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Topic: Red Lady of Paviland

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	Great Sites: Paviland Cave
		But at the time when the 'Red Lady' was unearthed she - or rather he - was not only the first such burial to be found but also the first human fossil ever to have been recovered anywhere in the world.
		Jacobi undertook a rigorous analysis of both the 'Red Lady' burial and human presence at Goat's Hole and concluded that parallels could be found within the Belgian Aurignacian for the ivory artefacts associated with the interment and that the 'Red Lady' was therefore likely to be of that age.
		Paviland cave was occupied by the hunters of the Gravettian mammoth steppe as a functional shelter; but there may also have been an aura of sanctity attached to the place, explaining the burial here of the 'Red Lady'.
	www.arcl.ed.ac.uk /a1/stoppress/stop901.htm (2390 words)

	Explore Gower › Paviland Cave - Goat's Hole
		The "Red Lady of Paviland" itself, is housed in the University Museum of Oxford, where it was first presented by Buckland - there being no suitable museum in Wales at the time of his excavation of the cave.
		The skeleton of the "Red Lady of Paviland", as it is still fondly known, is now recognised as belonging to one of the earliest orders of modern man and offers one of only a few examples of the biology and behaviour of our ancestors.
		Paviland is now recognised as an exceptional archaeological site and, given the rather grand nature of his internment, the "Red Lady" is considered to have been a very important man amongst his people.
	www.explore-gower.co.uk /pavilandcave.html (839 words)

	Red Lady of Paviland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Red Lady of Paviland is a fairly complete Stone Age-era human male skeleton dyed in red ochre discovered in 1823 by Rev. William Buckland in one of the Paviland limestone caves of the Gower Peninsula in south Wales.
		His are the oldest human remains found in the United Kingdom, as well as the oldest known ceremonial burial in Western Europe.
		Bone protein analysis indicates that the "lady" lived on a diet that consisted of between 15% and 20% fish, which, together with the distance from the sea, suggests that the people may have been semi-nomadic, or that the tribe transported the body from a coastal region for burial.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Red_Lady_of_Paviland (654 words)

	Who was the Red Lady of Paviland?
		It was assumed to be that of a female and, as the bones had been coloured with red ochre, the skeleton became known as that of the Red Lady of Paviland.
		As Paviland is in the southernmost part of Wales, it was probably not covered in ice in the following millennia.
		Thus, it is possible that those living around Paviland at the time of the burial - a people with an Upper Palaeolithic or Later Old Stone Age culture - are among the ancestors of the present population of Wales.
	www.funtrivia.com /askft/Question56043.html (157 words)

	Archaeological Sites (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		It was the first evidence of a ritual burial where a young man was buried and covered in red ochre and accompanied by grave goods mad out of bone, antler, and ivory.
		Paviland is the richest Early Upper Paleolithic site in the British Isles and is the only ceremonial burial of the Aurignacian age.
		The Red Lady of Paviland was buried with ivory ornaments and perforated sea-shell necklaces among other items.
	www.mnsu.edu /emuseum/archaeology/sites/europe/paviland_cave.html (188 words)

	Paviland Cave and The Red Lady
		The Red Lady of Paviland was a fairly complete human skeleton dyed in red ochre that was discovered in 1826 by the Reverend William Buckland in one of the Paviland limestone caves at)Goat’s Hole Cave).
		The "lady" has since been identified as a young man who lived 29,000 years ago (26,350 +/- 550 BP, OxA-1815) at the end of the Upper Paleolithic Period (old stone age), and are the oldest human remains found in the United Kingdom, as well as being the oldest ceremonial burial in Western Europe.
		Bone protein analysis indicates that the "lady" lived on a diet that consisted of between 15% and 20% fish, which, together with the distance from the sea, suggests that the people may have been semi nomadic.
	www.walesonline.com /info/hist/paviland.shtml (316 words)

	Creswell, Cheddar and Paviland: Current Archaeology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		They revealed evidence for the extensive hunting and processing of horse and red deer, with radiocarbon dates indicating that the cave was used by humans for at least a millennium during the late glacial.
		Other argued that perhaps the red lady gave us the only surviving traces of the permafrost dwellers of north-western Europe; on the other side of Europe, out on the Russian plain groups of hunter-gatherers had weathered the worst excesses of the last ice age living in semi-permanent campsites made of mammoth bones.
		Eventually the Paviland problem was resolved, when a further specimen of the red lady was dated by AMS, and proved to be 26,000 rather than 18,000 years old.
	web.onetel.com /~ruthcharles/CurrentArch.htm (2562 words)

