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Topic: Reciprocating engine

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	Dictionary : Reciprocating_Engine
		The major parts of an internal combustion engine are (1) the cylinders, (2) the pistons, (3) the connecting rods, (4) the crankshaft, (5), intake and exhaust valves, (6), the spark plugs, and (7) a valve operating mechanism-also called a cam.
		Reciprocating engines require fuel, air, compression, and a source of combustion to function.
		In a modern airplane engine, air mixed with gasoline is drawn into a cylinder, then compressed by a piston moving up and down inside a chamber called a cylinder.
	www.centennialofflight.gov /essay/Dictionary/Reciprocating_Engine/DI92.htm (173 words)

	NFCRC Tutorial: Reciprocating Engine
		The compression ratio of an auto engine is lower and the combustion process is initiated by a spark plug while in a diesel engine, the compression ratio is significantly higher and the fuel is ignited by the heat of compression.
		In the two stroke engine, the intake and exhaust strokes are eliminated by using pre-compressed intake charge to displace the exhaust gases.
		The engine is similar to the spark ignited engines described above except that during the compression stroke, only air is taken into the piston and compressed to ignition conditions and then, the fuel is atomized directly into the combustion chamber at a controlled rate.
	www.nfcrc.uci.edu /EnergyTutorial/reciprocatingengine.html (254 words)

	Hot-gas reciprocating engine - Patent 4019322
		A hot-gas reciprocating engine comprising at least three piston-like bodies which each separate a hot space and a cold space in the relevant cylinder.
		In hot-gas engines in which the power is controlled by the supply and discharge of working medium to and from the working space, it is known to brake the engine by so-called "by-pass control".
		In an engine of the kind set forth, by-pass control cannot be incorporated simply, because when the plate is in a position perpendicular to the shaft, the compression ratio is very small, so that substantially no flow occurs through the narrow opening.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4019322.html (1188 words)

	reciprocating engine - OneLook Dictionary Search
		We found 15 dictionaries with English definitions that include the word reciprocating engine:
		reciprocating engine : The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language [home, info]
		noun: an internal-combustion engine in which the crankshaft is turned by pistons moving up and down in cylinders
	www.onelook.com /?loc=rescb&w=reciprocating+engine (167 words)

	Integrated Power Systems International, Inc. congen
		The prime mover can be a diesel engine, a lean-burn natural gas reciprocating engine, a gas turbine, microturbine, or a fuel cell.
		While the ratio of heat to electricity production differs between reciprocating engine systems and gas turbine systems, nearly 90% of the energy in the original fuel is put to productive use in a typical CHP system.
		Whether the prime mover in your CHP system is a diesel engine, a reciprocating natural gas engine, a gas turbine, or a fuel cell, each technology has characteristics that may make one or another better suited to your particular application.
	www.ipsi.net /congen.htm (2038 words)

	TRACE Engines - Learn More
		This engine is designed to specifically address the aviation industry’s immediate requirement for a modern, cost effective reciprocating engine.
		The TRACE engine is certified on the Air Tractor 401/402 and the deHavilland DHC-3 Otter.
		An equivalent turboprop engine would need to be rated as much as 1,000 horsepower at sea level in order to match the TRACE engine’s output at altitude.
	www.traceengines.com /more.html (481 words)

	2000 CFR Title 13, Volume 1
		Large transport category airplanes: Reciprocating engine powered: En route limitations: All engines operating.
		Part 25 transport category airplanes with four or more engines: Reciprocating engine powered: En route limitations: Two engines inoperative.
		Large transport category airplanes: Reciprocating engine powered: Landing limitations: Alternate airports.
	www.access.gpo.gov /nara/cfr/waisidx_00/14cfr135_00.html (556 words)

	Definition of reciprocating engine - Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
		: an engine in which the to-and-fro motion of one or more pistons is transformed into the rotary motion of a crankshaft
		Find more about "reciprocating engine" instantly with Live Search
		See a map of "reciprocating engine" in the Visual Thesaurus
	www.webster.com /dictionary/reciprocating+engine (58 words)

	oxygen plant, nitrogen plant india, acetylene plant india, oxygen machine india, nitrogen machine india, liquid oxygen ...
		Safe and economical, the SANGHI Oxygen Plant, with an efficient expansion engine, lowers operating pressures to a remarkable 30 kg/cm2, cuts power consumption and adds to safety.
		Sanghi Plants are supplied with a specially designed highly efficient cascade cooler, which eliminates the need for chilling unit and saves on recurring maintenance and power cost.
		This is a reciprocating machine, with crank gear, piston rod, piston, cylinders.
	www.sanghioxygen.com /oxygen-plant.htm (1210 words)

