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Topic: Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam

	Islam and Muslims Contemporary Issues - Islamic Revolutionary Thought - Part 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The essence of Islamic Revolutionary Thought consists of the idea that it is not enough to practice Islam in the personal life, but that the teachings of the Qur'an and those of the Sunnah need also be implemented in their totality in the social, economic, and political fields.
		Islam is based on, and rooted in, a well-integrated set of beliefs describing the nature of ultimate reality, meaning of human life, and the final destiny.
		Gradually and steadily, Islam was demoted from the position of Deen al-Haq to a mere "religion", the exclusive interest of which lies in the minor details of worship and ritual and not in the affairs of the government or of politics.
	www.islamic-paths.org /Home/English/Issues/Philosophy/Revolutionary_Thought/Chapter_01.htm (3229 words)

	Muhammad Iqbal - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		But it was his devotion to Islam, especially its mystical aspects, that gained him respect among his Sufi peers and other associates.
		Sir Thomas Arnold, an erudite scholar of Islam and modern philosophy, became for Iqbal a bridge between East and West.
		Iqbal's lectures Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam are banned in Saudi Arabia.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Allama_Iqbal (1637 words)

	CHAPTER III
		Iqbal seems to be of the view that at the present time a rational approach to the problem of the reconstruction of Islamic religious thought is the most suitable one.
		Islam’s role in the history of human progress is to lead mankind -- the whole of mankind -- away from authoritarian, and towards the inductive approach to the moral and spiritual problems of man.
		Reconstruction, in short, is to be achieved by a rational criticism and construction of the Islamic tradition and modern science.
	www.crvp.org /book/Series02/IIA-3/chapter_iii.htm (1788 words)

	Man and Universe
		Now the religious scholars of the age of the finality of Prophethood, which is the age of knowledge, are capable of applying the general principles of Islam to the requirements of the time and place and deducing the rules of religious laws.
		The birth of Islam is the birth of inductive intellect.
		Islam as a polity is the only practical means of making this principle a living factor in the intellectual and emotional life of mankind.
	www.al-shia.com /html/eng/books/universe/17.htm (3620 words)

	The Islamic Concept of Knowledge
		There is no branch of Muslim intellectual life, of Muslim religious and political life, and of the daily life of the average Muslim that remains untouched by the all pervasive attitude toward "knowledge" as something of supreme value for Muslim being.
		Islam is a religion that invites its followers to exercise their intellect and make use of their knowledge to attain the ultimate truth ( haqq).
		In Islam-of course, after the Qur'an and the Prophet's hadith -'Ali's sermons and letters, later collected under the title of Nahj al-halaghah, contained the seeds of philosophical and scientific inquiry, and he was an Arab.
	al-islam.org /al-tawhid/islam-know-conc.htm (3435 words)

	Modernists June 1999 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The intellectuals may lay more emphasis on the thought system of a religion but there are those who accept the thought system as inherited and there are those who are intellectually quite active and consider it necessary to rethink the thought system of the religion they have inherited.
		Islam was a great revolution, not only religious but also social and economic.
		Islam spread with great rapidity because of its great concern with justice for weaker sections of society but now it became an integral part of a huge Islamic empire and nearly lost its sensitivity towards suffering of the downtrodden of the society.
	www.islam21.net /pages/keyissues/key1-9.htm (2661 words)

	Indian Institute of Islamic Studies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		For Iqbal the immobility of Islam in last 500 years symbolises this fear of change and failure of Europe in political and social sciences represents this principle of eternity and lack of permanence.
		He was not a practical system builder and though he endorses undertaking ijtihad and talks of 'reconstruction of religious thought', does not attempt any reconstruction in concrete terms.
		Sir Mhammad Iqbal The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam (Lahore, 1960),
	www.csss-isla.com /IIS/print.php?val1=archive/2004/may.htm (2945 words)

	Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam is a work of philosophy by Muhammad Iqbal on Islamic philosophy, which was published in 1930.
		The book is considered to be a major work of Modern Islamic thought.
		The Principle of Movement in the Structure of Islam
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Reconstruction_of_Religious_Thought_in_Islam (169 words)

	Allama Muhammad Iqbal
		Thus, in Iqbal's opinion, Islam is not a religion in which individuals strive for a private subjective relationship with God in the hope of personal salvation as it is done in secular systems.
		Published "Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam," - a collection of six lectures, Lahore; it was also published by Oxford University.
		Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam," - a collection of six lectures, translated by Madame Eva Meyerovitch, Paris.
	www.geocities.com /junaid_hassan25/iqbal.htm (1330 words)

	Faith in the future: Islam after the Enlightenment, by Abdul-Hakim Murad
		It is impossible to deny that certain formulations of Islam in the twentieth century resembled European ideologies, with their obsession with the latest certainties of science, their regimented cellular structure, their utopianism, and their implicit but primary self-definition as advocates of communalism rather than of metaphysical responsibility.
		Islam’s universalism, however, is not well-represented by the advocates of movement Islam.
		Iqbal, Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam, cited in Allahbakhsh Brohi, Iqbal and the Concept of Islamic Socialism (Lahore, 1967), 7.
	www.themodernreligion.com /ht/faith-future.html (5424 words)

	Andalusian Reality (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Islam and the Destiny of Man answered a lot of inner questions for me just when I was caught in the labyrinth of several trends, and to this day it continues to do so.
		No doubt - Islam and the Destiny of Man is highly effectual in conveying a sense of satisfaction to the reader, with an unmatched style and depth â“ youâll want to read more about the return to the primordial state.
		To be able to clearly synthesize the different movements and schools of thoughts in an appropriate fashion as such is a mammoth task on its own.
	hambra.blogspot.com (2809 words)

	Members, One of Another: Gender Equality and Justice in Islam" by Riffat Hassan
		The right to freedom of thought and expression was exercised by Muslims in the early centuries of Islam and was pivotal in the creation of an Islamic civilization characterized by outstanding achievements in diverse fields of knowledge.
		It is a profound tragedy and irony that today's Muslims, in large numbers, regard Islam in monolithic terms and regard the "shari'ah" (the code regulating all aspects of a Muslim's life) as fixed.
		Given Islam's religious and ethical framework, family planning itself should be seen as a fundamental human right, especially for masses of disadvantaged Muslim women.
	www.religiousconsultation.org /hassan.htm (4903 words)

	PROLOGUE
		This is one of the great traditions of religious thought; it is the one in which I was born as a philosopher and which I have always been grateful to know and to savor.
		This was articulated successively, first in terms of the external senses in the totemic stage of thought, then in terms of the internal sense in the mythic period, and finally in properly intellectual terms as the origin of philosophy or science.
		Fundamentally they concerned the metaphysical and religious issues of what it meant to be, the divine and transcendent basis of life, and the religious terms in which it needed to be lived in time.
	www.crvp.org /book/Series01/I-17/prologue.htm (13188 words)

	Untitled Document
		Given the reservoir of negative images associated with Islam and Muslims in "the Collective Unconscious" of the West, it is hardly surprising that, since the demise of the Soviet Empire, "the World of Islam" is being seen as the new "Enemy" which is perhaps even more incomprehensible and intractable than the last one.
		Muslims say with great pride that Islam abolished female infanticide; true, but, it must also be mentioned that one of the most common crimes in a number of Muslim countries (e.g., in Pakistan) is the murder of women by their husbands.
		It is one of Islam's cardinal beliefs that each person -man or woman- is responsible and accountable for his or her individual actions.
	www.religiousconsultation.org /hassan2.htm (4778 words)

