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Topic: Reference range

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Reference ranges for common blood tests

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	Clinical Chemistry Basics-Reference ranges (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Reference ranges vary considerably from one laboratory to another, and are dependent on the methodology and instrumentation utilized.
		Reference ranges should be established by each laboratory, as they are instrumentation and reagent dependent.
		Reference ranges are usually determined from a population of healthy adult animals.
	www.diaglab.vet.cornell.edu /clinpath/modules/chem/refrange.htm (425 words)

	Reference ranges for common blood tests - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A reference range is a set of values used by a health professional to interpret a set of medical test results.
		The range is usually defined as the set of values 95% of the normal population falls within.
		It must be remembered that the reference range will vary, depending on the age, sex and race of a population, and even the machines the laboratory uses to do the tests.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Reference_ranges_for_common_blood_tests (225 words)

	neurotransmitter testing, amino acid therapy, 5-HTP, tyrosine, Mucuna, L-dopa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Reference ranges are required of a lab under CLIA federal licensing.
		In most cases the reference range is a range where the human population should be at to be functioning normally.
		Reference ranges are establish through statistical analysis of a large group of people off the street.
	www.neuroreplete.com /labexamples.htm (306 words)

	Identification of Iron Deficiency
		Laboratory reference standards are dependent on the nature of the population sampled, and may be slightly higher in a -healthy population+ compared to a hospitalised population.
		Reference ranges for iron indicators should be defined according to sex and age, as physiological changes such as rapid growth, hormonal changes and the appearance of degenerative conditions with increasing age can influence laboratory results (Yip et al, 1984).
		The reference range for SF was set at 31-510 ug/l (5th and 95th percentile), Hb 12.9-19.4 and MCV 83.9-100.2 (mean + SD) and suggested that these normal values could be used for the assessment of all healthy elderly Australian men.
	www.ironpanel.org.au /AIS/AISdocs/labq1c.htm (1800 words)

	Reference range
		This function enables you to construct confidence intervals for a reference range (also known as reference interval or normal range) from a sample of observations drawn at random from a normal distribution.
		The reference range and confidence interval for data from a normal distribution is calculated as:
		The reference range and confidence interval for data that are not from a normal distribution should be calculated by the percentile method.
	www.statsdirect.com /help/parametric_methods/reference_range.htm (268 words)

	AllRefer.com - range (Geology And Oceanography) - Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Originally the entire ranges of the W United States and Canada were unfenced public land.
		Ranges are known as summer or winter ranges according to the time of year when grazing conditions are best.
		Range management involves regulation of grazing and other economically productive uses of range land to prevent overgrazing or other abuse of the resource.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/R/range.html (257 words)

	Reference range -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		A reference range for a particular test or measurement, is usually defined as the values that 95% (or 2 (The square root of the variance) standard deviations) of the population fall into.
		It relies on the fact that for many biological phenomena, there is a (A theoretical distribution with finite mean and variance) normal distribution of values.
		A good test (or measurement) in the diagnosis of a (An impairment of health or a condition of abnormal functioning) disease will have a clear distinction between the ranges for normal and the ranges for diseased individuals.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/r/re/reference_range.htm (356 words)

	Microsoft Office Assistance: About cell and range references (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		A reference identifies a cell or a range of cells on a worksheet and tells Microsoft Excel where to look for the values or data you want to use in a formula.
		Relative references A relative cell reference in a formula, such as A1, is based on the relative position of the cell that contains the formula and the cell the reference refers to.
		There are mathematical, comparison, logical, and reference operators.) (a single space) or in formulas that use implicit intersection (implicit intersection: A reference to a range of cells, instead of a single cell, that is calculated like a single cell.
	office.microsoft.com /en-gb/assistance/HP051983231033.aspx (1296 words)

	ATSDR Hair Analysis Panel Discussion: Section 4.3
		Discussions regarding reference ranges focused on uncertainties associated with levels of metals, etc., in "healthy" or "unexposed" individuals and the variability of reference ranges used by different laboratories.
		The panelists discussed the importance of first clearly defining the term "reference range." Two panelists expressed concern about using the term synonymously with "normal" because it implies that knowledge exists about associated health status, when in fact such information is largely unavailable.
		The availability of reference range information alone is inadequate to assess the clinical significance of a particular laboratory result; the fact that a reference range has been exceeded does not establish that the individual sustained a toxicologically significant dose (MK).
	www.atsdr.cdc.gov /HAC/hair_analysis/4.3.html (639 words)

	XEmacs Lisp Reference Manual: Range Tables
		A range table is a table that efficiently associated values with ranges of integers.
		and integers in the range [5, 20) to
		A closed endpoint of a range means that the number at that end is included in the range.
	www.xemacs.org /Documentation/beta/html/lispref_55.html (374 words)

