The recyclingsymbol designated by the three chasing arrows in the triangular format was designed in 1970 as part of a contest sponsored by the Container Corporation of America (CCA).
CCA applied for registration of the symbol as a service mark, and for a nominal fee, licensed its use to other recycled paperboard manufacturers and to related industry associations.
The symbol quickly became the centerpiece of an ongoing campaign to promote the use of recycled paperboard.
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Motivations for recycling include environmental concerns, as recycling reduces the use of energy and raw materials and the need to dispose of waste, and for cost reasons, in situations where production from recycled material is less expensive than from new material.
Recycled materials can be derived from pre-consumer waste (materials used in manufacturing), or post-consumer waste (materials discarded by the consumer).
Recycling and rubbish bin in a German railway station or Deutsche Bahn.
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Recycling is the reuse of materials that would otherwise be considered waste.
Deutsche Bahn recycling and rubbish bin in a railway station.
On September 17th, 1981, the first ever blue box recycling program was launched in Kitchener, Ontario.
Because the recyclingsymbol is so familiar and ubiquitous, we tend to take it for granted, not realizing that it was designed by a real live, honest-to-goodness person who, even today, is still concerned with the environment.
The new recyclingsymbol was to be used to identify packages made from recycled and recyclable fibers, and to call attention to paper recycling as an effective method of conservation of our natural resources.
The design process for the recyclingsymbol went quickly for Anderson, especially since he had been mulling over this type of image for some time, and had experimented with several different configurations for class projects in architecture school.
CCA chose to have students submit the design, which would appear on the company’s recycled paperboard products, because, "as inheritors of the earth, they should have their say." CCA at the time was the nation’s largest paper recycler, consuming 750,000 tons per year of secondary fiber.
The symbol was a three-chasing-arrows Mobius loop, with the arrows twisting and turning among themselves.
The version with the arrows within a circle connoted recycled content (white arrows in a fl circle meant 100 percent recycled content; fl arrows in a white circle meant recycled content of a stated percentage).
Some time ago, Long noticed that the arrows of the usual symbol for recycling are twisted in such a way that if they were joined together in a continuous ribbon, they would form a Möbius band.
Long found that the alternative recyclingsymbol was based on a different surface—a one-sided band formed by gluing together the two ends of a long strip of paper after giving one end three half-twists instead of just one.
The standard recyclingsymbol (top left) and an alternative version (top right) can be represented by continuous folded ribbons, showing that the standard form is a Möbius band made with one half-twist (bottom left) and the alternative is a one-sided band with three half-twists (bottom right).
The recyclingsymbol, which is now used on all types of materials, was originally developed by an AFandPA member company to use on 100% recycled paperboard.
In 1970, the year of the first Earth Day, the Container Corporation of America (CCA), a large producer of recycled paperboard which is now part of Smurfit-Stone Container Corp., sponsored a contest for a design that symbolized the recycling process.
The following guidelines are intended to encourage consistent usage of the recyclingsymbol throughout the paper industry and by its customers.
