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Topic: Regained Territories

	History of Poland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Poland regained its independence in 1918, but the Second Polish Republic was destroyed by in the Polish September Campaign, marking the begining of the Second World War.
		Poland regained its independence in 1918, after more than a century of rule by its neighbours, but its borders shifted again after the Second World War.
		The Soviet government insisted on retaining the territories captured in the course of the Nazi-Soviet pact (now western Ukraine and western Belarus), compensating Poland with the return of Regained Territories, from which remaining Germans were to be removed to Germany.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/History_of_Poland (2639 words)

	Recovered Territories - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Note: although the term "recovered territories" has a clear meaning in Poland and Polish historiography, it is not a widely accepted term or concept in Germany or in English-speaking nations.
		Recovered Territories, Regained Territories or Western and Northern Territories (Polish: Ziemie Odzyskane, Ziemie Zachodnie i Północne) is the term used in Poland to describe the current-day Polish provinces of Pomerania, Silesia, Lubus Land and Warmia i Mazury which were taken from Germany and assigned ("restored", "recovered") to Poland by the Allies after World War II.
		Acquring territories West to the Oder-Neisse line was part of the process of Polish westward shifting, which went along with Soviet annexation of the land east of the Curzon line.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Regained_Territories (1190 words)

	First Vienna Award - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Hungary thus regained territories in present-day Slovakia and Ukraine that she had lost by the 1920 Treaty of Trianon in the post-World War I dissolution of Austria-Hungary, and which Hungary had been intent on recovering ever since.
		Czechoslovakia was obliged to surrender the territories in southern Slovakia and southern Subcarpathia south of the line (and inclusive of the towns of) - Galanta - - Levice - - Rimavská Sobota - -Rožnava -Košice - Michaľany - Veľké Kapušany - Uzhhorod - Mukachevo - to the border with Romania.
		According to a Hungarian census of late 1938, there were only 121,603 Slovaks in the territories in question; according to another Hungarian census of 1941, the number of Hungarians was 751,944 (86.5%) out of a total population of 869,299 and the number of Slovaks had decreased to 85,392 (9.8%).
	www.sterlingheights.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/First_Vienna_Award (4306 words)

	Oder-Neisse line - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In 1945, under the territorial changes demanded by the Soviet Union, the border was moved westward into pre-war Germany, to the Oder-Neisse line, encompassing most of Silesia and Pomerania, including Szczecin/Stettin, on the west side of the Oder, plus eastern Brandenburg within Poland.
		Potentially relevant factors to post-war Polish-German borders were German annexations in 1939 that exceeded German borders from 1914 and the decision of the Soviet Union to annex areas east of the Ribbentrop-Molotov Line or Curzon Line, already approved by the Western Allies.
		Several groups did consider the territorial changes and the associated German expulsion to be a humanitarian disaster, however.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Oder-Neisse_line (1665 words)

	Spis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The territory of the Spiš county was originally populated by Slovaks.
		The pawned territories remained politically a part of the Kingdom of Hungary (and of its Esztergom diocese), while the economic use of the territories was subject to pawn to Poland.
		In 1778 the 13 towns regained their privileges of 1271, the privileges were extended to the other 3 previously pawned towns, and this newly formed entity was named "Province of 16 Spiš towns".
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/S/Spis.htm (2714 words)

	History of Poland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Poles founded one of the first parliamentary systems in the world (Sejm), invented the idea that pagans share the same human rights as Christians, and implemented one of the first systems based on religious pluralism and tolerance.
		Poland regained its independence in 1918, after more than a century of rule by its neighbours.
		The post-war fate of the Polish state and its territorial shape was decided by the Soviets and the western Allies over the heads of the Polish government-in-exile based in London (see Western betrayal).
	www.secaucus.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/History_of_Poland (2224 words)

	Regained Territories (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Note: although the term "recovered territories" has a clear meaning in Poland and Polish historiography, it is not a widelyaccepted term or concept in English speaking nations.
		The areas of contemporary Poland, including the Recovered Territories, were first described by Tacitus in 98 AD in his book Germania.
		Acquring territories West to the Oder-Neisse line was part ofthe process of Polish westward shifting, which went along with Soviet annexation of the land east of the Curzon line.
	www.therfcc.org /regained-territories-115509.html (750 words)

	Translated German Cases \| Institute of Global Law, UCL
		The territories east of the Oder and Neisse, like the remaining territory of the Reich within the frontiers of 31 December 1937, were not annexed by the victor powers at the end of the war.
		Once administration in those territories had been rearranged by the orders of 29 May 1946, the Ministry for the regained territories was abolished by the Act of 11 January 1949 and its competences transferred to the general administration of the Republic of Poland.
		The Treaties are held to have led to a change in territorial sovereignty and thus to a change in status, obliging the German courts to apply Soviet or Polish law as the local law of the territories east of the Oder and Neisse whenever German conflict-of-laws provisions require the application of local law.
	www.ucl.ac.uk /laws/global_law/german-cases/print_bverg.shtml?07jul1975 (7250 words)