	GSDL - Functional Physiologic Range Testing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Laboratories are required to designate "reference range" values as those that fall between the 2.5% and 97.5% of the "normal" reference population.
		Conventional reference values refer to a "normal" population - which is not necessarily the same as an optimally healthy one.
		Reference ranges for the following CDSA analytes have been updated to reflect enhancements made to methodology and equipment used to analyze CDSA specimens.
	www.gsdl.com /home/assessments/cdsa/fprann.html (656 words)

	Understanding Cell References
		A1:C3 refers to the range anchored by cells A1 and C3.
		When the cell containing the reference is moved or copied, the reference is adjusted to point to a new cell with the same relative offset as the originally referenced cell.
		An external reference is created by placing the workbook name in brackets, followed by the worksheet name, an exclamation point, and finally a cell or range reference.
	www.mit.edu /~mbarker/formula1/f1help/04-data6.htm (949 words)

	BioMed Central \| Full text \| Reference birthweight range for multiple birth neonates in Japan
		A reference range for the birthweight of multiple births neonates is necessary for the assessment for intrauterine growth.
		Reference birthweight is calculated from population-based data in Canada [2].
		Intrauterine growth standards are referred to in the assessment of birthweight according to gestational age.
	www.biomedcentral.com /1471-2393/4/2 (2713 words)

	Gary K. Wolfe- A Range of Reference Works
		Reference books about SF, like books of baseball statistics, are really needed by few but seem fascinating to many.
		At their worst, such works compound the confusion of terminology that already plagues the field, overlook or hopelessly misplace important works, and generally treat the body of SF texts and criticism with a cavalier sort of insouciance that would hardly be tolerated in any other area of literary studies.
		Most standard reference books and bibliographies in the field give at least some indication of which books are in series and which are sequels (or "prequels") to others, and thus the value of a book devoted exclusively to such listings, without annotations, is somewhat limited.
	www.depauw.edu /sfs/review_essays/wolfe42.htm (3304 words)

	rescaled_range class Reference
		Calculate the rescaled range for a single region of data.
		The average rescaled range is calculated on a set of regions (sometimes referred to as "boxes") which are, in this case, a power of two in size (e.g., 8, 16, 32,...).
		info a reference variable which is returned with the information from the regression calculation (e.g., slope, error of slope, etc).
	www.bearcave.com /misl/misl_tech/wavelets/hurst/doc/classrescaled__range.html (583 words)

	GSDL - Comprehensive Digestive Stool Analysis Analytes - Functional Physiologic Range (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The primary focus of a reference range is determining "health-associated" reference values (interval) derived from a reference sample group of persons who are in good health.
		Essential to the process of determining an accurate reference range is the exclusion of individuals from the reference sample group based on exclusion criteria or other assessments indicating a lack of good health.
		To apply then both the reference range (as defined as a population between the 2.5% and 97.5% quantiles of the reference population), and a Functional Physiologic Range consistent with the clinical observations of variations from a "central tendency" afford clinicians more sensitive and responsive clinical information (figure 1).
	www.gsdl.com /home/assessments/cdsa/cdsafpr2.html (872 words)

	Reference Ranges & What They Mean
		The first step in determining a given reference range is to define the population to which the reference range will apply, for example, healthy females between 20 and 30 years old.
		The results would be averaged and a range (plus or minus 2 standard deviations of the average) of normal values would be established.
		The term "reference range" is preferred over "normal range" because the reference population can be clearly defined.
	www.labtestsonline.org /understanding/features/ref_ranges-2.html (298 words)

	Calibrated helium and refrigerant reference leaks (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Our range of reference leaks are available as single items or as a complete set depending on your requirement.
		Reference leak with standard specification mounted in a case with front panel display showing shut off valve, high quality pressure gauge and reference leak with hooded area to accept probe or 'sniffer' detector.
		Reference leak in a stainless steel body 1/8" BSP male to female threads available for inline use or screwed into a gas source.
	www.cevp.co.uk /pages/leaks.htm (501 words)

	LGC: News:LGC News:New Quality Control Reference Materials range from LGC
		LGC has launched a new range of reference materials which are being developed in conjunction with the analytical market place to meet the growing need for independently produced reference materials for use in routine analysis.
		Reference materials used to assure the quality of these measurements should ideally be a matrix-matched material traceable to a reliable reference standard.
		The QCRM range aims to address this, having been specifically developed to allow use in the daily analyses which make up the bulk of most laboratories’ activities.
	www.lgc.co.uk /news_story.asp?strareano=47_2&intelement=3959 (372 words)

	The Priority Toxicant Reference Range Study: Interim Report
		This concentration is sometimes referred to as a measure of the body burden of a toxicant even though it usually does not reflect the total amount of the pollutant in the body.
		Obviously, before beginning the reference range study, we had to select the toxicants and the biologic matrix, develop the analytic method, establish a source for the specimens, and procure funding to support the study.
		One of the main uses of the reference ranges is as a basis of comparison in determining relative levels of toxicants in potentially exposed populations.
	ehp.niehs.nih.gov /members/1995/Suppl-3/needham-full.html (4401 words)