	Elder faith - The English Companions Gathering \| Forums \| Karl's Tidunga (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		I see that a self-styled "druid" has spent the weekend camped out in a Gower cave in an effort to have the "Red Lady of Paviland" (who is actually male) returned to his burial-place from Oxford.
		The 'Red Lady' is pre-Roman and therefore presumably, if I understand Bob correctly, would have spoken Old English.
		The "Red Lady of Paviland"(as Karl pointed out, correctly, a man) has been known to be a prehistoric human, for a long, long time.
	www.tha-engliscan-gesithas.org.uk /gegaderung/link.asp?TOPIC_ID=4187 (469 words)

	self centred softy: Red Hot Ochre
		From the reconstruction drawing it looks as if the Red Lady of Paviland and his family wore a type of suede ugg boot so his dorsal bones would have been in great shape.
		The Red Lady was in fact a young man of status and not a Roman prostitute as originally claimed by the geologist Rev William Buckland of Oxford University who found the bones in the Gower cave in 1823.
		Red ochre was also used as a limewash pigment on the outside of some houses in Carmarthenshire, up until the late 19th century.
	visitwestwales.blogs.com /self_centred_softy/2004/05/red_hot_ochre.html (452 words)

	Earthsongs: International Journal of the Society of Celtic Shamans, ISSN: 1499-0482, Volume 9, Issue 4, copyright ...
		Goat's Hole, Paviland, was re excavated and examined in 1912 by a Professor Sollas.(Gower pg1) He had a more open minded approach and scientific means of dating for identifying the remains.
		The Red Lady was proved to be a Red Man, a young man that lived 29,000 years ago, at the end of the Upper Paleolithic Period.
		The "Red Man" must have been a very important man amongst his people or it just may have been their habit to honour their dead and he is the only surviving evidence to date.
	www.faeryshaman.org /es94/es94reg3.htm (1538 words)

	BBC - South West Wales - Hall of Fame
		In 1823 the remains of the Red Lady of Paviland were discovered by palaeontologist and clergyman Reverend William Buckland, who removed them from the Goat's Hole cave on Gower.
		The Paviland man was buried with ornaments like shells, ivory, and mammoth bones, and his skeleton was packed with red ochre.
		So based on the fact, the painted lady has all the signs of being a Basque he should be on show in Wales.
	www.bbc.co.uk /wales/southwest/halloffame/innovators/ladypaviland.shtml (540 words)

	Gowers Paviland Cave Grave Robbers
		The "Red Lady" was discovered in 1823 by clergyman archaeologist the Rev William Buckland who mistook the skeleton for that of a woman because it was dyed red and covered in ornate jewellery.
		It was later discovered the skeleton, by this time widely known as the Red Lady of Paviland, was in fact that of an important male chieftain and dated back an incredible 26,000 years.
		An Elgin Marbles style campaign to secure the return to Wales of the Red Lady was begun two years ago by Swansea councillor Ioan Richard.
	nssmembersforum.proboards28.com /index.cgi?board=paleontology&action=print&thread=1159206136 (395 words)

	Campaign to return 'Red Lady' to Wales :: Paganality.com :: (yes, it's magik :) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		The skeleton of the 'Red Lady' complete with jewellery and a mammoth's head marker was discovered in 1823 at Paviland Cave on Gower.
		Later analysis showed the skeleton to be that of a man, possibly a chieftain, but the Red Lady tag stuck.
		But David Laws, from Oxwich, Gower, close to where the Red Lady was first discovered claims when he visited the skeleton exhibition in Oxford he found it "in a dusty cabinet".
	www.paganality.com /print.php?sid=7183 (363 words)

	BBC - Wales History - The Stone Age in Wales
		In 1822, the Reverend William Buckland led an excavation in the Paviland Cave and unearthed the first ever pre-historic man. As well as 5,000 artefacts and bones, a shallow grave holding 'The Red Lady of Paviland' was discovered.
		The Severn estuary was prime hunter-gatherer territory as evidenced by footprints of men, red deer, pelicans and some of the earliest sheep in the British Isles.
		The red dragon was widely used in battle for over 1,000 years.
	www.bbc.co.uk /wales/history/sites/rr/pages/rr-1.shtml (627 words)

	Taphophilia (dot) Com - Wonder at the 'Red Lady' skeleton from Gower (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		The remains were found in Paviland or Goat's Hole Cave, Gower, in 1823 by William Buckland, Professor of Geology at Oxford.
		But in addition to knowing that the "Red Lady" was in fact a man, we now know that both the burial and ivory ornaments placed with it were not Roman but rather Paleolithic in age.
		Even so, study of the bones of the "Red Lady" showed that he was certainly a man, 5ft10in, aged 25-30.
	www.taphophilia.com /modules.php?name=News&file=print&sid=3347 (554 words)

	Caves of Britain: Paviland Cave
		The person was covered by red ochre, so soon it was commonly known as Red Lady of Paviland.
		Modern archaeology identified the Red Lady of Paviland as a man, no older than 21, who lived 29,000 years ago (26,350 ± 550 BP, OxA-1815) at the end of the Upper Paleolithic Period.
		The ice sheet of the Devensian Glaciation, the last ice age, advanced towards the site, and the weather was cold, 10°C in summer, -20° in winter.
	www.showcaves.com /english/gb/caves/Paviland.html (359 words)

	Iron Ochre (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Samples of iron or red ochre, a mineral associated with some of the bone caves of the Gower Peninsula.
		With Bacon Hole (named after the red iron oxide mineral streaks that traverse its walls), which was discovered in 1912 by Abbe Henri Breuil and Professor William Sollas.
		The remains, which are housed at Oxford University (although replicas may be viewed at Swansea Museum), had been stained by red ochre, used to cover the body during its burial rites.
	www.swanseaheritage.net /article/print_ver.asp?ARTICLE_ID=576 (107 words)

