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Topic: Red alder

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	Alnus rubra english
		Red alder is the most common hardwood in the Pacific Northwest and the largest of the American alders.
		Red alder is not commonly found east of the Cascade or Sierra Nevada Ranges, although there are several isolated populations in northern Idaho.
		Red alder wood is almost white when freshly cut but quickly changes to a light tan or light brown with a yellow or reddish tinge when exposed to the air.
	www2.fpl.fs.fed.us /TechSheets/HardwoodNA/htmlDocs/alnusreng.html (757 words)

	Red Alder (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Red Alder is one of the first species to appear after fire and logging disturbance.
		Red Alder is also a very important commercial tree for veneer and furniture.
		Red Alder would be a good choice for a moist area of your property, especially if you are needing quick erosion control along a small stream or creek.
	www.oakpointnursery.com /red_alder.htm (266 words)

	Tree Book - Red alder
		Red alder occurs with all of the low elevation coastal tree species, including fl cottonwood, grand fir, Douglas-fir, and the cedars.
		Red alder is used for furniture, flooring, and firewood.
		Red alder is short-lived, with an average life span of 40 to 60 years.
	www.for.gov.bc.ca /hfd/library/documents/treebook/redalder.htm (349 words)

	Red Alder - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Red Alder has ovate leaves 7-15 cm long, with bluntly serrated edges and a distinct point at the end.
		The Fender guitar company chose Red Alder to use in the body of its original Stratocaster® model electric guitar, and it has remained a popular choice for guitars although alder seldom exhibits the spectacular curly or quilted grain seen in some of the maple wood used in instruments.
		Red Alders are also famed for growing easily in burned or destroyed land, and are used as "pioneering" or "reclamation" trees.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Red_Alder (846 words)

	Cypress Woodworks-Red alder
		Red alder is reported to be rather scarce in the veneer form, but is abundant as lumber.
		Red alder trees are reported to be rather fast growing, maturing in about 50 years.
		Red alder is reported to respond well to carving, either with hand or machine tools.
	www.cypresswoodworks.com /Red_alder.html (885 words)

	Effects of Red Alder on Stand Dynamics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Red alder is found throughout the Coastal Western Hemlock Biogeoclimatic Zone and is the most abundant broad-leaved species in coastal British Columbia.
		Red alder is harvested to produce saw lumber for remanufacture into moldings, furniture, and pallets, to produce chips for pulping and for firewood.
		Red alder is resistant to laminated root rot and its presence may also reduce or ameliorate the effects of Phellinus weirii root disease on Douglas-fir.
	www.for.gov.bc.ca /hre/redalder (1648 words)

	NSEA
		Our native red alder tree is not showy or particularly appreciated by most people, but this species has been in the environmental restoration business for ages.
		The red alder also loses it's leaves while they are green, providing an annual source of fertility for the plants around it.
		Red alder is a short-lived tree, rarely reaching 100 years old.
	www.n-sea.org /fishtale/spring2002/red-alder.shtml (390 words)

	Western Hardwood Association - Improving Landowner Returns from Red Alder (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Red alder is the most abundant broadleaf tree in the Pacific Northwest comprising 7 % of the total timber inventory and 61% of the hardwood inventory in western Oregon and Washington.
		Alder is short-lived; its growth pattern is initially very rapid but tapers off quickly such that alder reach about 80% of their lifetime height in only 30 years (Figure 2).
		The target condition for alder at harvest age is a stand density in the range of 100-200 trees per acre with trees averaging 12 to 14 inches in dbh.
	www.westernhardwood.com /landowner.shtml (893 words)

	Another Look At Red Alder -- Rainyside.com
		Because alders are such a common tree in the western portion of the Pacific Northwest, they are often thought of as weed trees.
		Red alder grows exclusively west of the Cascades between Alaska and California, except for a few isolated stands in Idaho.
		Salish and coastal tribes once ate the inner bark of alder, scraping it off in spring and mixing it with oil or drying it in cakes for winter use.
	www.rainyside.com /natives/alder.html (590 words)

	From weed tree to money tree - red alder American Forests - Find Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The supply has always been there, in great plenitude, because red alder (Alnus rubra to be technical about it) is a tree that moves speedily to establish itself in river bottoms and lowland areas once the dominant conifers are gone.
		One reason for alder's fecundity is nature's perverse insistence on assuring the proliferation of its leastwanted species, as can be attested to by any homeowner struggling to enjoy a weed-free lawn next door to a vacant lot choked with dandelions.
		For one thing, foresters have learned that alder is a beneficial tree in that it fixes nitrogen in the soil from nodules on its roots, so that once the alder dies (its lifespan is about 80 years), it leaves a better environment for conifers.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1016/is_n1-2_v96/ai_8348235 (873 words)