	Reciprocating Engine Research
		These tests will characterize the effects of lube oil additives on engine emissions and catalyst deactivation as a function of engine load, lube oil ash and sulfur content as well as certain additives used to reduce friction.
		Approximately 60% of the total installed capacity of 12 million horsepower of pipeline compressor station engines used to transport and distribute natural gas within New York State and the U.S. are reciprocating internal combustion engines.
		Accordingly, engine manufacturers and service companies are pursuing retrofit technologies to increase efficiency and reduce fuel consumption by offering improved turbocharging and improved combustion controls.
	www.gastechnology.org /webroot/app/xn/xd.aspx?it=enweb&xd=1researchcap\1_8gasificationandgasprocessing\1_8_3_majcurrentproj\recipengineresearch.xml (1114 words)

	internal-combustion engine. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Such engines are classified as reciprocating or rotary, spark ignition or compression ignition, and two-stroke or four-stroke; the most familiar combination, used from automobiles to lawn mowers, is the reciprocating, spark-ignited, four-stroke gasoline engine.
		Engines are rated by their maximum horsepower, which is usually reached a little below the speed at which undue mechanical stresses are developed.
		Four-stroke engines are lubricated by oil from a separate oil reservoir, either in the crankcase, which is a pan attached to the underside of the engine, or in an external tank.
	www.bartleby.com /65/in/intern-co.html (1722 words)

	Wankel Engine - BikersUnite (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In the Wankel engine, the four strokes of a typical Otto cycle engine are arranged sequentially around an oval, unlike the reciprocating motion of a piston engine.
		Wankel engines also generally have a much higher redline than a similarly sized reciprocating engine since the strokes are completed with a rotary motion as opposed to a reciprocating engine with must use connecting rods and a crankshaft to convert reciprocating motion into rotary motion.
		The design of the Wankel engine requires numerous sliding seals and a housing that is typically built as a sandwich of cast iron and aluminum pieces that expand and contract by different degrees when exposed to heating and cooling cycles in use.
	bikersunite.com /wiki/index.php?title=Wankel_Engine (1341 words)

	sociology - Internal combustion engine
		Jet engines, most rockets and many gas turbines are classed as internal combustion engines, but the term "internal combustion engine" is often loosely used to refer specifically to a piston internal combustion engine in which combustion is intermittent and the products act on reciprocating machinery, the most common subtype of this kind of engine.
		Engines based on the two-stroke cycle use two strokes (one up, one down) for every power stroke, relying on the action of the bottom of the piston within the crankcase to help move the fuel-air mixture, and are used where small size and weight are important, such as lawnmowers, mopeds, outboard motors and some motorcycles.
		An engine's capacity is the displacement or swept volume by the pistons of the engine.
	www.aboutsociology.com /sociology/Internal_combustion_engine (1798 words)

	Aeronautics - Aircraft Propulsion (RECIPROCATING-ENGINE OPERATING PRINCIPLES)
		The reciprocating engine is also known as an internal-combustion engine.
		The term was coined by James Watt, the inventor of the steam engine, who wished to evaluate the power output of his steam engine.
		If an aircraft reciprocating engine is rated at 150 horsepower, it means the engine is capable of producing this much power.
	www.allstar.fiu.edu /aero/flight62.htm (735 words)

	reciprocating engine basic
		Also because the engine is built for working with more air than the cylinder can take the compression ratios must been kept lower than for non turbo engines in order to avoid detonation.
		This fact is important because when the engine is idling the turbo does not work and it result in the effective compression ratio to be too low leading to the possibility to foul the spark plugs.
		These 2 stroker engines are pretty common on ultralight airplanes mostly in the single cylinder or twin (2 cylinder) arrangement some times three or four cylinder but multi cylinder are not very easy to build because the crankcase must be airtight.
	alexander.voivoditch.free.fr /reciprocat.html (1250 words)

	Internal combustion engine - Wikicars
		The defining feature of an internal combustion engine is that useful work is performed by the expanding hot gases acting directly to cause movement, for example by acting on pistons, rotors, or even by pressing on and moving the entire engine itself.
		For high performance gasoline engines using current materials and technology (such as the engines found in modern automobiles), there seems to be a break point around 10 or 12 cylinders, after which addition of cylinders becomes an overall detriment to performance and efficiency, although exceptions such as the W16 engine from Volkswagen exist.
		Generally internal combustion engines, particularly reciprocating internal combustion engines, produce moderately high pollution levels, due to incomplete combustion of carbonaceous fuel, leading to carbon monoxide and some soot along with oxides of nitrogen and sulfur and some unburnt hydrocarbons depending on the operating conditions and the fuel/air ratio.
	wikicars.org /en/Internal_combustion_engine (4243 words)