	The Druids Utterance - Home (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		The 26,000-year-old skeleton discovered in the Paviland cave on Gower is set to return to Wales.
		Chris Warwick, who is now a druid, said places like Paviland cave on Gower should be treated the same way as modern graveyards.
		A skeleton, about 26,000 years old, was discovered in the cave in the 1800s and dubbed the red lady of Paviland.
	druidsutterance.net (633 words)

	Amazon.fr : Paviland Cave and the Red Lady: Livres en anglais: Stephen Aldhouse-Green (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Amazon.fr : Paviland Cave and the Red Lady: Livres en anglais: Stephen Aldhouse-Green
		He unearthed the remains of a young adult male, covered with red ochre, but the body soon became the subject of debate, not least because of its early mis-identification as the ‘Red Lady’ of Paviland.
		The dating evidence suggests that the Aurignacian appeared relatively late in Britain, towards 28,000 BP, and that Britain was only infrequently visited by task groups or - more controversially - pilgrims during the climatic downturn from 27,000 BP until the onset of the Last Glacial Maximum.
	www.amazon.fr /Paviland-Cave-Lady-Stephen-Aldhouse-Green/dp/0953541819 (330 words)

	Blackwell Online - A History of Wales
		The book traces the history of Wales from the earliest times to the present day, from the first Welshman at Ffynnan Bueno to the miners' strike, from the Red Lady of Paviland to the establishment of the Welsh TV channel.
		From the first Welshmen at Ffynnon Beuno to the miners' strike, from the Red Lady of Paviland to the establishment of the Welsh television channel, from the end of the Ice Age to the politics of today, this book is a comprehensive and detailed study of the whole span and history of Wales.
		John Davies won the Welsh Arts Council Book Prize for Non-Fiction in 1991 for the Welsh version of this book "Hanes Cymru", and he is also the author of "Cardiff and the Marquesses of Bute".
	bookshop.blackwell.co.uk /jsp/welcome.jsp?action=search&type=isbn&term=0140145818&source=3246541172 (228 words)

	Campaign To Bring 'Red Lady' Back To Swansea After 180 Years
		The skeleton of the "red lady", complete with jewellery and a mammoth's head grave marker, is regarded as one of the world's most important archaeological finds.
		Later analysis showed the skeleton to be that of a man, probably a chieftain, but the Red Lady tag has stuck.
		The Red Lady of Paviland was excavated by the Reverend William Buckland, who was the first Professor of Geology at Oxford University at the time.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-news/1309136/posts (711 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Wales \| South West Wales \| Ancient skeleton to return home
		The skeleton, known as the Red Lady of Paviland, was discovered in the 1820s and taken to Oxford University.
		As the skeleton was stained with red ochre and elaborately buried with artefacts, Buckland misinterpreted the find as a young female prostitute from Roman times.
		But the body turned out to be that of a young man, who was many thousands of years older, and had been buried with great dignity and ritual.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/wales/south_west/6038026.stm (372 words)

	The Official Graham Hancock Website: Newsdesk
		AN Elgin Marbles-style campaign has begun to secure the return to Wales of the Red Lady of Paviland, one of the world's most important archaeological finds.
		The skeleton of the "Red Lady" complete with jewellery and a mammoth's head marker was discovered in 1823 at Paviland Cave on Gower.
		Later analysis showed the skeleton to be that of a man, possibly a chieftain, but the Red Lady tag stuck.
	www.grahamhancock.com /news/index.php?node=4275 (88 words)

	The Burial, Ritual and Magic of Mesolithic Man
		The body lies on two red deer antlers and has two flint blades near the stomach, perhaps originally in a bag.
		The Red Lady of Paviland Cave (actually a young man) is one of Britain's most famous Ice Age finds.
		The body was laid in a shallow grave and scattered with red ochre.
	museums.ncl.ac.uk /flint/archrit.html (662 words)

	Thirty Quirky - Science - RedOrbit
		An avenue of huge old yews lead from the churchyard gate to the porch of a church that accommodates ancient Ogham stones inside and a wonderful carved stone cross outside.
		One of the trees is called 'the bleeding yew' not because it's a nuisance, but because it oozes its red sap every year in sympathy with the suffering of Christ.
		Check out the tide timetable first, wear a pair of stout boots and be prepared to clamber over the rocks and up a steep cliff to an almost inaccessible cave where a skeleton was discovered in 1826.
	www.redorbit.com /news/science/599260/thirty_quirky/index.html (1725 words)

	Paviland Cave, Gower, South Wales - Natural Cave Entrances on Waymarking.com
		Quick Description: Paviland or Goat's Hole cave is of significant archaelogical interest.
		The excavator, Rev. William Buckland initially thought that it was the remains of a woman, probably of a Roman prostitute or witch.
		Please include a digital photograph of the cave which documents your visit and any information that may be helpful for future visitors.
	www.waymarking.com /wm/details.aspx?f=1&guid=faa8cf65-114b-434f-93af-aec9baafcdb9 (297 words)

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