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Topic: Refractometer

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	Refractometer
		A refractometer with the low scale would be useful for measuring sap, while a higher scale would be necessary for syrup measurements.
		Once you have obtained a refractometer, you may be interested in measuring the sugar content of sap from maple trees in your yard or schoolyard, or you may want to measure the sugar content of maple syrup you have purchased or made yourself.
		The refractometer should read 0 for a water sample because there is no sugar in the sample - much like the scale should read 0 when nobody is standing on it.
	maple.dnr.cornell.edu /kids/refractometer.htm (844 words)

	REFRACTOMETER (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Refractometers are simple optical instruments for measuring the dissolved solids content of fruits, grasses and vegetables during all stages of growth.
		Refractometers are used extensively in industry and research fields for measuring the concentration of all kinds of aqueous solutions, such as pharmaceuticals, tissue fluids in plants, and urine and blood protein.
		Refractometers are used in the brewing and wine-making industry as well as to check the ripening stage of fruit and the sugar content of fruits and grapes.
	foliarfert.com /pages/refractometer.htm (454 words)

	Refractometers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Refractometers are instruments that measure the bending of light as it crosses an interface between dissimilar substances and converts the bending light rays into a useful scale.
		Refractometers are commonly used to measure salinity of sea and aquarium water, the solids content of urnine, the water content of industrial fluids like brake and hydraulic fluids, the sugar content of fruit and fruit juices, and, of course, the sugar content of wort and finished beer.
		For instance a refractometer calibrated to measure the salinity of water can be used to measure a sugar solution, but such a measurement is not accurate for sugar.
	www.primetab.com /refractometer.html (502 words)

	ARS - Equine - Article - Refractometer
		The refractometer is held in the direction of a light source and the deviation or refraction of light is evaluated on a scale as a percentage score.
		Refractometer evaluation of equine colostrum has been shown to be highly repeatable (R= 0.98) and highly correlated with IgG levels (R=0.85) as measured by the radial immunodiffusion assay.
		Refractometer evaluation of colostrum is also valuable in determining the quality of colostrum to be harvested and stored in a colostrum bank.
	www.arssales.com /equine/html/refractometer.html (1359 words)

	Brix equals quality, an online book that explores fruit and vegetable quality as well as insect or disease resistance
		Honey is checked with a refractometer calibrated to measure the water within it instead of the solids in the water.
		A refractometer is an optical device that takes advantage of the fact that light passing through a liquid bends or refracts.
		The refractometer is not truly a ripeness tester, although it is used in that sense by many Departments of Agriculture.
	www.crossroads.ws /brixbook/BBook.htm (11818 words)

	Test Equipment
		Refractometers with ATC must be nulled in a room at 68°F. They are nulled at the factory and can be used without recalibration (nulling).
		Refractometers are never accurate in brewing because malt sugars are not the same as grape sugars.
		However, refractometers are used by brewers as indicators of 1)extent of conversion during the mash and 2) end point of sparging.
	www.stpats.com /testeq.htm (822 words)

	Illuminating means for refractometer (US6195160) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		An illuminator for use in a refractometer having a body housing, a sample cover assembly, a prism assembly and measuring assembly for measuring the composition and density of a substance.
		The illuminator is located in the refractometer housing such that the light source is in a position on or about the prism assembly to illuminate a fluid substance to be measured.
		A refractometer having a body housing, a sample cover assembly, a prism assembly and measuring assembly for measuring the composition and density of a substance, said refractometer comprising:
	www.delphion.com /details?pn=US06195160__ (288 words)

	Side Bar
		The refractometer gets its name from the refractive index, which is a measure of how far light is bent by different materials.
		When using a refractometer, a sample is placed on an optical prism in the sample window.
		Similarly rinse the optical prism on the refractometer using water from the sample.
	www.lumcon.edu /education/studentdatabase/salinity.asp (453 words)

