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Topic: Red Book (audio CD standard)

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Rainbow Books

CDDA

Orange Book (CD standard)

Compact disc

Enhanced Music CD

Orange Book

Green Book (audio CD standard)

Laserdisc

Video CD

ISO 9660

Digital Revolution

Error correction

	CD
		A standard compact disc, often known as an audio CD to differentiate it from later variants, stores audio data in a format compliant with the red book standard.
		A user-recordable CD for data storage, CD-R, was introduced in the early 1990s, and it became the de facto standard for exchange and archiving of computer data and music.
		CD-Text is an extension of the Red Book standard for audio CDs.
	www.yournursery.com /search.php?title=CD (3301 words)

	Compact Disc Summary
		The design of the CD was originally conceived as an evolution of the gramophone record, rather than primarily as a data storage medium.
		Most CD manufacturers, dependent on the exact pit geometry such as the slope of the pit edges etc, choose a pit depth of around 90-100 nm, (which is around λ/6n) yielding a sound trade-off between the quality of the push-pull radial tracking and full aperture detection signal.
		The write laser of the CD recorder changes the color of the dye to allow the read laser of a standard CD player to see the data as it would an injection molded compact disc.
	www.bookrags.com /Compact_Disc (5777 words)

	Red Book (audio CD standard) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Red Book is the standard for audio CDs (Compact Disc Digital Audio system, or CDDA).
		It is named after one of a set of color-bound books that contain the technical specifications for all CD and CD-ROM formats.
		The Red Book specifies the physical parameters and properties of the CD, the optical "stylus" parameters, deviations and error rate, modulation system and error correction, and subcode channels and graphics.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Red_Book_(audio_CD_standard) (362 words)

	Red Book - a definition from Whatis.com
		The Red Book is the 1980 document that provides the specifications for the standard compact disc (CD) developed by Sony and Philips.
		According to Red Book specifications, a standard CD is 120 mm (4.75 inches) in diameter and 1.2 mm (0.05 inches) thick and is composed of a polycarbonate plastic substrate (underlayer - this is the main body of the disc), one or more thin reflective metal (usually aluminum) layers, and a lacquer coating.
		CD data is not arranged in distinct physical units; data is organized into frames (consisting of 24 bytes of user data, plus synchronization, error correction, and control and display bits) which are intricately interleaved so that damage to the disc will not destroy any single frame, but only small parts of many frames.
	whatis.techtarget.com /definition/0,289893,sid9_gci503642,00.html (401 words)

	ipedia.com: Red Book (audio CD standard) Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The physical parameters and properties of the CD are specified as well as the form of digital audio encoding (16-bit PCM), the optical 'stylus' parameters, deviations and error rate, modulation system and error correction, and subcode channels and graphics.
		Philips has warned them that including the Compact Disc Digital Audio logo on such non-conforming discs may constitute trademark infringement; either in anticipation or in response, the long-familiar logo is no longer to be seen on many recent CDs.
		Rainbow Books: Red Book (CD Digital Audio), Yellow Book (CD-ROM and CD-ROM XA), Orange Book (CD-R and CD-RW), White Book (Video CD), Blue Book (Enhanced Music CD, CD+G and CD-Plus), Beige Book (Photo CD), Green Book (CD-i).
	www.ipedia.com /red_book__audio_cd_standard_.html (280 words)

	CD LANGUAGE SCHOOL EXPLORER
		The CD was originally thought of as an evolution of the gramophone record, rather than primarily as a data storage medium.
		However, in 1985 the Yellow Book CD-ROM standard was established by Sony and Philips, which defined a non-volatile optical data computer data storage medium using the same physical format as audio compact discs, readable by a computer with a CD-ROM (CDR) drive.
		To press the CD first a Glass Master is cut using a high power laser on a device not dissimilar to a CD writer, the glass master being around 12 inches (30 cm) diameter and up to one inch (25 mm) thick as it needs to be strong for pressing.
	www.school-explorer.com /info/CD (2786 words)

	CD Red Book Standards
		Red book audio is also referred to as CD-DA (Compact Disc-Digital Audio).
		Introduced by Sony and Philips in 1980, the Red Book standard was simply designed to be a universal medium for distributing digitized music.
		The Red Book CD was to become the template for which all other "book standards" were created.
	www.mediatechnics.com /redbook.htm (192 words)

	Review: Best burners for reading/burning audio CDs - Hydrogenaudio Forums
		CDs protected with this CP are multisession CDs, which in itself is already a violation of the Red Book standard.
		These audio samples can contain a 24-bit sequence which is inserted in illegal places, to prevent the detection of the beginning of each frame by a PC drive.
		The CD player is supposed to read all of them, while the computer drives stops at the 98th block of the last sector of the burst read command.
	www.hydrogenaudio.org /forums/index.php?showtopic=45551 (2133 words)