	The Rationality of Religious Belief (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		An average thoughtful person on the other hand, wants to establish his life in some satisfying and meaningful relation to the universe in which he finds himself, and to get some wisdom in the conduct of human affairs.
		And a probe into these quite naturally leads one to religion itself: religious belief, faith or insight is always an interpreting word or an expression of the significance, purpose, and intent of human life.
		That is to say, religious belief cannot be refuted on the grounds of insufficient evidence because ordinary conception of ‘evidence' in this case is inappropriate and therefore not applicable.
	www.rameez.net /islam/articles/rationality.htm (3609 words)

	Islamic Books/Philosophy
		Book of lectures in which the author attempts to meet the demand for a scientific form of religious experience by reconstructing Muslim religious philosophy with due regard to the philosophical tradition of Islam and the more recent developments of human knowledge.
		This book is based mainly on the lectures of Iqbal which have been collected and published under the title The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam.
		Refutes the doubts and errors committed by the modernist with regard to the doctrinal beliefs and philosophy of Islam.
	www.islampub.com /books/Philos.html (1551 words)

	Speakers for Ijtehad, social reforms: Tributes paid to Allama Iqbal -DAWN - National; 10 November, 2004
		He said Iqbal's political thought was contained in his prose work "Reconstruction of religious thought in Islam", that should be regarded as the most proper vehicle for understanding his ideas about statecraft and its relevance to religion.
		But this was a mistaken view, Ejaz Rahim said because Iqbal's "Reconstruction of Religious Thoughts in Islam" were knowledge, power and social justice.
		With this thought in his mind he had opted for retirement to devote himself to answering charges pressed against the great poet.
	www.dawn.com /2004/11/10/nat12.htm (876 words)

	Political Thought In Islam (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The political ideal of Islam consists in the creation of a people born of a free fusion of all races and nationalities.
		Nationality with Islam is not the highest limit of political development; for the general principle of the law of Islam rest on human nature, and not on the peculiarities of a particular people.
		As a mere guardian of the estate he is subject to the religious authority of the Mullah, though as the chief executive authority he is free to adopt any measure for the good of the estate.
	www.bismikaallahuma.org /History/political_thought.htm (5392 words)

	Islam: Reconstruction of Religious Thought (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Moreover, the modern man, by developing habits of concrete thought - habits which Islam itself fostered at least in the earlier stages of its cultural career - has rendered himself less capable of that experience which he further suspects because of its liability to illusion.
		The more genuine schools of Sufism have, no doubt, done good work in shaping and directing the evolution of religious experience in Islam; but their latter-day representatives, owing to their ignorance of the modern mind, have become absolutely incapable of receiving any fresh inspiration from modern thought and experience.
		In the absence of such a method the demand for a scientific form of religious knowledge is only natural.
	www.parvez-video.com /islam/reconstruction/religious_thought/index.asp (378 words)

	Finality of Prophethood \|\| Imam Reza (A.S.) Network (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		As the age of the Prophet of Islam was that of rationality, not of myths and fancy, he declined by the will of Allah to accept any request for a miracle besides the Holy Qur'an.
		In such circumstances it was not unreasonable that the Prophet of Islam resisted the pressure of the disbelievers and his opponents demanding from him to work miracles.
		It has been said that the miracle of the Prophet of Islam does not belong to the category of non-human matters though it is a non-human act.
	www.imamreza.net /eng/imamreza.php?id=445 (8459 words)

	Iqbal and reconstruction of religious thought In Islam
		Knowledge and Religious Experience; (II) The Philosophical Test of The Revelations of Religious Experience; (III) The Conception of God and the Meaning of Prayer; (IV) The Human Ego â“ His Freedom and immortality; (V) The Spirit of Muslim Culture; (VI) The Principle of Movement in the Structure of Islam and (VII) Is Religion Possible?
		This is ijtihad.â[2] Thus according to Iqbal ijtihad (creative interpretation or attempt to exert oneself for comprehending new situation and reformulation) is principle of movement in Islam.
		Islam is a single unanalysable reality which is one or the other as your point of view varies.â[9]
	www.pucl.org /Topics/Religion-communalism/2004/iqbal.htm (2904 words)

