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	Red Guards (China) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Most Red Guards were youngsters in their mid-teens summoned by Chairman Mao Zedong to protect the forward progression of the Chinese Communist Party against "evil forces" such as imperialism and corruption, including those within the Communist Party who were identified as deviationists.
		Red Guards could be found in all aspects of Chinese society from the Foreign Ministry down to supervision of siblings.
		Those who suffered from the Red Guard barbarism during the Cultural Revolution are allowed to claim back the property they lost from the PRC government as long as they have some sort of "evidence" to prove their property; for example, a photo or ownership paper.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Red_Guards_(China) (1285 words)

	Red Guards (Russia) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Red Guards were the base for the forming of the Red Army.
		In Petrograd, the head of the Red Guards (30,000 personnel) was Konstantin Yurenev.
		During the revolution, training of the Red Guards was arranged by the Military Organization of the RSDLP.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Red_Guards_(Russia) (370 words)

	Red Guards - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Red Guards refer to socialist or communist militia formed to instigate, support, or defend communist revolutions.
		The Red Guards in China were composed of students and were formed during the conflict within factions of the Chinese Communist Party during the Cultural Revolution.
		Red Guards (Russia), during the Russian Revolution of 1917 and Russian Civil War.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Red_Guards (174 words)

	Lone Sentry: Red Army Guards (U.S. WWII Intelligence Bulletin, March 1946)
		Guards units are picked Red Army troops who have distinguished themselves by their excellent training, discipline, and courage in battle.
		The award of the Guards title to restore impaired morale is reflected in the fact that Guards units, in some cases, did not demonstrate superior fighting ability during the war, and were not specially used as shock troops.
		An important distinction in the Red Army is possession of the Red Banner, which is awarded to units for outstanding bravery and remains perpetually with the unit regardless of changes in the name or number of the organization.
	www.lonesentry.com /articles/redarmyguards (1076 words)

	Working Papers-Songs of the Red Guards: Keywords Set to Music
		Red Guard songs not only provide us with vivid accounts of central notions and concepts in the Red Guard movement, but can also serve to illustrate certain inherent trends in the Chinese politics of language and art, which were taken to their extremes during the Cultural Revolution.
		We are the Red Guards of Chairman Mao
		In the world of Red Guard lyrics, human frailties were alien to the heroic protagonists, for fears, doubts, or any feelings separating the individual from the collective distracted from the march forward; they were implicitly dreaded and avenged as a betrayal of the common cause.
	www.indiana.edu /~easc/resources/working_paper/noframe_10b_song.htm (8529 words)

	ipedia.com: Red Guards Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Red Guards is, with regard to the Russia and the Soviet Un...
		Red Guards is, with regard to the Russia and the Soviet Union, just another English name for the Red Army.
		Most Red Guards were youngsters in their mid-teens summoned by Chairman Mao Zedong to protect the forward progression of the Chinese Socialist Movement against "evil forces" such as imperialism and corruption.
	www.ipedia.com /red_guards.html (492 words)

	The Chinese Cultural Revolution (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Red Guards believed the Cultural Revolution was their Revolution, The Revolution of youth, and Mao was an inspirer.
		To the Red Guards it is held as a bible and caressed to the heart, the words when they read are as nectar to them.
		As one can see the affect the Red Book had on the Red Guards was great, it was the best tool Mao can ever comes up with to control the masses and combine their efforts against those defying of the Revolution.
	mclane.fresno.k12.ca.us /wilson98/MWHI/1998/khamthone.html (937 words)

	Red Guards - Britannica Concise
		Red Guards - in China, groups of militant university and high school students formed into paramilitary units as part of the Cultural Revolution (1966–76).
		Swiss Guards - corps of Swiss soldiers responsible for the safety of the pope.
		China - The period from mid-1966 to early 1969 constituted the Red Guard phase of the Cultural Revolution, and these years in turn included several important turning points.
	concise.britannica.com /ebc/article-9376611 (553 words)

	Untitled Document
		The Red Guards of Beijing brought the violence to the provinces.
		Among the 45 students in the class, ten were Red Guards and sat on chairs; ten were from "bad families" and stood in front of the classroom; the rest of the class sat on the floor during the struggle meeting.
		Red Guards' emphasis of family background to an unprecedented extent distinguished it from the other youth organizations in China, such as the Communist Youth League, which was replaced by the Red guards for years during the Revolution.
	humanities.uchicago.edu /faculty/ywang/Revolution1966.html (13015 words)

	RW ONLINE: the Red Guards: Hong Wei Bing
		Among the Red Guards from the western region of China, which for centuries has been the crossroads of various migrations, one could see, next to local types, close to the Turks ethnically, a smattering of blue-eyed blonds.
		Later, when the Red Guards were encouraged to stop using the trains because transport was being so disrupted, they traveled hundreds of miles on foot to places as far as Manchuria and Tibet.
		And he encouraged and supported the Red Guards to not allow such attacks to stop their rebellion: "In a big country like ours one should not be upset by the disturbances caused by a handful...it tempers the young...helps them to understand that the revolutionary road does not run smoothly."
	rwor.org /a/v20/960-69/966/redgrd.htm (3144 words)