	Creating Audio CD's
		Audio recording as pioneered by Thomas Edison created a variety of devices which essentially duplicated the vibrations of our eardrums by engraving bumpy grooves on wax drums or wire.
		Originally a CD was inserted into a stand alone CD player to play music; then a bit later CD's began to be used as a substitute for floppy disks to store computer installation programs.
		Book color is often used by standards committees to distinguish between topics.
	jhepple.com /AudioCD/Default.htm (644 words)

	Audio Technologies - Standards and Coding (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		All Enhanced CD discs (including but not limited to Single Session, Multisession, "CD Extra") should be capable of playing on all CD audio players including home players, disc changers (jukebox, cartridge, carousel types, etc.), portable players, and car players.
		Analog Audio output muting is mandatory in all modes when the data type is not CDDA audio, rather than recommended, as in Item 14, on Page 5 of the 'Red Book' Attachment document, titled 'Attachment to The Description of the Compact Digital Audio System'.
		CD Audio players should not be able to perform an access prior to Track 01, Index 01.
	www.riaa.com /issues/audio/standards.asp (1604 words)

	HTGuide Forum - What is a "Red Book CD"
		The Red Book was a nickname for the policy platform of the Liberal Party of Canada in the 1993 election.
		Red book is a name of the list of endangered and protected species, prohibited for hunting, in Russia and most CIS states.
		The Red Book is a standard book for which Managers in the hospitality industry, use as a system for organizing, planning, and communication.
	www.htguide.com /forum/showthread.php4?t=18042 (1502 words)

	Free Downloadable Audio Book
		Red Book (audio CD standard) - Red Book is the standard for audio CDs (Compact Disc Digital Audio system, or CDDA).
		Audio book - An audio book is a recording of the contents of a book read aloud.
		This book provides a framework for thinking about the law free downloadable audio book and cyberspace, examining the extent to which the Internet is currently under control free downloadable audio book and the extent to which it can or should be controlled.
	www.bandinstument.net /freedownloadableaudiobook.html (1022 words)

	CDRoller- Reading audio CD : digital audio extraction engine
		Because audio discs are manufactured per the Red Book Standard, all audio compact discs will play in any audio compact disc player.
		The Red Book specifies that the audio data are on the CD in one or more tracks.
		Some CD drives support a feature known as "Stream is Accurate", it means that drive's controller guarantees itself that new reading always starts where the last one left off.
	www.cdroller.com /htm/readaudio.html (835 words)

	History of the Compact Disk
		A standard compact disc, often known as an audio CD to differentiate it from later variants, stores audio data in a format compliant with the
		Red Book' standard, was laid out by SONY and Philips in 1981.
		The write laser of the CD burner changes the characteristics of the dye to allow the read laser of a standard CD player to see the data as it would an injection molded compact disc.
	www.edinformatics.com /inventions_inventors/compact_disc.htm (2630 words)

	CD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		In 1978, Philips and Sony joined forces to produce the Red Book audio CD standard.
		An audio CD is a single sided media that stores data by a series of optical marks or "pits"; one reflects a low-powered layer laser off of this side to restore the saved data.
		A light receptor detects whether a reflection is strong or absent, and passes the data along to the microprocessors that translate the light patterns back into data or sound.
	cse.stanford.edu /class/cs201/Projects/optical-media/cd.html (193 words)

	Compact Disc Digital Audio History and 20 kHz lowpass filtering
		Thus, an audio signal with a bandwidth of 20 kHz would require a sampling rate of at least 40,000 samples/second.
		It is of equal importance that no audio signal that is greater than half the sampling frequency enters into the digitizing process.
		Video was the digital audio storage medium before we had CD, and the rate of 44.1 is a logical result of that and the need for a safe rate that could include up to 20kHz, which was considered to be the human threshold of hearing back then.
	jthz.com /mp3/CD-44100Hz.htm (996 words)

	Shakti Science - website design, audio, record label
		Audio mastering is the process of improving and processing your music into its final version before it gets replicated on CDs or duplicated on cassette and vinyl.
		The Red Book audio CD standard calls for subcoding to be burned into the disc.
		This standard defines the P & Q coding used by CD players for identifying track IDs, track start/stop times and other data used by the machine.
	www.shaktiscience.com /audio_services/premastering.html (503 words)

	Redbook CD Audio Specifications (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Audio CD-R masters must be recorded with P and Q codes in one single session and be RED BOOK compatible.
		For enhanced discs (CD-ROM with Audio) it is recommended that the program call up the track number rather than the physical address.
		The AUDIO portion should be written as session one, then a second "BLUE BOOK" session (images and files) be written after.
	www.commonerarecords.com /doubledisc/cdmastering/redbookspecs.html (169 words)

