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	redshift (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The measure of this redshifting of light is given by the quantity z, which is defined as the change in wavelength of a given spectral line divided by the laboratory standard wavelength for that same spectral line.
		The quantisations of the redshift that were noted in these studies were on a relatively small scale, but analysis revealed a basic quantisation that was at the root of the effect, of which the others were simply higher multiples.
		Redshift is determined by observing spectral lines of specific elements in a source, and noting how far they have moved from their laboratory (rest frame) wavelength.
	www.setterfield.org /Redshift.htm (13517 words)

	Redshift Surveys of the Local Universe
		[Colless] gave an overview of the survey's status, reporting that, as of August 1999, 227 of the 1093 survey fields have been observed, yielding redshifts for 53,192 objects, of which 50,180 are galaxies (the remainder are mostly stars plus a handful of QSOs).
		Figure 2 shows both the 2dF galaxy and QSO surveys on a single redshift cone diagram; the density of sampling of the galaxies at low redshift is complemented by the sparser QSO sample reaching out to beyond z=2.2.
		Survey observations are expected to begin in early 2000, with the whole SDSS, both photometric and spectroscopic surveys, taking 5 years to complete.
	www.atnf.csiro.au /pasa/17_3/colless/paper/node2.html (1274 words)

	Astronomical Survey Projects Resources
		DENIS is a deep complete survey of the astronomical sources of the Southern Sky in 2 near-infrared bands (J at 1.25 micron & K at 2.16 micron) and one optical band (I at 0.8 micron) simultaneously, using a one meter ground-based telescope at La Silla (Chile), with limiting magnitudes 18.5, 16.5 and 14.0, respectively.
		DENIS is a deep astronomical survey of the Southern Sky in two near-infrared bands (J at 1.25 µ and K at 2.16 µ) and one optical band (I at 0.8 µ) simultaneously, conducted by a European consortium, using a one meter telescope (ESO, La Silla).
		The survey is done in the bright emission of Hydrogen (Halpha 6563), Sulfur ([S II] 6724), and Oxygen ([O III] 5007) from the interstellar gas of these two galaxies to study the properties, kinematics, and dynamics of the "violent" interstellar medium.
	cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr /astroweb/survey.html (4675 words)

	K20 Redshift Survey
		The main scientific goal is to derive the redshift distribution and to compare it with the predictions of different galaxy formation models in order to derive stringent clues on the formation and evolution of the present-day massive galaxies.
		Presently we are completing the comparison between the observed redshift distribution of the whole sample of galaxies and the predictions of different models of galaxy formation and evolution.
		Moreover, in Bologna we are analyzing the spectroscopic sample, both studying the properties of the single object spectra, and constructing averaged template for different spectral classes and/or different redshift bins, with the aim of characterizing a possible spectral evolution.
	www.bo.astro.it /report01/node42.html (358 words)

	Astronomical survey projects (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The IRAS Point Source Catalog redshift survey is a survey of (almost) all of the 15,000 galaxies brighter than 0.6 Jansky at 60 microns, over 83% of the whole sky.
		The NRAO VLA Sky Survey (NVSS) is mapping the sky north of -40 deg declination at 1.4 GHz.
		In 1969, a two-color survey of the galactic plane was begun using the Palomar 48-in Oschin Schmidt telescope under the direction of Allan Sandage.
	web.bilkent.edu.tr /vl/astro/astroweb/yp_survey.html (1834 words)

	The 2MASS Redshift Survey at CfA (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.virginia.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The 2MASS Redshift Survey (2MRS) aims to map the distribution of galaxies and dark matter in the local universe, out to a mean redshift of z = 0.02 (or roughly 85 Mpc or 380 million light years).
		In the Southern hemisphere 2MASS objects are being observed as part of the 6dFRGS which is using the 6dF multi-fiber spectrograph on the 1.2m UK Schmidt in Siding Springs, Australia to map 150,000 2MASS galaxies in the Southern sky to a magnitude limit of K=12.75 mag and to within 10 deg of the Galactic plane.
		In the absence of a northern hemisphere equivalent to the 6dF, new redshift observations are done galaxy by galaxy using the 1.2m telescope at the Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory on Mt. Hopkins, AZ.
	cfa-www.harvard.edu.cob-web.org:8888 /~huchra/2mass (696 words)