	Turbine Engine History
		Early efforts to develop a satisfactory engine included rocket, steam, jet, and reciprocating engines, but it was the reciprocating engine that first pushed the Wright brothers aloft.
		The difference is that in a turbine engine all of these events happen simultaneously, whereas in the reciprocating engine each event must follow the preceding event.
		Another difference is that in a turbine engine each operation in the cycle is performed by a separate component designed for its particular function; in the reciprocating engine all of the functions are performed in one component.
	www.aircav.com /histturb.html (2671 words)

	The Turbine Engine
		The engine are relatively small and compact, about half the size of a reciprocating IC engine of the same horsepower.
		When the turbine engine is operating, the first- stage turbine rotates the centrifugal compressor run impeller to draw in air and compress it.
		The gas turbine engine is rated at 130 horsepower at 3600 rpm output shaft speed and 425 lb-ft torque at zero output shaft speed under ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure conditions of 85 F and 29.92" Hg, respectively.
	conceptengine.tripod.com /conceptengine/id4.html (936 words)

	Adam Jobson's English 303 Third Report
		The only parts of a rotary engine that need to move are the rotor, the eccentric shaft, and the gear that connects them, which makes it far less complex than a reciprocating engine.
		In a reciprocating engine, the displacement of the engine is calculated by determining the difference in volume of the combustion chamber from when the piston is at its highest and lowest points.
		The SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers) defined way of measuring the displacement of a rotary is to measure the difference in volume of the combustion chamber between when it is at its largest and smallest.
	www.louisville.edu /~asjobs01/assignments/third_report.html (1474 words)

	DE Gas-Fired Reciprocating Engines: Technology Basics
		The reciprocating, or piston-driven, engine is a widespread and well-known technology.
		The compression-ignition engine operates in the same manner, except the introduction of diesel fuel at an exact instant ignites in an area of highly compressed air-fuel mixture at the top of the piston.
		Reciprocating engines can be used in a variety of applications because of their small size, low unit cost, and useful thermal output.
	www.eere.energy.gov /de/gas_fired/tech_basics.html (357 words)

	Lycoming a Textron Company - Reciprocating Engine (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The engine to cowling baffles must be new or in good condition to assure proper cooling air flow differential across the engine.
		Engine accessories, such as the fuel pump, fuel metering unit, and magnetos, should be overhauled in accordance with accessory manufacturer’s recommendations, or replaced with new units before testing engine.
		Then increase engine RPM to 80% of rated engine speed for 5 minutes, followed by 100% airframe manufacturer’s rated engine speed for another 5 minutes, provided that oil pressure is normal and that oil temperature is between 180oF and 200oF, with the cylinder head temperatures between 350oF and 400oF.
	www.lycoming.textron.com /support/publications/keyReprints/maintenance/reciprocatingEngine.html (2214 words)

	NOVA Online \| Lincoln's Secret Weapon \| Steam Machine
		In 1712 Thomas Newcomen built an engine that made use of a piston, and, beginning in 1769, James Watt improved on steam engine design with a string of patents that included innovations such as having steam push alternatively on both sides of a piston.
		But it really wasn't until the advent of high-pressure steam engines, developed almost simultaneously in England and the U.S. in 1802, that the modern steam engine came to be.
		And, like all of the engines just discussed, it was a reciprocating engine -- that is, an engine that relies on pistons.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/nova/monitor/engine.html (182 words)

	Distributed Energy Resources Guide: Reciprocating Engines - Future Development
		Reciprocating engines are a widespread, well-known, and mature DER technology.
		Significant research and development efforts are underway to continue to improve the efficiency and reduce the emissions of reciprocating engines.
		The mission of the ARES program (sponsored by the Department of Energy) is to lead a national effort to design, develop, test and demonstrate a new generation of reciprocating engine systems for DER applications that is cleaner, more reliable, and efficient than products that are commercially available today.
	www.energy.ca.gov /distgen/equipment/reciprocating_engines/future.html (304 words)

	THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
		For high performance gasoline engines using current materials and technology (such as the engines found in modern automobiles), there seems to be a break point around 10 or 12 cylinders, after which addition of cylinders becomes an overall detriment to performance and efficiency, although exceptions such as the W-16 engine from Volkswagen exist.
		An engine's capacity is the displacement or swept volume by the pistons of the engine.
		Generally internal combustion engines, particularly reciprocating internal combustion engines, produce moderately high pollution levels, due to incomplete combustion of carbonaceous fuel, leading to carbon monoxide and some soot along with oxides of nitrogen and sulfur and some unburnt hydrocarbons depending on the operating conditions and the fuel/air ratio.
	www.solarnavigator.net /internal_combustion_engine.htm (3937 words)

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