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Topic: Redistricting

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	Legislative Guide - Redistricting
		As a result, state legislatures were forced to draw redistricting plans consistent with constitutional and statutory requirements or else be subject to having their congressional and legislative districts drawn by the courts.
		Redistricting in Iowa, as well as the rest of the nation, forever changed in 1962 when the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that a challenge to a redistricting plan could be brought and resolved in court.
		As to the initial redistricting plan delivered to the General Assembly by the Legislative Service Bureau, the Commission is required to schedule and conduct at least three public hearings in different geographic regions of the state and to issue a report to the General Assembly summarizing the information and testimony received.
	www.legis.state.ia.us /Central/LSB/Guides/redist.htm (7059 words)

	Redistricting - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The process known as redistricting in the United States and redistribution in many Commonwealth countries is the changing of political borders (in many countries, specifically the electoral district/constituency boundaries) usually in response to periodic census results.
		In 6 states (Arizona, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, New Jersey and Washington), congressional redistricting is performed by an independent, bipartisan commission.
		In the remaining 44 states, the state legislature has primary responsibility for creating a redistricting plan, subject to approval by the state governor.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Redistricting (245 words)

	Gerrymandering - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The cartoon depicts the bizarre shape of one district as a salamander.
		Gerrymandering (usually pronounced with a soft G, [ʤɛɹimændɚ]) is a controversial form of redistricting in which electoral district or constituency boundaries are manipulated for an electoral advantage.
		As an example, much of the redistricting conducted in the United States in the early 1990s involved the intentional creation of additional "majority-minority" districts where racial minorities such as African Americans were packed into the majority.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gerrymandering (3811 words)

	SVREP - Redistricting
		During the reapportionment and redistricting process of 1980-82 and 1990-92, Latino advocates and legislators utilized the threat of the Voting Rights Act (VRA) to gain significant leverage over legislatures that had a history of drawing racially gerrymandered electoral districts that diminished Latino participation and fair representation.
		The redistricting challenge requires that a base of trained and organized leadership be developed in every community where Latinos have an opportunity to increase their representation.
		SVREP is in contact with leaders from the Alianza en Progreso, the Concejo Colombo-Americano, the Grupo de Dominicanos Profesionales, the Grupo de Accion Comunitaria Dominicana, the Borinquen Clinic, the Latino Leadership Institute, the Latino Voters League, and the Haitian American Foundation.
	www.svrep.org /redistricting.html (1215 words)

	Baltimore City Council: Council Redistricting Process (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		Redistricting is the process of redrawing the boundaries of electoral districts.
		Baltimore City is required to redistrict after the census is completed and new population data is available to accurately distribute the population among districts.
		Redistricting for Baltimore City is the process of dividing the City into districts of approximately equal population for the election of members to serve on the City Council.
	www.baltimorecitycouncil.com /redistricting.htm (525 words)

	Public Interest Guide to Redistricting
		Horton and Kinnaird propose a nine-member redistricting commission with three members named by the governor and two each named by the Supreme Court chief justice, the speaker of the House and the president pro tem of the Senate.
		The redistricting ruckus that erupted last fall was one big mess, with cases bouncing from court to court.
		The brief meetings Tuesday were the lull between last week's race to pass redistricting maps by a court-imposed deadline and the next pivotal scene in the legislature's redistricting drama that begins today, when a Superior Court judge in Smithfield holds a hearing on the constitutionality of the House and Senate plans.
	www.fairvote.org /redistricting/reports/remanual/ncnews.htm (8184 words)

	Fraud Factor - Redistricting, Gerrymander, Gerrymandering, Reapportionment, and Election Fraud
		The redistricting programs can also make use of other demographic data, including income level, race, religion, age, and gender, in addition to political party affiliation to fine-tune which voters are included or excluded for each new election district and its various precincts.
		Redistricting Map 5A can be redrawn to retain District 5, the green vertical column of four squares on the far right, and to replace Districts 1-4, the remaining four districts on the left with straight horizontal rather than straight vertical districts.
		As a minimum, any proposed redistricting map should be validated, ranked, and either accepted or rejected by a computer program using various compactness and fairness metrics computed for each election district and for the entire collection of districts.
	www.fraudfactor.com /ffgerrymander.html (13962 words)

	Common Cause Blog :: Redistricting
		A redistricting plan should be found unconstitutional, they say, "when it is enacted solely to skew future election results in favor of one political party and against another, at a time when a perfectly lawful map is already in place and there is no other legitimate justification for changing the district lines."
		Kevin McCarthy's bill to take the redistricting process out of the hands of the legislature, and we have worked with Governor Schwarzenegger to urge the legislature to come to a compromise that takes the redistricting process out of the hands of state legislators.
		Redistricting, unfortunately, is kind of a pinhead issue - how many people even know what it is? But in reality, it plays a huge role in how members of the House of Representatives are elected, and ultimately how they act.
	www.commonblog.com /section/redistricting (2265 words)