	Islamic Voice
		Islam, in the earlier stages of its civilisation and cultural career met various challenges successfully with the result that it became the dominant ideology of the world and the Islamic world-the lone super power.
		In his book, Reconstruction of Religious thought in Islam, famous poet and philosopher, Allama Iqbal, writes, “from about the middle of the first century, upto the beginning of the fourth, not less than 19 schools of law and legal opinions appeared in Islam.
		The sole object was to win them over to the side of Islam on account of their influence and the high esteem in which they were held in their tribe.
	www.islamicvoice.com /february.99/fiqh.htm (1515 words)

	Allama Mohammad Iqbal - 'a walk through Iqbal's life' (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Although many compilations of Iqbal's poetry also deliver his message very eloquently, his foremost book Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam was intended to secure a vision of the spirit of Islam as emancipated from its Magian overlayings.
		I have given the best part of my life to careful study of Islam, its law and polity, its culture, its history and its literature.
		On the future of humanity his thoughts are scattered in his poetic works and some of his prose writings.
	www34.brinkster.com /iqballife/allamamohammadiqbal.html (885 words)

	Islam: A Select Bibliography
		The Traditions of Islam: An Introduction to the Study of Hadīth Literature.
		The Tao of Islam: A Sourcebook on Gender Relationships in Islamic Thought.
		Philosophy, Dogma, and the Impact of Greek Thought in Islam.
	www.parstimes.com /Islam_Bibliography.htm (2802 words)

	A History of the present Indian Islam?, The Milli Gazette, Vol.5 No.23, MG117 (1-15 Dec 04)
		The author agues that the encounter between the challenges of modernity (that includes the political compulsions posed by the modern state) and the Islamic religious plurality in India has been forcing Islamic scholars, thinkers and activists to creatively conceptualise the legal-religious status of Muslims in free India and the applicable boundaries of Islamic Sharia.
		In this framework, as the author seems to suggest, the Muslim responses to other religious traditions and faith are important constituent of the Islamic ideological quests in contemporary India.
		Here Sikand, rightly, seems to suggest that the Islam should always be seen in a totality and the verses of Quran, the Hadith (sayings of the prophet) and fiqh are inseparable part of a grand Islamic knowledge system.
	www.milligazette.com /Archives/2004/01-15Dec04-Print-Edition/011512200455.htm (1525 words)

	An Introduction to The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		An Introduction to The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam
		In 1930, these lectures were published under the title Six Lectures on the Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam.
		A later version was published in Oxford in 1934 with an added chapter, "Is Religion Possible." In these talks, Iqbal calls for the renewal of the intellectual foundations of Islamic philosophy in a manner suited to the scientific climate of the modern age.
	www.allamaiqbal.com /poet/prose/english/poet_introrecons.html (113 words)

	Islam - The Pakistani Expatriates Family Magazine
		The wider meaning of the word Islam, derived through its root letters.
		A lecture from Dr. Allama Muhammad Iqbal's book "The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam".
		Story of a former missionary who converted to Islam.
	www.xpatpakistan.itgo.com /islam.htm (145 words)

	Muhammad Iqbal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Like Sayyid Ahmad Khan before him, and along with Afghani and Abduh in the Middle East, Iqbal argued that Islam had to submit itself to a thorough reevaluation and updating by borrowing what it could from the West and from modernization.
		Basing his thought on the Prophet's tradition that "the whole of the earth is a mosque," Iqbal embraced secularism: "'All that is secular is therefore sacred in the roots of its being.'" (Esposito, 138)
		Iqbal admired the West, but was critical of its excesses, especially colonialism, imperialism, and, in some quarters, atheism.
	www.nmhschool.org /tthornton/muhammad_iqbal.htm (243 words)

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