	RefractometerInformation By Way of Refractometer.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Refractometer related phrases on Refractometer.com include how microscopes work, identification of laboratory equipment, laboratory equipment rental, microscope web pages, and fibre optic refractive index.
		Refractometer related terms on Refractometer.com are laboratory equipment rental, microscope web pages, fibre optic refractive index, how microscopes work, and identification of laboratory equipment.
		Find refractometer on Refractometer.com with the terms fibre optic refractive index, identification of laboratory equipment, microscope web pages, laboratory equipment rental, and how microscopes work.
	www.refractometer.com /refractometer_u.html (307 words)

	How To Use A Refractometer - grapestompers
		Well, the modern refractometer works on the same principle - it reacts differently to light (by giving a reading on a scale) depending upon the amount of sugar that is available in the liquid sample held between the daylight plate and the main prism assembly.
		Some refractometers require the use of a special calibration liquid to perform this task, while others (like the ones sold at grapestompers.com) are calibrated with distilled water.
		Some less expensive refractometers are difficult to read, either due to a lack of a focus adjustment, inferior optics, or the eyepiece lacks a rubber seal and will not fit snugly over your eye.
	www.grapestompers.com /articles/refractometer_use.asp (1320 words)

	Refractometers discount - refractometer breakthough
		A refractometer is a handheld optical device that measures the concentration of solids in a liquid.
		Whether you have an ATC or non ATC model refractometer, your sample must be the same temperature as the prism on the refractometer for an accurate reading.
		Refractometer: Optical instrument used to measure the amount of dissolved solids in a liquid.
	www.refracts.com /faq.htm (896 words)

	MISCO Digital Wine Refractometer - Measure Grape Must Brix and Sugar Conten
		The Palm Abbe refractometer has a wider range and twice the accuracy of the Pal-1.
		Refractometers aren't just a catalog item or sideline business for us, they ARE our business.
		The Palm Abbe wine refractometer automatically calibrates itself to water and is ready to use in seconds.
	www.misco.com /products/PA202X-003-129.html (700 words)

	Gaertner Scientific Corporation - Optical Instruments - Differential Stress Refractometer LDSR
		The LDSR Refractometer is designed for the measurement of compression and tensional stresses in commercial float, plate, and sheet glass.
		The LDSR Refractometer consists of a total internal reflection prism, a calibrated telescope, a light source and a mirror, all held securely in a metal housing.
		It is used for measuring stress in glass with refractive index in the range of 1.516 to 1.566.
	www.gaertnerscientific.com /optical/ldsr.htm (548 words)

	Coolant testing, refractometer from Tektrak
		The TektTak Hand Refractometers are optical instruments which can quickly measure the concentration of aqueous solutions using the principle of the critical angle of refraction, and thus by a very simple operation determine the in-use concentration of the liquid or material under test.
		Check a sample of water which has been left to stand for a period in the room (the water temperature should be the same as the room temperature) regardless of the measuring temperature.
		Hold the refractometer between thumb and forefinger of the left hand and use the right hand for adjusting the eyepiece and manipulating the sample.
	www.tektrak.co.uk /coolanttestrefractometer.html (303 words)

	Refractometer Options
		The refractometer calibrations are used for all calculations in the refractometer tool.
		Refractometer Units - Refractometer measurements may be in Brix or RI units.
		If you have an adjustable refractometer, then adjust your refractometer so it reads zero when measuring distilled water over several samples and enter zero here.
	www.beersmith.com /Help/refractometer_options.htm (260 words)

	Refractive Index, Refractometer Urine, Brix, Automatic Refractometer Equipment
		The J257 Automatic Refractometer eliminates the expense and contamination associated with using circulating waterbaths to control and maintain the sample temperature.
		The J257 Refractometer's large 7.5cm x 10cm cold cathode fluorescent back lit graphics LCD allows the scale, sample temperature, set temperature, air temperature, time, date and temperature correction status to be easily viewed.
		Regardless of how many times the refractometer has been calibrated, it can always be restored to the initial factory calibration if required.
	www.rudolphresearch.com /refractometer/J257_refractometer.htm (524 words)