	Proposition 77 - Official Title and Summary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		Redistricting plan effective when adopted by panel and filed with Secretary of State; governs next statewide primary/general elections even if voters reject plan.
		If voters reject redistricting plan, process repeats, but officials elected under rejected plan serve full terms.
		Potential reduction in costs for each redistricting effort after 2010, but net impact would depend on decisions by voters.
	www.voterguide.ss.ca.gov /prop77/title_summary.shtml (143 words)

	LWV \| Redistricting Reform
		Redistricting reform is an issue that goes to the heart of our democratic system of government.
		It is time to stop partisan redistricting and develop mechanisms to ensure fair results, so that elections determine the shape of our legislatures.
		The principles were endorsed by the League of Women Voters as well as other reform organizations and individuals as one way of moving ahead to achieve real redistricting reform.
	www.lwv.org /AM/Template.cfm?Section=Redistricting (437 words)

	The New Yorker: Fact
		The court has long held that legislators may not discriminate on the basis of race in redistricting, but the question now before the court is whether, or to what extent, they may consider politics in defining congressional boundaries.
		The transformation of congressional redistricting began long before the 2000 census, and the crucial issue was race.
		“Redistricting deals with inherently political questions,” J. Bart DeLone, the senior deputy state attorney general who will argue for the case for Pennsylvania, said, “and those questions should be left to the political branches of government, where they belong, not to the courts.
	www.newyorker.com /fact/content/?031208fa_fact (4552 words)

	USNews.com: The National Interest: O'Connor departure may alter redistricting law (7/7/05)
		O'Connor brought to the redistricting cases a unique credential: She is the only member of the current court to have won elections and to have served in elective office.
		She was elected as a Republican to the Arizona Senate in 1970 and 1972 and was elected majority leader in 1972, and she was elected to the Maricopa County Superior Supreme Court in 1974 before she was nominated, by Democratic Gov. Bruce Babbitt, to the Arizona Supreme Court in 1979.
		Reno, she proclaimed that, while it was impermissible for the legislature to consider race in redistricting, it was quite all right for it to consider partisan advantage.
	www.usnews.com /usnews/opinion/baroneweb/mb_050707.htm (611 words)

	Austin, Texas - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		One consequence of this is that in the most recent redistricting plan, formulated by U.S. Rep. Tom DeLay and imposed by the Republican-majority legislature, the central city has been split among multiple sprawling districts that do not conform to any unifying economic, geographic or cultural theme.
		However, two of its three congressional districts are presently held by Republicans; this is largely due to the 2003 redistricting, which left Austin with no congressional seat of its own.
		Travis County was also the only county in Texas to reject Texas Constitutional Amendment Proposition 2 — effectively outlawing gay marriage and status equal or similar to it — and did so by a wide margin (40% for, 60% against).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Austin,_Texas (3793 words)

	The Washington Monthly
		Reform of the redistricting process is a hot button of mine, but I wouldn't vote for an initiative that reformed the process here in California even if I thought it was the most brilliant piece of legislation I'd ever laid eyes on.
		Every redistricting has winners and losers and there is often some grumbling about the results, but everyone respects the process and abides by the outcome.
		Seems like the idea of national redistricting and a larger House would be amenable to a Concord Coalition type approach: get a bipartisan group of goo-goo former members together and have them draw up maps, and then go flog them in the media.
	www.washingtonmonthly.com /archives/individual/2004_09/004738.php (15086 words)

	Minneapolis Redistricting News
		The 2002 redistricting process was completed and implemented during the 2002 election cycle for county, state and federal offices.
		In a year ending in the number two following the Census a Redistricting Commission shall be established to draw ward boundaries so that population in each ward is nearly equal as practicable, or within plus or minus five percent of the ideal population.
		The redistricting plan must be passed by a majority vote of the Redistricting Commission.
	www.ci.minneapolis.mn.us /redistricting (275 words)

	Center for Governmental Studies / California Governance - Redistricting
		Experts cite redistricting, the process that effectively determines a district's composition, as the variable most responsible for low-turnaround, not to mention its connection to inequitable partisan legislative representation.
		With one redistricting measure already on the November 2005 ballot, a compromise between the Legislature and Governor could offer voters a far better redistricting measure.
		The USC California Policy Institute is a nonpartisan, multi-issue research organization whose mission is to foster dialogue between the research ad policy communities and to promote the use of relevant research in the policymaking process.
	www.cgs.org /projects/politicalreform/redistricting.html (693 words)

	CQ Today: Redistricting (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		While redistricting futures are an imperative investment for both parties, they are more so for the Democrats, who have been in the House minority since 1995.
		The GOP poured huge sums into the 2002 legislative elections and won control of the Texas House; the party, which already held the state Senate and governor’s office, then enacted a map that netted them a gain of five congressional seats in 2004.
		Even Democrats charged with getting their party better positioned for the next redistricting concede that their Republican rivals have for years outperformed them at recruiting and fielding state legislative candidates, analyzing local voting and demographic trends and pinpointing the best districts to target for a well-funded and well-coordinated campaign.
	www.governing.com /articles/9cqremap.htm (723 words)