	Mutualism in Red Alder (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Alder is a partner in a three-way symbiosis among roots, nitrogen-fixing actinomycetes in root nodules, and mycorrhizae that contributes to the alder's rapid growth; this gives the alder flexibility in site requirements, and positively influences soil structure and fertility (Hibbs et al.
		Red Alder, Alnus rubra, is the largest of the alders native to North America and a member of the Birch family.
		Red Alder seeds are carried by the wind, landing on disturbed soils.
	www.ucfv.bc.ca /biology/biol210/1999/Mutualism/mutualism.htm (1363 words)

	Red Alder
		In the forest, the Red Alder develops a slightly tapered trunk with a narrow, rounded crown, in the open it has a broad cone shape with the crown starting near the trunk
		While all other alders are only shrubs, the red alder is a large coastal tree
		Red Alder is found on the entire coast of BC Red Alder needs lots of sunshine
	www.bcadventure.com /adventure/wilderness/forest/redald.htm (216 words)

	Alder - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Alder is the common name of a genus of flowering plants (Alnus) belonging to the birch family (Family Betulaceae).
		Alder catkins are one of the first sources of pollen for bee species, especially honeybees, which use it for spring buildup.
		Alder is a preferred wood for charcoal making, formerly used in the manufacture of gunpowder, or for smelting metal ores, now used primarily for cooking.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Alder (580 words)

	American Hardwood Export Council
		Red alder is almost white when freshly cut but quickly changes on exposure to air to light brown with a yellow or reddish tinge.
		Red alder machines well and is excellent for turning and polishing.
		Red alder is a relatively soft hardwood of medium density that has low bending strength, shock resistance and stiffness.
	www.ahec.org /hardwoods/guide/alder.html (207 words)

	Industrial Reporting, Inc. Article - Outlook Optimistic for Red Alder
		The report noted that alder inventory levels were higher than at any time in the 20th century, but it warned that rates of supply increase were slowing and projected alder shortages.
		The alder industry is seeking to increase the resource by promoting alder planting, increasing the harvest of mature alder and reducing logging restrictions.
		Alder surpassed the value of Douglas fir and hemlock in 2000, and Dave believes the trend will continue because it is a specialized product.
	www.palletenterprise.com /articledatabase/view.asp?articleID=1089 (1879 words)

	Red Alder
		The alder we have is probably the red alder, according to Plants of the Coast Redwood Redgion, by Lyons and Cuneo-Lazaneo.
		Alders have the ability to fix nitrogen, which means their roots have a special bacteria that can take atmospheric nitrogen and transform it into a form than other plants can use.
		The alder photographs are by David "Bugs" Nelson, of alders at Cazadero, April 20, 2004.
	www.davidlnelson.md /Cazadero/Alder.htm (200 words)

	Red alder: a state of knowledge
		Description: In March 23-25, 2005, an international symposium on red alder was held at the University of Washington Center for Urban Horticulture in Seattle, WA.
		The symposium was entitled “Red alder: A State of Knowledge” and brought together regional experts to critically examine the economic, ecological and social values of red alder.
		The primary goal of the symposium was to discuss new advances in the understanding of red alder biology and silviculture, changing market and nonmarket values, and the current regulatory climate for management of alder.
	www.treesearch.fs.fed.us /pubs/22325 (289 words)

	Interactions Between Red Alder and Douglas-fir (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Red Alder has the ability to increase the nitrogen content of the soil through means of nitrogen fixation.
		There are also competition problems that prevail among the two since Red Alder is shade intolerant and Douglas-fir is relatively shade tolerant (in the Vancouver forest region).After a disturbance (such as fire, flooding, logging) an opening occurs in the forest.
		During this cycle the Red Alder's leaves have decomposed to form a rich humus and root nodules have increased the soil's nitrogen levels (Arno,1977).
	www.ucfv.bc.ca /biology/biol210/alder_df/main.htm (795 words)

	Shoreland restoration - Indigeneous plants - Alder and Red-osier Dogwood
		alder is rarer, its tolerance for drier, gravelly soil makes it well suited to stabilize the shoreline.
		Rough alder can reach a height of 5 meters, Green alder mostly doesn’t grow taller than 3 meters.
		Green alder is very adaptable and can also be planted near the water like Rough alder, Shrubby Willows and Sweet Gale.
	www.fapel.org /english/anrive8.htm (452 words)