	The K20 Redshift Survey
		We have completed the comparison between the observed redshift distribution of the whole sample of galaxies and different models of galaxy formation and evolution (Cimatti, Pozzetti et al., 2002).
		Moreover the K20 survey is triggering several follow up studies in which we are involved.
		The CDFS sub-area of the K20 survey is also a target of the HST+ACS GOODS Treasury Programme (P.I. Giavalisco) and of the SIRTF GOODS (P.I. Dickinson) Legacy Programme.
	www.bo.astro.it /report02/node44.html (590 words)

	The DEEP2 Redshift Survey
		The DEEP survey is a two-phased project using the Keck telescopes to study the distant Universe.
		Phase 2 of the DEEP project is using the new DEIMOS spectrograph to obtain spectra of ~50,000 faint galaxies with redshifts z>0.7.
		The survey is designed to have the fidelity of local redshift surveys such as the LCRS survey, and to be complementary to ongoing large redshift surveys such as the SDSS project and the 2dF survey.
	deep.berkeley.edu (283 words)

	The Canada-France Redshift Survey
		Therefore, there is no evidence for a substantial decrease with increasing redshift as expected if redder galaxies formed through mergers of massively star-forming sub-units, and the brightening is no more than a few tenths of magnitude as expected from the passive evolution of an old stellar population.
		The shape of the blue CFRS LF's as a function of redshift is also interesting because it raises the question of whether it can be adequately described by a Schechter function [\protect\astronciteSchechter1976].
		However, as stressed by the CFRS collaboration, there is a limited range of luminosities present in the survey at each epoch, and the parameter values of their Schechter segments were not intended as true determinations.
	www.ucolick.org /~simard/phd/root/node11.html (686 words)

	Board on Physics and Astronomy
		Our knowledge of galaxies and their distribution at low redshift is now substantial, and will rapidly improve in the next few years with the completion of the 2DF and SDSS redshift surveys.
		The DEEP2 redshift survey was designed to study the distant Universe with statistical power similar to recent studies of the local Universe, focusing on the properties of galaxies and their clustering at redshift z=1.
		In the time since the DEEP2 survey was first conceived, cosmology has undergone two major advances: we learned last year that the Universe is flat, and we learned the previous year that the expansion of the Universe is accelerating.
	www7.nationalacademies.org /bpa/1projects_cpu_proposals_deep2.html (1077 words)

	Large Scale Structure and Galaxy Evolution
		The great potential of SKA is that, unlike optical surveys, it will be able to find galaxies independent of effects of extinction and color using the HI, with the additional advantage that once an object has been found the HI line provides an accurate redshift at the same time.
		Figure 1.7 shows the integrated flux density as a function of redshift for a source with a CO luminosity as given by the galactic wind model, as well as for the standard galaxy (constant luminosity with z) with a CO luminosity of
		A useful quantity in determining the ability of the SKA to detect CO at high redshift, however, is the predicted peak flux density of CO at a given redshift.
	www.ras.ucalgary.ca /SKA/science/node4.html (3209 words)

	2dF QSO Redshift Survey (2QZ)
		A non-astronomer's guide to redshift surveys is being slowly developed.
		We are using the AAT Two-Degree Field (2dF) to obtain redshifts for > 25000 B < 21 QSOs in two 75° × 5° declination strips in the South Galactic Pole and in an equatorial region at the North Galactic cap.
		The primary scientific aims of the QSO survey are: (1) to obtain the primordial fluctuation power spectrum out to COBE scales, (2) to determine the rate of QSO clustering evolution in the non-linear and linear regimes and hence obtain new limits on the value of
	www.2dfquasar.org (157 words)

	CFA2S - CfA Redshift Survey: South Galactic Cap Data
		Redshifts for 2964 of these were measured as part of the second CfA Redshift Survey.
		The structures in this survey support the view that galaxies generally lie on surfaces surrounding or nearly surrounding low-density regions or voids.
		The CfA redshift survey: data for the South Galactic Cap.
	heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov /W3Browse/all/cfa2s.html (977 words)