	Student Attacks Against Teachers: The Revolution of 1966
		Pasted up by the Red Guards everywhere, the couplet read ¡°the son of the heroic father is a warrior; the son of the reactionary father is a rotten egg¡± (ÀÏ×ÓÓ¢ÐÛººÃh©oÀÏ×Ó·´Óº»ìµ°).
		On such occasions, every Red Guard just wanted to show his/her sympathy for brutality and cruelty against the ¡°enemies.¡± On the other hand, when a person was beaten to death, the group of beaters would not take responsibility as individuals and thus did not fear committing murder.
		In this case, the ¡°Central Cultural Revolution Group¡± changed their attitude toward the Red Guards in middle schools from that of unconditional support to supporting their opponents, who were the college student groups attacking the ¡°capitalist-roaders with powerful positions in the party¡± (ühÈ×ßÙY±¾Ö÷ÁxµÀÂ·µÄ®”àÅÉ) in all ministries of the central government and the provinces.
	humanities.uchicago.edu /faculty/ywang/history/1966teacher.htm (12774 words)

	HarperCollins \| Kids \| Teachers' Guides \| Red Scarf Girl
		Red Scarf Girl is her heart-wrenching account of the Revolution--an unforgettable portrait of a young girl torn between her love for both country and family.
		When he refused to confess to the counterrevolutionary activities of which he had been falsely accused, the Red Guards confronted Ji-li and asked her to testify publicly against her father.
		Red Scarf Girl is the story of her family's courage during this political reign of terror.
	www.harperchildrens.com /schoolhouse/TeachersGuides/redscarf.htm (2521 words)

	Red Guards
		Under the influence of the Bolsheviks, the Red Guards played an important role in the defeat of the revolt led by General Lavr Kornilov in September, 1917.
		The factory gates opened wide, and the amazing army of the Red Guard, ununiformed, untrained, and certainly unequipped for battle with the traditional backbone of the Russian military, marched away to defend the revolutionary capital and the victory of the proletariat.
		Some of the factory girls wore red crosses upon the sleeves of their thin jackets, and packed a meague kitbag of bandages and first-aid accessories.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /RUSredguards.htm (549 words)

	Jiang Pei 江沛
		Red Guard Hurricane surpasses the Western language literature on Red Guards in detail and scope.
		Jiang asserts that the violence and disruptiveness of the Red Guard movement were responsible for huge setbacks and losses to the People’s Republic of
		Red Guard Hurricane contains a useful day-by-day chronology of the Red Guard movement, as well as a detailed summary of previous Chinese scholarship on Red Guards.
	orpheus.ucsd.edu /chinesehistory/cr/jiangpei.htm (651 words)

	Red Guards (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In 1966, a group of middle school students in Beijing named themselves "Chairman Mao's Red Guards." Mao's support for them led to the name "Red Guard" being adopted by groups who were sanctioned by Mao and his supporters to "rebel against the system" all over China.
		Once the Red Guards had served their purpose of overturning the old order, these restive young people were exiled from the cities to be re-educated by the peasants in the countryside.
		For many young people in China today, images of fanatical Red Guards dressed in old army jackets and wearing red armbands, waving copies of Mao's Little Red Book and chanting "Long Live Chairman Mao!", are all that remain of the complex, at times idealistic, and often violent student movement of the Cultural Revolution.
	www.tsquare.tv /tour/rg.html (264 words)

	The Harbinger. A Letter from China: Who Were Red Guards?
		The following is a real interview between a former member of the Red Guard and his daughter who is 24 years old and was not even born at the time it happened.
		Father: the Red Guard at first were only middle school students who could not have any connection with land owners, industrialists, educators or relatives living in Taiwan, Hong Kong or foreign countries.
		Father: No, what really happened is that the Maoist wing of the Red Guard had become so violent and radical in their zeal and desire to reform Chinese culture that Mao had to call in the army to stop their destruction.
	www.theharbinger.org /xix/010327/china.html (1275 words)

	Rampaging 'Red Guards' (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Yesterday the Soviet Union protested to Peking against "hooliganism" outside the Soviet Embassy and harassment of the mission's officials, and Japanese newsmen in Peking reported that some of the Red Guards were injured in incidents with the public.
		Mao and Marshal Lin may be bypassing opposition to their policies through the use of Red Guards, and they may even by planning to use the young demonstrators to eliminate Mr.
		The present activities of the Red Guards may be aimed at creating a receptive environment for introduction of a whole range of radical social, political and economic changes.
	partners.nytimes.com /library/world/asia/082866red-guards.html (645 words)

