures.html (321 words)

	Browse the Digital Resource Library (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Recidivism as "measured as any arrest for a serious offense resulting in the filing of a charge" is reported on a national level for drug court graduates (p.
		Recidivism, as measured by any new conviction for an offense committed within two years of release from prison, for three cohorts is investigated.
		A document discussing the "wide-ranging definitions of recidivism, how recidivism relates to the escalating prison population, and an evaluation of the factors that influence outcomes for released offenders" is available at this website (p.
	www.nicic.org /BrowseTheLibrary/Topic474.htm (472 words)

	Volume 1, Number 2, 1989 - Using Risk Assessments to Reduce Recidivism
		The overall finding suggests; for purposes of the accurate prediction of recidivism, that the important information is not risk at intake but risk later in the sentence.
		In order to appreciate the risk principle, and to avoid the errors just reviewed, the recidivism rates of probationers in the regular and amplified programs must be compared directly, and these comparisons are made separately for lower and higher risk probationers.
		The recidivism rates of higher risk cases in amplified supervision was nearly half that of the higher risk cases on regular supervision.
	www.csc-scc.gc.ca /text/pblct/forum/e012/e012j_e.shtml (4385 words)

	Correctional Industries -- Breaking the cycle of recidivism
		In Washington State, approximately one third of all inmates released will recidivate — commit a new crime or violate conditions of their release — within five years and be back inside the correctional system.
		Breaking the cycle of recidivism has a huge impact on the cost of corrections.
		A 13% reduction in the rate of recidivism translates to a cumulative cost avoiding of over $60 million by the year 2001.
	www.washingtonci.com /welcome/breaking_cycle.asp (196 words)

	The Effects of Prison Sentences on Recidivism
		Fifty studies dating from 1958 involving 336,052 offenders produced 325 correlations between recidivism and (a) length of time in prison and recidivism or (b) serving a prison sentence vs. receiving a community-based sanction.
		These authors provided narrative reviews of studies which compared the recidivism rates of offenders who were incarcerated for differing lengths of time as well as offenders incarcerated vs. those sentenced to a community sanction.
		Arguably, increases in recidivism of even a "fractional" amount are not fiscally responsible, especially given the high incarceration rates currently in vogue in North America.
	www.prisonsucks.com /scans/e199912.htm (9297 words)

	© Knowledge Solutions LLC 1996 - 2002 / Dangerousness: Predicting Recidivism in Violent Sex Offenders, by Brent E. ...
		This time with a sample of child molesters, he demonstrated that "...sex with children was the most highly related to victim damage...compared to others, subjects who had injured their victims engaged in violence or sadism during the rape, showed little sexual interest in adults and a lot of interest in coercive sex with children"(Quinsey[9]).
		The recidivism of 136 extrafamilial child molesters was determined on an average of a 6.3 year follow-up.
		On the question of recidivism of psychopaths, the author recalls a course as a Psychology undergraduate taught by a retired psychotherapist.
	www.corpus-delicti.com /danger.html (4077 words)

	The Daily, Wednesday, October 23, 2002. Pilot analysis of recidivism among convicted youth and young adults
		Six out of every 10 convicted offenders aged 18 to 25 in 1999/2000 had at least one previous conviction, either in adult court since 1994/95 or in youth court since 1991/92, according to a new pilot study of court-based recidivism in seven provinces and two territories.
		Consequently, using convictions within the same jurisdictions only to define recidivism, this pilot study provides a lower bound estimate of the extent of repeat criminal acts by offenders.
		Further, this study does not identify offenders with prior convictions who did not have at least one conviction in 1999/2000 nor those who may have been found guilty in a different province or territory.
	www.statcan.ca /Daily/English/021023/d021023i.htm (585 words)

	News & Noteworthy: Articles Concerning Sex Offender Issues: Recidivism
		The length of the at-risk period was sufficient to analyze the effect of follow-up duration on recidivism rates and to compare the rates of reoffense over time for the two subgroups of offenders." (pg 637) However, we don't know the exact at-risk period chosen.
		Illinois was one of the 15 states reporting, yet we have seen that Illinois reports a far higher recidivism rate to its' public than it reported to the Dep't of Justice.
		The Department of Justice reports a sex offender recidivism rate of 3.5% as to a new sex offense, which completely disagrees with the 50% reported in Illinois.
	www.geocities.com /voicism/z-005.html (4191 words)

	Recidivism Report (July 2003) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		This document reports inmate recidivism rates and shows how certain offender characteristics and other factors affect these rates.
		This information provides context for using recidivism rates as performance measures for the Department of Corrections.
		Recidivism Report: Inmates Released from Florida Prisons - July 1995 through June 2001, Tallahassee, FL.
	www.dc.state.fl.us /pub/recidivism/2003/index.html (138 words)

	Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology: Pedophilia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Alcohol is associated with almost 50 percent of molestation cases, but is not necessarily correlated with pedophilia in general.
		Pedophilia tends to be a chronic condition, and recidivism is high.
		The motives for engaging in sexual activity with children are rather divergent among pedophiles, but one theme recurs: the pedophile tends to justify his/her conduct.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_g2699/is_0005/ai_2699000576 (1001 words)

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