	Welcome to MoreBeer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		A refractometer is used to measure the density of a solution.
		Refractometers measure in degrees brix, which are nearly equivalent to balling or plato, which is how many breweries measure wort gravity.
		The ATC function allows you to use the refractometer in an ambient temperature range of 50-86 degrees Fahrenheit (10-30 Celsius.) Because your sample is just one drop, and will quickly adjust to the temperature of the refractometer, the temperature of the sample is irrelevant.
	www.morebeer.com /product.html?product_id=18739 (492 words)

	Refractometers - The J157 Automatic Refractometer
		The J157 Automatic Refractometer eliminates the expense and contamination associated with using circulating waterbaths to control and maintain the sample temperature.
		The J157 Refractometer can control any temperature between 10ºC and 40ºC to better than 0.05ºC. Just set the temperature to 20ºC, 25ºC, 27.5ºC or any temperature and the refractometer will automatically cool or heat the sample to the set temperature.
		The J157 Refractometer's large 7.5cm x 10cm cold cathode fluorescent back lit graphics LCD allows the scale, sample temperature, set temperature, air temperature, time, date and temperature correction status to be easily viewed.
	www.rudolphresearch.com /refractometer/J157_refractometer.htm (511 words)

	Universal Hand Refractometer, Abbe Refractometer, India
		A most accurate and convenient model of universal hand Refractometer with a selector knob to indicate measurement Range from 0 to 90% Accuracy (+ 2%), built in Amici prism and Special light reflection system for colour elimination to obtain sharp critical boundary line and optimum contrast.
		A most modern and highly precision Abbe Refractometers Model is a handy measuring instrument for determination of refractive and dispersion properties of solid and light substances.
		It is recommended for determination of mixing ratios where each component has different refractive indices; determination of fat content of solution, determining concentration of liquids and volatile substances for testing the purity of petroleum and jelly products.
	www.aditiassociate.com /refractometer.htm (387 words)

	Alkalize For Health - Using a Refractometer to Measure Nutrition in Food - Cancer Alternatives (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Refractometer readings indicate that produce sold in grocery stores generally has 25% to 50% of the nutrients it ought to have.
		Refractometers are used in the brewing and wine-making industry as well.
		In certain parts of the country refractometers are used by farmers to check the ripening stage of fruit and the sugar content of fruits and grapes, but for various reasons very few farmers have adopted the extensive use of these instruments for improving the crop quality, not just measuring its status.
	www.alkalizeforhealth.net /refractometer.htm (4556 words)

	K-Patents: Q & A (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		A process refractometer is an instrument for in-line (production line) measurement of concentration based on the refractive index of a liquid.
		Wide variety of uses: there are refractometer models for food industry, heavy-duty industry, corrosive industry and even for ultra-pure fine non-metallic processes.
		Because the K-Patents Process Refractometer is an in-line instrument, the prism has to be harder than anything that moves in the process pipe.
	www.kpatents.com /1Science/qa.htm (1442 words)

	Schmidt and Haensch High Resolution Refractometer model DUR
		The DUR series refractometers from Schmidt and Haensch are sophisticated, microprocessor controlled, critical angle refractometers for measuring the optical density of a wide range of liquid media from low to high viscosity, and independent of opacity and color.
		Standard references for refractive index are given at a certain temperature - typically 20 degs C. Refractometers are frequently used to measure concentrations or density of solutes by inferring the concentration from the refractive index.
		The DUR refractometer is a microprocessor controlled instrument which can easily be programmed with scales that correct for temperature or concentration or both.
	www.topac.com /dur.html (680 words)