	Bookreporter.com - Author Profile: Anchee Min
		During the Cultural Revolution, she was chosen to become a leader of the Little Red Guards.
		The Little Red Guards were a group of elementary school children who supported and believed in Mao's ideas.
		I read him when I was 14 in a dark storage where Red Guards placed their rooted goods.
	www.bookreporter.com /authors/au-min-anchee.asp (1140 words)

	Rennteam.com: Opinions of Guards Red
		My original order consisted of an S Cab in Guards Red with a fl top as I was trying to get away from the sea of Silver and Grey cars in the market today.
		Although the Guards Red examples were a little dirty, the paint just appeared flat.
		Red is the color most likely to fade - particularly since I don't think Porsche used clear coat with their reds.
	www.rennteam.com /showflat.php?Number=85074 (1251 words)

	Hu Jintao and the Red Guards
		A mob of 20,000 Red Guards, including Qinghua University students, stormed the embassy in August 1967, setting it on fire and kicking and beating 18 men and five women inside.
		On Aug. 24, 1966, Red Guards from the Qinghua University Middle School were transported to Qinghua campus, where they beat up administrators and professors, including Liang Sicheng, an architectural historian who had drawn up a plan for the preservation of old Beijing that had angered Mao.
		The Guards forced the faculty to pull down a white marble monument commemorating the founding of the university in 1905.
	www.sfgate.com /cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/2003/03/23/IN32371.DTL (743 words)

	Living Revolution \| Red Guards \| Uniform
		One group of Beijing student rebels decided to call themselves ‘Red Guards’, hong weibing, and they saw themselves as soldiers (bing) who were fighting to protect (wei) the Revolution and Mao thought (represented by the word ‘red’ or hong).
		The new revolution of 1966 was also a nostalgic retro-revolution, one that expressed a longing, in both Mao and the Red Guards, for a lost era of revolutionary ardor, purity and enthusiasm.
		During July and August of 1966, old army uniforms, broad leather belts, arm bands and military caps became popular among the Red Guards and other middle-school students as a sign of their revolutionary purity, and as proof of their impeccable family background.
	www.morningsun.org /living/redguards/uniform.html (227 words)

	Library of Congress / Federal Research Division / Country Studies / Area Handbook Series/ China / Glossary
		Cadres are required to be both red and expert, the emphasis on one or the other depending on the current political milieu.
		Acting under the leadership of Mao and his radical adherents, Red Guards were the "soldiers" and the vanguard of the Cultural Revolution.
		The term Red Guard was derived from the early days of the Chinese Communist Party's armed struggle.
	lcweb2.loc.gov /frd/cs/china/cn_glos.html (2744 words)

	Red Guards -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Trousers are light blue, with a red stripe for noncommissioned and commissioned officers.
		Red Square is really a rectangle and the origin of the name is interesting.
		The Red Waddle was one of the first breeds of swine developed in America.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9062942 (897 words)

	Cultural Revolution Red Guards
		This rare Cultural Revolution color ceramics features a Chinese female red guard and male red guard, each wearing the typical red guards uniform, and Mao's pins.
		The male red guard is seen holding a big bucket of paste in one hand and another big letter news on another, the female is holding a big brush and a red book.
		During Cultural Revolution, these red guards posted big letter news and praised mao and criticized those counter-revolutionaries who were thought to be against Mao.
	www.1930shanghai.com /items/133099/item133099store.html (112 words)

	Living Revolution \| Red Guards
		For many people today, images of fanatical Red Guards dressed in old army jackets and wearing red armbands, waving copies of Mao's Little Red Book and chanting "Long Live Chairman Mao!", are all that remain of the complex, at times idealistic, and often violent student movement of the Cultural Revolution.
		While young participants in the Cultural Revolution are commonly referred to simply as “Red Guards,” in reality, they were originally one specific group of students.
		These students decided to call themselves ‘Red Guards’, hong weibing; they saw themselves as soldiers (bing) who were fighting to protect (wei) the Revolution and Mao Zedong Thought (represented by the word ‘red’ or hong).
	www.morningsun.org /living/redguards/redguards.html (390 words)

	The Cultural Revolution
		Red Guards of the Kwangsi Nationality College in a remote suburban area arrived in the morning at the Station for the Reception of the Masses operated according to the revolutionary rules.
		In shops that the Red Guards of Nan-ning Ninth Middle School and revolutionary teachers and students visited, they were received warmly by the workers and employees, who were determined to respond to their revolutionary proposals.
		The workers of the New South Barber Shop at the suggestion of the Red Guards took down the pictures showing decadent bourgeois hair styles such as the "wave-type" and "big western style" and indicated that they would in future refuse to do such bizarre hair styles for their clients.
	www.wwnorton.com /college/history/ralph/workbook/ralprs41a.htm (633 words)

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