	Regained Territories (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The term regained territories is one used by Poles to describe the now Polish provinces of Pomerania, Silesia, Lubus and East Prussia, which were aquired by Poland after World War Two.
		The territories had for many years been part of first Prussia and then Germany, and much of the population was German.
		The German inhabitants of these areas who fled westwards or were forcefully expelled by the Soviets are known as Heimatvertriebene (literally: "the ones driven from their homeland"), and today the area is predominantly Polish.
	www.ukpedia.com /r/regained-territories.html (513 words)

	ODER-NEISSE LINE FACTS AND INFORMATION
		In addition to this the Polish population from the eastern half of Poland, now annexed by the Soviet Union was expelled and transferred to the aquired territories of western Poland.
		Potentially relevant factors to post-war Polish-German borders were German annexations in 1939 that exceeded German borders from 1914 and the decision of Sovet Union to annex areas east of the Ribbentrop-Molotov Line or Curzon_Line, already approved by the Western Allies.
		At the Potsdam_Conference the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union decided to put the German territories east of the Oder-Neisse line (Communist propaganda in Poland referred to as "Western Territories" or "Regained_Territories") under Polish administrative control.
	www.palfacts.com /Oder-Neisse_line (1650 words)

	Art History - History of Art - Art History in Ottoman Empire - Ottoman Art History
		Angora(Ankara)was regained from the Ahi Tribe and Cheembi Castle, Gallipoli, Bolayir, Malkara, Chorlou and Tekirdagh were added to Ottoman territories.
		The Ottoman territories in Europe were reduced to Macedonia, Albania, and Thrace, and European influence had attained new dimensions.
		Assaults by the Balkan territories resulted in defeat for the Ottomans and a treaty signed on May 30th, 1913 in London drew up boundary lines for Turkey and the Balkan States along the Midie-Enez line.
	www.easterncorner.com /Turkey.htm (6857 words)

	Recovered Territories
		Note: although the term "recovered territories" has a clear meaning in Poland and Polish historiography, it is not a widely accepted term or concept in English speaking nations.
		Prussia took part in partitions of Poland in years 1772, 1793, 1795 and in the political reshuffle after the Vienna congress in 1815.
		In 1990, around the time of German reunification, the Federal Republic of Germany officially relinquished all claims to the former German territories that are now within the borders of Poland.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/recovered_territories (837 words)

	Recovered Territories - InfoSearchPoint.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Recovered Territories, Regained Territories or Western and northern Territories (Polish: Ziemie Odzyskane, Ziemie Zachodnie i Północne) is the term used in Poland to describe the Polish provinces of Pomerania, Silesia, Lubus and East Prussia, which were lost by Poland in various wars and acquired (restored, recovered) after World War Two.
		The territories had for many years been part of Poland and later of Bohemia, Austria, Sweden, Prussia and then Germany and just before 1939 much of the population consisted from the mixture of Germanised Slavs, successors of German immigrants and some 1 million Poles left on the German side, ouside of Poland.
		This position is defended by facts such as that the Holy Roman Empire at the meeting at the tomb of Saint Adalbert in 1000, Silesia and Lubus were already part of Poland, Pomerania a Polish fief.
	www.infosearchpoint.com /display/Regained_Territories (516 words)

	F L A M E : Myths About Israel and the Middle East (1): Do the media feed us fiction, instead of fact?
		Israel, with roughly one-thousandth of the world's population and with a similar fraction of the territory of this planet, seems to engage a totally disproportionate attention of the print and broadcast media of the world.
		That territory contained some of the most advanced military installations in the world, prosperous cities and settlements, and oil field developed entirely by Israel that made it independent of petroleum imports.
		The root cause of the conflict is the total unwillingness of the Arabs to tolerate any "non-believers" to be in control of even one inch of what they consider "sacred Arab soil." And they don't just mean Judea/Samaria (the "West Bank") and the Gaza strip.
	www.factsandlogic.org /ad_36.html (799 words)

	Encyclopedia: Recovered Territories
		The Potsdam Agreement was an agreement on policy for the occupation and reconstruction of Germany and other nations after fighting in the European Theatre of World War II had ended with the German surrender of May 8, 1945.
		Historic Eastern Germany or Ex-German Eastern Territories are the historical Eastern German provinces or regions which had large settled German communities east of the Oder and Neisse rivers before World War II and had been part of an united Germany nation since 1871.
		East Prussia (German: Ostpreu en; Polish: Prusy Wschodnie; Russian: Восточная Пруссия — Vostochnaya Prussiya) was a province of Kingdom of Prussia, situated on the territory of former Ducal Prussia.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Recovered-Territories (3315 words)