	The CfA Redshift Survey and Catalog (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.virginia.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		This survey produce the first large area and moderately deep maps of large scale structure in the nearby universe, as well as the first crude but truly quantitative measurements of the 3-D clustering properties of galaxies.
		Redshift surveys are ways of mapping the distribution of galaxies around us.
		This set is essentially made up of objects fromt he CfA Survey in the north, the SSRS2 survey in the south, the ORS survey in regions not covered by the others plus the IRAS 1.2-Jy survey all over, especially at low galactic latitudes (the small points sprinkled throughout the map).
	cfa-www.harvard.edu.cob-web.org:8888 /~huchra/zcat (1690 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Team Keck Treasury Redshift Survey (TKRS) is a project of W.M. Keck Observatory to carry out a deep spectroscopic survey of galaxies within the boundaries of the GOODS-North field.
		Our survey follows the footsteps of Judy Cohen’s HDF Redshift Survey with LRIS (1996, 2000) and is complemented by two similar projects: Len Cowie’s DEIMOS survey of an additional 600 objects in the GOODS-North region and a sample of fainter targets observed by the Gemini North + GMOS group.
		In the spirit of a “Treasury” survey, TKRS aims at providing the astronomical community with a set of data free of proprietary period and a public database containing the redshifts - accurate to 100 km/sec, for 1536 objects, down to R= 24.3 magnitude.
	www2.keck.hawaii.edu /realpublic/science/tksurvey (502 words)

	Research
		In particular, I focus much of my time on the study of galaxy environments at a redshift of unity and their connections to galaxy properties, with an interest in exploring the role of local galaxy density on galaxy formation and evolution.
		The survey was completed in the Spring of 2003 using the DEIMOS instrument on the Keck II telescope.
		The survey includes confirmed (by eye) spectroscopic redshifts for 1440 galaxies and 96 stars in the field, with a median redshift of z = 0.65.
	astro.berkeley.edu /~cooper/research/index.html (720 words)

	Research@Astrophysics
		This project, involving a team of 30 astronomers from Australia and the UK, is the largest ever redshift survey undertaken, and exploits the unique capabilities of the Two Degree Field (2dF) Spectrograph facility on the 3.9m Anglo-Australian Telescope.
		The survey reached the 100,000 redshift mark in May 2000, and at its current rate of progress should be completed by the end of 2001.
		This approach is being used to amass highly accurate redshift, velocity dispersion, and spectral line index information for a large (N=200-300) and complete sample of clusters and their galaxies, in an effort to understand stucture/galaxy formation and evolution within these very dense systems.
	www.phys.unsw.edu.au /astro/research/lss.html (843 words)

	The IRAS PSCz Redshift Survey (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The IRAS PSC redshift survey is a redshift survey of some 15,000 galaxies detected in the IRAS Point Source Catalogue over 83% of the sky, making it the largest `full-sky' galaxy survey in existence.
		The survey is based on the IRAS Point Source Catalogue, with several small tweaks applied to achieve the best possible uniformity over the sky.
		The sky coverage near the galactic plane is limited by optical extinction, not by the IRAS data.
	www-astro.physics.ox.ac.uk /~wjs/pscz.html (831 words)

	New Analysis Of 2dF Redshift Galaxy Survey Presented
		The survey will reach its target of 250,000 by the end of the year, making it ten times larger than the largest previous survey.
		Together with the 2dF survey, this suggests that, in addition to the 30% mass density, 70% of the density of the Universe is in the form of "dark energy."
		The 2dF galaxy survey is the first to contain enough galaxies to clearly show such a change in clustering for brighter galaxies.
	unisci.com /stories/20012/0404014.htm (702 words)

	Redshift survey - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In astronomy, a redshift survey, or galaxy survey, is a survey of a section of the sky to measure the redshift of astronomical objects.
		Using Hubble's law, the redshift can be used to calculate the distance of an object from Earth.
		The most notable, recent and low-redshift surveys are the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Redshift_survey (190 words)

	AAS_Spring2000
		The redshift distribution is dominated by intermediate redshift galaxies to B < 24 — therefore, no large population of ultra-luminous, high redshift galaxies has been detected.
		= 1 to approximately a redshift of 0.6 (Smetanka 1997).
		Thus, this survey targets the population of galaxies observed to be undergoing the strongest evolution at intermediate redshifts (c.f.
	facweb.stvincent.edu /Academics/Physics/Smetanka/AAS_Spring2000.htm (1522 words)