	Redistricting
		Currently, the California Legislature is responsible for redistricting the state into its congressional districts.
		Because a single party now controls both houses of the California Legislature and the Governor's Office, it is in the best interest of the Democrat party to unfairly redistrict California so that party will have more seats than the Republican party.
		In 1812, Governor Gerry signed a bill into law that redistricted his state to overwhelmingly and unfairly benefit his and Thomas Jefferson's Democrat-Republican party.
	www.peoplesadvocate.org /redistricting.html (468 words)

	[No title]
		It also distorts the politicians it protects, forcing them to appeal in the primary election to loyal hard-liners of their party rather than the possibly undecided and party-switching center.
		Four generations of California Governors support revising the redistricting process.
		The 23rd Congressional District is a sight to behold, click to see how far legislators will go to eliminate competition.
	www.fairdistricts.com (220 words)

	California Redistricting Resources
		Efforts to to change Califiornia's redistricting process continued apace after legislative districts were redrawn in 2001.
		The 2001 redistricting plan was enacted in two separate bills: AB632 covering Senate and Congressional districts, and SB802 covering Assembly and Board of Equalization districts.
		Data collected and processed by the Database is the basis for state legislative and local redistricting in 2001.
	www.igs.berkeley.edu /library/reapp (401 words)

	Florida's Committee for Fair Elections (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		Redistricting is the process of redrawing state legislative and congressional district boundaries.
		However, as new developments in computer technology have become more sophisticated, the original intent of redistricting has been lost.
		It is clearly a conflict of interest to vest the legislature with redistricting responsibilities.
	www.committeeforfairelections.com (426 words)

	Technorati Tag: Redistricting (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		Independents For CA Redistricting Reform Independent voters have joined with other reform groups to put a new redistricting reform initiative on the 2006 California ballot.
		The Metropolitan News-Enterprise reports: A legislative redistricting plan does not violate the state Constitution merely because it splits a city...
		Lani Guinier and Gerald Torres write in the Boston Globe: DURING ORAL arguments on the Texas redistricting case March 1, Chief Justice John Roberts...
	technorati.com /tag/Redistricting (487 words)

	Signifying Nothing: Tell 'em about it, Joe-Joe! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		calls on Mississippi to adopt a non-partisan redistricting panel to set congressional and state legislative districts, noting the mess resulting from the last redistricting round in 2001.
		As noted before, a initiative to place a constitutional amendment on the ballot would be a long-shot, but perhaps the prospect of another fight over congressional districts will get the legislature to consider adopting a non-partisan districting proposal.
		While this arrangement does preserve the check of requiring both bodies to agree, it's not clear how much of a check this is as a practical matter (free grad student paper idea: compare the rate of passage of legislation in the Nebraska legislature to a bicameral state).
	blog.lordsutch.com /?topic=71 (2775 words)

	BeldarBlog: It's all about making people think it's all about race: Fisking Michelle Goldberg's Salon article on Texas ...
		If the senators are stubborn, it's partly because they've come to see their stance against redistricting as a civil rights struggle, not a political quarrel.
		But the redistricting standoff comes at a time when fls and Latinos are on track to become majorities in Texas, leading some Texas Democrats to believe Republicans are using redistricting to limit the effect of demographic changes.
		To the extent that the Republicans' redistricting proposals discriminate against Anglos, I actually do agree that is unfortunate — even though I don't have much personal sympathy for these "good ole [white] boys" as the victims of this reverse discrimination.
	beldar.blogs.com /beldarblog/2003/09/its_all_about_m.html (4237 words)

	NCSLnet: Redistricting
		Legal Developments in Redistricting Since 2000: This article will appear in an upcoming issue of the ASLCS Journal.
		Overview of Redistricting Commissions: A short summary of how some states conduct redistricting outside the legislature.
		Come to D.C., to have an impact on the hottest federal issues for states while enjoying the wonderful cherry blossom festival.
	www.ncsl.org /programs/legman/elect/redist.htm (125 words)

	CNN.com - Texas House paralyzed by Democratic walkout - May. 19, 2003
		The Democrats are trying to thwart a GOP redistricting plan they say is being pushed by U.S. Rep. Tom DeLay, the majority leader in the U.S. House of Representatives and a Texan.
		The walkout is similar to a 1979 gambit by a group of 12 state senators, dubbed the "Killer Bees," who hid out for several days to block changes to the state's presidential primaries.
		Political observers say the redistricting plan before the House could mean a shift of up to five seats to the Republicans, giving them a 20-12 edge over Democrats in the Texas congressional delegation and better odds of keeping control of Congress.
	www.cnn.com /2003/ALLPOLITICS/05/13/texas.legislature (851 words)

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