	Tree Totem-Trees-Alder
		The bark makes a red stain, the male blossoms create a green tint and to bring about a brown dye would be from the dried old growth twigs.
		The Alder Tree became the reference to the Celtic "Tree of Life" and was called "Tree of Resurrection." There is very little evidence to find to support why this was so but it is thought that the because the tree would bleed when cut, it became the physical representation of the Gods.
		Alder tea from the outer bark has been used for treatment of jaundice, diarrhea, gangrene and dropsy.
	treetotem.com /tealder.htm (1113 words)

	Control of red alder by cutting
		Description: Effects of tree age, month of cut, and height and angle of cut on sprouting of red alder stumps were evaluated in a study designed to develop an effective method for controlling red alder in Douglas-fir plantations.
		Ninety-five percent or more of alder stumps cut in June or July died by the end of the next growing season; mortality was 88, 70, and 22 percent for stumps cut in May, August, and September, respectively.
		Red alder can be controlled effectively by using cutting guidelines developed from these results.
	www.treesearch.fs.fed.us /pubs/9249 (283 words)

	Red Alder Pros and Cons -- Pricing, Availability, Usefulness
		Half of this is knotty alder for the rustic look, and superior for the other half who want the cherry look but can't afford it.
		Consequently, the prices have risen from a low of 75 cents per BF for the frame grade knotty alder to a current high of $2.25 and the FAS alder has gone from $1.85 to $3.05, and this is all in the past two years.
		Alder was a great wood for setups and even finish work until it was discovered.
	www.woodweb.com /knowledge_base/Red_Alder_Pros_and_Cons.html (1392 words)

	Red alder
		Disturbed landscapes in the study area have been colonized by red alder, a native tree that hosts in its roots bacteria that convert atmospheric nitrogen into forms of nitrogen that are nutrients for plants and other organisms.
		Alders can add 50 to 200 kg of nitrogen per hectare per year to the ecosystem, 20 to 100 times more than that added by precipitation.
		The scientists found that nitrogen losses varied from watershed to watershed, but the amount of loss is strongly related to the amount of alder trees within the watershed.
	www.epa.gov /wed/pages/news/02oct/compton.htm (222 words)

	NRS - Department of Natural Resource Sciences Extension
		Red alder is one of the few hardwoods that can produce high quality lumber and veneer in 25-40 years, and top quality logs are second only to western red cedar in value, fetching prices in excess of $900 per thousand board feet.
		Alder is also resistant to many forest pests such as Laminated Root Rot (Phellinus weirii), a root disease that kills Douglas fir and other conifers.
		Red alder is also capable of fixing atmospheric nitrogen, and leaf fall enriches forest soils for other plants and climax species.
	ext.nrs.wsu.edu /Video/Alder (274 words)

	Broadleaf Species (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Other differences between the two alders include the fact that Red Alder is both doubly serrate and has revolute margins while the While the only singly serrated and is not revolute.
		The pith of the red alder, when viewed in cross section is triangular.
		The alder's association with nitrogen fixing bacteria form root nodules which provide a hospitable environment for nitrogen fixation.
	biology.uoregon.edu /reference/treeid/redalder.html (160 words)

	Top Five Trees for Life Beyond Oil - #3 - Red Alder » Transition Culture
		Its North American cousin, the Red Alder(Alnus rubra) (and I welcome the opportunity to trigger a natives vs. exotics debate here….) has huge potential as a timber crop here, and should be much more widely planted.
		Its posts are durable under water, indeed the city of Venice is built on poles of alder, although admittedly not the red variety.
		Red alder brings to mind the story about the period in Cuba just after the Soviet Union collapsed and Cuba’s oil supply vanished overnight.
	transitionculture.org /?p=215 (949 words)

	Management of Red Alder
		Red alder is the dominant hardwood over most of western Oregon where it plays an important economic role and several critical ecological roles.
		The results apply to natural and planted alder, to plantations, and to spot planting for root rot or biodiversity.
		Following the research model developed by the Stand Management Cooperative at the University of Washington for Douglas-fir, the HSC has developed a series of over 30 red alder research installations extending over western Oregon, Washington and British Columbia.
	fresc.usgs.gov /research/StudyDetail.asp?Study_ID=186 (167 words)

	OSU Press at Oregon State University
		Only a few years ago, red alder, the major hardwood species in the Northwest, was regarded as a weed to be eradicated with herbicides.
		Today, red alder provides the raw material for a thriving industry, producing fine furniture, specialized veneers and plywoods, and paper products.
		In addition to its economic values, red alder has unique biological values that are proving vital in efforts to improve forest management.
	oregonstate.edu /dept/press/q-r/RedAlder.html (200 words)

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