	In-Line Process Refractometer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Refractometer accurately measures the refractive index of your process, providing temperature compensated readings which can easily be correlated to a percent solids, Brix, Be, or specific gravity scale.
		Refractometer operates on 110/220 VAC input power—no special wiring required.
		The installation adapter (81005-50) is then welded to the tank or pipe, and the 81005-00 sensor is screwed into the adapter.
	www.foodtechsource.com /emag/005/hot.htm (206 words)

	Refractometer (Tools)
		Calculating the gravity of wort while it is fermenting from the original gravity and a current refractometer reading.
		Refractometer Reading - A current reading taken of the beer or wort with your refractometer.
		You need to calibrate your refractometer before using it by following the directions in this dialog.
	www.beersmith.com /Help/refractometer_tools.htm (421 words)

	The Evolution of the Abbé Refractometer
		The refractometer measures the real part of the refractive index and thus helps to answer three different types of questions.
		The subsequent evolution of the Abbe refractometer involves modifications to increase the convenience, ease-of-use, and/or stability of the instrument, and, later, development of instruments for operators as opposed to professional users.
		Rather, the story of this once key research instrument, which remains irreplaceable in the modern quality control and analysis laboratory, is a story of modification for convenience, cost, and the transition from practitioners to operators as its major clients.
	www.humboldt.edu /~scimus/Essays/EvolAbbeRef/EvolAbbeRef.htm (2437 words)

	A.L.P.E. - Unique automatic refractometer
		THE J57 Automatic Refractometer from A.L.P.E. was designed to meet the unique needs of industrial environments where the refractometer is operated on the factory floor.
		When Abbe style refractometers are used in a high throughput application, prism replacement becomes a regular task.
		The reason for replacement is that Abbe refractometers have glass prisms (hardness approximately 6 on the Moh's scale) compared to the J57's artificial sapphire prism (hardness 9 on the Moh's scale).
	www.ferret.com.au /articles/e7/0c0433e7.asp (390 words)

	AFAB Enterprises - Home Of Affordable And Effective Inline Process Refractometers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		When it comes time to purchase an In-Line Refractometer, there are many issues to consider to insure that the right unit is selected for the right job.
		An In-Line Refractometer will measure the concentration of most dissolved materials in a solution.
		Now it is important to understand that the Refractometer makes this measurement by responding to the degree to which the direction of light is changed as it passes between two mediums.
	www.refractometer.com /update/artfolder/21.html (892 words)

	Milwaukee MR100ATC Refratometer with ATC
		The MR series refractometers are precision optical instruments used for measuring concentrations of substances in aqueous solutions.
		Milwaukee refractometers are very simple to use: simply place one drop of your sample on the prism and read the results on the scales immediately!
		Milwaukee refractometers have adjustable focus, easy to read numbers for good resolution and zero adjustment screw for calibration.
	www.saltycritter.com /refractometers.htm (94 words)

	KRUESS: Refractometer Refraction index ND RI Brix Sugar content process control inline solid content sugar analysis
		The optical design of these refractometers allows accurate measurement of the refractive index with a very thin layer between the prisms.
		Abbe refractometers manufactured by A. KRÜSS Optronic possess temperature compensation, the ability to temper the prism and a digital thermometer.
		A refractometer is an optical instrument which enables measurement of the refractive index of a substance.
	www.kruess.de /refractometers+M52087573ab0.html (371 words)

	- ValleyVintner Main Page
		A refractometer with ATC (Auto Thermal Compensation) is unaffected by temperature, fermentation gases and only takes one to two drops to measure the sugar content of your must.
		To test the theory we fermented a Zinfandel kit and took measurements with both a professional refractometer and precision hydrometer using a formula from the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics ("Concentrative Properties of Aqueous Solutions: Conversion Tables", 69th Edition Table 88 Sucrose).
		Spread sheet to auto compensate for ethanol effect on a refractometer during fermentation (.xls Requires MSN Excel).
	valleyvintner.com /Refrac_Hydro/Refract_Hydro.htm (497 words)

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