	Macrovision red/book colour-blind?
		CDS is designed to be compatible with Philips Red Book CD audio standard.
		Macrovision recommends that the compact disc logo be not applied to copy-protected CDs, as there is debate in the industry as to whether copy-protected CDs are supported by the logo licensing entity.
		Sony and the other companies that devolped the CD format pretty much told the RIAA, BSA software publishers etc that cds that dont match the redbook standard are supposed to be forbid to sport the CDlogo..
	forums.afterdawn.com /thread_view.cfm/47319 (378 words)

	Red Book (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		White Book (a derivative of Red Book) is a constant-rate linear format.
		Each frame of Red Book audio data consists of 588 channel bits.
		CD Tutorial links at the University of Washington, Seattle (Prof.
	www.mpeg.org /MPEG/DVD/Red_Book/CD.html (168 words)

	De Novo: Is This Legal?
		Given this, I don't understand this article by Jeff Leeds titled, "New Software May Sink Music Pirates: Sony BMG rolls out CDs that restrict copying." Sony is putting copy protection software on a wide assortment of its CDs, limiting the potential number of copies to three.
		After all, if an audio CD is defined by the Red Book Standard, and Sony is selling audio CDs that do not meet that standard, I would argue that it's a bait and switch.
		Consumers think they are buying an audio CD, it's advertised, packaged, and sold as an audio CD, but in fact, they are buying something else.
	www.blogdenovo.org /archives/000948.html (602 words)

	Redbook CDA
		The first CD format which defined the music CD that could be played in all standalone CD players was called CD Digital Audio, CD-DA or just CD-A. The specifications for the CD-A format were set out in the 1980 "red book" standard developed by Philips and Sony.
		The Red Book standard specifies the data format for digital audio and the technical specifications for devices and media.
		Since a standard 74-minute CD will hold about 747 MB we can determine that a minute of uncompressed audio takes about 10 MB of disk space.
	www.jhepple.com /AudioCD/redbook.htm (512 words)

	Harmony Central - 10 Questions About Mastering Your Recordings
		Your tunes are done, and you've decided it's time to create a CD — which brings you to the subject of mastering, where all the tunes are assembled and optimized for the best possible sound.
		CD Text is not in the official Red Book Audio CD standard, but it has become a sort of de facto standard and many programs include the ability to add it.
		For example, I worked with one artist who wanted his CD to be really, really loud, as is the fashion these days.
	www.harmony-central.com /articles/tips/10_questions_about_mastering (1361 words)

	DVD-Audio Tools
		DVD-Audio is a standard for storing uncompressed high quality stereo or multi-channel audio content on a standard DVD disk.
		Supported sampling frequencies range from 44.1KHz (the Red-Book CD Audio standard) up to 192KHz, with sampling depths of 16, 20 or 24 bits.
		This project aims to provide audio enthusiasts with a set of free software tools to enable the authoring of DVD-Audio disks compliant with hardware DVD-Audio players, plus a software player for such disks.
	dvd-audio.sourceforge.net (269 words)

	Is CD-DA possible on DVD+R? - Hydrogenaudio Forums
		But it will not be a "Red Book (audio CD standard)" compatible disc, so you will probably not be able to play it on a standalone cd/dvd player!
		That way you would be able to fit even more audio on a dvd disc.
		CD playback) to 48kHz internally using who-knows-how-good algorithms before digital-analog conversion, similar to AC'97 based PC soundcards.
	www.hydrogenaudio.org /forums/index.php?showtopic=20220 (668 words)

	6moons audio reviews: Metronome Technologie Kalista
		In his view and due to mechanical shortcomings, none of the CD transports available at the time were able to properly read a disc.
		Development proved rapid and all CD players and transports issued were of the same basic design that moved the power supply into a separate enclosure.
		When all connections are made, this cover is removed to 'load' the first CD by affixing the puck atop the spindle.
	www.6moons.com /audioreviews/metronome/kalista.html (2216 words)

	Patents on Audio Software and File Formats
		This is IBM's "Method and system for network delivery of content associated with physical audio media" patent, filed on November 18, 1997 and granted on February 27, 2001.
		In response to playing an audio recording in a multimedia computer system, a unique identifying indicia associated with the audio recording is identified.
		The MP3 specification - ISO/IEC 11172-3, entitled "Coding of moving pictures and associated audio for digital storage media at up to about 1,5 Mbit/s -- Part 3: Audio" - is an ISO standard that was developed based on Fraunhofer's work.
	www.cptech.org /ip/business/software/audio.html (1155 words)

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