	ScienceDirect Info (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		These works have won numerous outstanding reference awards and medals and have received excellent reviews for their editorial and scholarly reliability and quality.
		Reference Works offer definitive reviews of their fields, via authoritative, validated content, edited by international teams of experts.
		Content for reference works is carefully planned, assembled, and formatted, with substantial internal cross-referencing and links to external sources.
	www.info.sciencedirect.com /reference_works (844 words)

	Data Structures for a VHDL Compiler: type_range class Reference
		Range types are limited to a complete range that can fit in 32-bits.
		The TIME range requires 64 bits (e.g., the range of time is 0..2^60).
		A special type is provided for this range (we'll see if this special type was a bad idea or not).
	www.bearcave.com /software/vhdl/doc/classtype__range.html (186 words)

	Jan's Excel Intro: Select Range
		For cells and ranges that are scattered around, you will need to use the CTRL key along with your mouse.
		The range reference is normally written with upper left: lower right.
		You are moved directly to the range and the cells are all selected.
	www.jegsworks.com /Lessons/numbers/intro/step-selectrange.htm (890 words)

	Oxford University Press
		Reference books from Oxford are renowned the world over for their quality, authority, and reliability.
		In a lively, accessible, yet informative style the Oxford reference range makes specialized knowledge readable and entertaining, providing unique coverage of a wide variety of subjects, from music, art, literature, and, religion, to science, warfare, and wine.
		Oxford produces a wide range of monolingual and bilingual dictionaries which are designed specifically for people who are learning English as a second or foreign language.
	www.oup.com /oeddicref (552 words)

	[No title]
		If you zoom to the 8 mile range scale, then anyone else that is on an "8 mile range scale" (no matter what version of APRS he is running) he will see the same "area".
		This "RANGE SCALE" is a universal reference used by all military, and civilian enteties involved in RADAR screens, tactical plots and now MAP displays.
		Defining "RANGE SCALE" as a means of describing map views was fundamental to the definition of APRS so that people with different platforms could communicate verbally about what they were "seeing"...
	web.usna.navy.mil /~bruninga/aprs/RangeScale.txt (912 words)

	Hyperthyroidism and Graves' Disease
		The reference range for TSH is usually listed as 0.5-5.0 mU/ml (microunits per milliliter), though there may be slight variation from laboratory to laboratory.
		A thyroid hormone level that is increased above the upper limit of the reference range provides evidence that a suppressed TSH level reflects the presence of excess thyroid hormone.
		The reference range for Free T4 is usually listed as 0.8-1.8 ng/ml (nanograms per milliliter), though there may be variation from laboratory to laboratory.
	www.hopkinsmedicine.org /endocrine/graves/Answer.asp?QuestionID=8 (389 words)

	[No title]
		Given a set of measurements from a skewed distribution, be able to estimate the reference range using a non-parametric method.
		List several advantages and disadvantages of using reference ranges to make medical decisions Recognize patient factors, as well as other preanalytic and analytic factors, that may cause a reference range to be inappropriate Normal Range.
		Range of values typically found in a population of healthy individuals.
	faculty.washington.edu /pmrainey/refrange03.doc (597 words)

	Normal range or reference interval
		If we use the range of the observations, the difference between the two most extreme values, we can be fairly confident that if we carry on sampling we will eventually find observations outside it, and the range will get bigger and bigger (Section 4.7).
		To avoid this we use a range between two quantiles (Section 4.7), usually the 2.5 centile and the 97.5 centile, which is called the normal range, 95% reference range, or 95% reference interval.
		The reference interval is thus 2.7 to 5.4 litres.
	www-users.york.ac.uk /~mb55/intro/refint.htm (1199 words)

	OFFSET (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		A reference to a cell from which the offset reference is based.
		The number of rows from reference that represents the upper-left cell of the offset range.
		Because it returns a reference, OFFSET can be used in any function that requires or uses a cell or range reference as an argument.
	www.mit.edu /~mbarker/formula1/f1help/05-n-s22.htm (240 words)

	Hypothyroidism and the TSH Reference Range / Alt.Support.Thyroid Newsgroup Website
		Until November 2002, doctors had relied on a normal TSH level ranging from 0.5 to 5.0 to diagnose and treat patients with a thyroid disorder who tested outside the boundaries of that range.
		Even though a TSH level between 3.0 and 5.0 uU/ml is in the normal range, it should be considered suspect since it may signal a case of evolving thyroid underactivity.
		...given the high prevalence of mild (subclinical) hypothyroidism in the general population, it is likely that the current upper limit of the population reference range is skewed by the inclusion of persons with occult thyroid dysfunction....
	www.altsupportthyroid.org /tsh/tshmedrefs1.php (509 words)

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