	The Southern Sky Redshift Survey (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		We report redshifts, magnitudes and morphological classifications for 5369 galaxies with $m_B \leq 15.5$ and 57 galaxies fainter than this limit, in two regions covering a total of 1.70 steradians in the southern celestial hemisphere.
		This sample is in the direction opposite to the CfA2; in combination the two surveys provide an important database for studies of the properties of galaxies and their large-scale distribution in the nearby Universe.
		The number of galaxies in the survey is 5426: 3489 are in the southern galactic cap $b \leq -40^\circ$ and $\delta \leq -2.5^\circ$ (1.13 steradians), and 1937 are in the northern galactic cap $b \geq 35^\circ$ and $\delta \leq 0^\circ$ (0.57 steradians).
	cats.sao.ru /doc/SSRS2.html (450 words)

	Astronomy & Space
		The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey [ AAO
		First 196 2dF Galaxy Survey Spectra This is a clickable map - click on any fibre spectrum (near the centre of the image) to see a plot of the reduced spectrum.
		The 2dF Fornax Spectroscopic Survey The 2dF Fornax Spectroscopic Survey The Fornax cluster is one of the closest large galaxy clusters.
	www.msnusers.com /AstronomySpace/2dfsurvey.msnw (756 words)

	2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In astronomy, the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey (Two-degree-Field Galaxy Redshift Survey), or 2dFGRS is a redshift survey conducted by the Anglo-Australian Observatory with the 3.9m Anglo-Australian Telescope in the 1990s.
		This survey determined the large-scale structure in one section of the local Universe.
		The survey measured the redshifts of over 245,000 galaxies over an area of over 1500 square degrees.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/2dF_Galaxy_Redshift_Survey (101 words)

	THE OPTICAL REDSHIFT SURVEY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		It is a compilation of previous wide-angle redshift surveys plus about 1300 new redshift measurements.
		The ORS sample was drawn by applying these selection criteria to 3 major galaxy catalogs: the ESO-Uppsala Survey of the ESO(B) Atlas in declinations south of -17.5 degrees; the Uppsala General Catalogue (UGC) for declinations north of -2.5 degrees; the Extension to the Southern Galaxies Catalogue (ESGC) for the [-17.5, -2.5] declination strip.
		It is thus ideal for studying the properties of the galaxy distribution in the Local Universe, its clustering properties, galaxy segregation, main large scale structures, their shape, size and density contrast, etc. A list of ORS papers, both published and in preparation is also available.
	www.if.ufrgs.br /~santiago/research/ORSindex.html (334 words)

	Canada-France Redshift Survey (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Canada-France Redshift Survey (CFRS) is a collaboration between astronomers in Canada and France:
		The survey is based primarily on observations with the 3.6m Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT) on Mauna Kea, Hawaii.
		HST) and the survey forms also the basis of studies with a number of other ground-based and space facilities.
	www.lam.oamp.fr /tresse/cfrs/cfrs.html (246 words)

	Redshift Survey Strategies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The instrument should be able to measure $\sim$4000 galaxy redshifts (assuming a magnitude limit of $b_J \approx\ 20$) in a single dark night and is therefore ideally suited to studies of large-scale structure.
		We generate a survey volume and fill it randomly with particles according to a selection function which mimics a magnitude-limited survey at $b_J = 19.7$.
		Our particular concern is to understand how the window function $W^2(k)$ of the survey geometry compromises the accuracy of statistical measures [e.g., $P(k)$, $\xi(r)$, $\xi(r_\sigma,r_\pi)$] commonly used in the study of large-scale structure.
	www.aas.org /publications/baas/v26n4/aas185/abs/S5603.html (252 words)

	The Las Campanas Redshift Survey
		The typical redshift in the survey is 30000 km/s.
		The goal of the survey is to provide a large galaxy sample which permits detailed and accurate analyses of the properties of galaxies in the local universe.
		Moreover, the LCRS redshift catalog is now publicly available, and we welcome the interested investigator to obtain the data.
	qold.astro.utoronto.ca /~lin/lcrs.html (376 words)

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