	Knowledge #5 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		France regained the territories of Alsace and Lorraine, which were lost in 1871, and even sought to break up Germany itself.
		Absolute freedom of navigation upon the seas, outside territorial waters, alike in peace and in war, except as the seas may be closed in whole or in part by international action for the enforcement of international covenants.
		An independent Polish state should be erected which should include the territories inhabited by indisputably Polish populations, which should be assured a free and secure access to the sea, and whose political and economic independence and territorial integrity should be guaranteed by international covenant.
	jon.zetzman.net /portfolio/5.html (3803 words)

	History of Poland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Poland regained itsindependence in 1918, after more than a century of rule by its neighbours.
		The post-war fate of the Polish state and its territorial shape was decided by the Soviets and the western Allies over theheads of the Polish government-in-exile based in London (famous Poland's betrayal by the Western Allies).
		The Soviet government insisted onretaining the territories captured in the course of the Nazi-Sovietpact (now western Ukraine and western Belarus), compensating Poland with the return of Regained Territories, from which remaining Germans were to be removed to Germany.
	www.therfcc.org /history-of-poland-16031.html (1936 words)

	Untitled Document
		But the Seleucids were not on the whole successful politically and gradually lost parts of their territories, most of it in the first 100 years.
		Struck by the immensity of the scientific and technical advances made by Europe, and ignorant of the ways of handling Europeans and their diplomatic intrigues, the Iranian was baffled, and the two powers made good use of the situation.
		Russians attacked and took extensive territories in northern Iran, defeating the Iranian army which was still fighting with swords and hand- made rifles against the recently modernized Russian army equipped with the latest guns and cannons.
	www.salamiran.org /IranInfo/General/History (5903 words)

	Reader's Companion to Military History - - Ottomans (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		At its greatest extent, in the late seventeenth century, the empire comprised contiguous territories from Hungary to Iraq, and from the Crimea to the Nile valley.
		The Ottoman conquests were hard won—much of their Anatolian territory was lost for a time following the defeat of Bayezid I by Timur (see Tamerlane) in 1402.
		During the earlier eighteenth century, some territories were regained, but war with Russia in 1768-1774 caused the loss of the Crimea and the northern Black Sea coast.
	college.hmco.com /history/readerscomp/mil/html/mh_039200_ottomans.htm (1066 words)

	Oder-Neisse line (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In 1945, under territorial changes demanded by the Soviet Union, the border was moved westward into prewar Germany, to the Oder-Neisse line, to encompass most of Silesia and Pomerania, including Szczecin/Stettin, on the west side of the Oder, plus eastern Brandenburg, within Poland.
		The prequisite to shift of Polish-German borders, were German annexations in 1939 that exceeded German borders from 1914 and the decision of Sovet Union to annex Eastern half of Poland (exactly 188 000 out 388 000 were to be annexed), already approved by Western Allies.
		At the Potsdam Conference the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union decided to put the German territories east of the Oder-Neisse line (Communist propaganda in Poland referred to as "Western Territories" or "Regained Territories") under Polish administrative control.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/O/Oder-Neisse-line.htm (1020 words)

	200 godina ustanka
		The second half of the 19th century brought significant changes to Serbia and its neighborhood, the changes that greatly influenced the establishment of a different awareness in the country that was deprived of freedom for centuries, which eventually led to the Uprising and the aspirations for achieving an independent state.
		In this period, the Austro-Hungarian Empire regained its territories in Pannonia and drew the Ottoman army to the south banks of the Sava and the Danube, reaching the border with Serbia.
		For the first time after several centuries, conditions were created for liberation of all Serbian territories and establishment of modern independent state.
	www.royalfamily.org /ustanak/SRETENJE_ENG.htm (948 words)

	Aftermath of the War (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The eastern territories which the Soviet Union had occupied in 1939 (minus the Bialystok region) were permanently annexed, and most of their Polish inhabitants expelled: today these territories are part of Belarus, Ukraine and Lithuania.
		In compensation, Poland was given former German territory (the so-called Regained Territories): the southern half of East Prussia and all of Pomerania and Silesia, up to the Oder-Neisse Line.
		Over the coming years, private industry was nationalised, the land seized from the prewar landowners and redistributed to the peasants, and millions of Poles transferred from the lost eastern territories to the lands acquired from Germany.
	www.euro2005.republika.pl /vorschlag/1945.htm (767 words)

	BBC News \| MEDIA REPORTS \| Ethiopia's victory statement
		After exercising extraordinary patience and with the realisation that the peaceful option had been exhausted, the Ethiopian government was compelled to liberate the territories under occupation and regain national sovereignty.
		We have regained the territories that were under the control of the enemy, and our sovereignty has been restored.
		As the crisis is presently moving from the military to the diplomatic arena, Ethiopia is attending the Algiers talks with an approach that would enable her to safeguard her legitimate rights and interests.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/low/not_in_website/syndication/monitoring/media_reports/773082.stm (722 words)

	Report
		Attacks on non-Croats in the territories regained by Croatia continued but on a lesser scale than in previous years.
		Incidences of looting and destruction of ethnic Serb property in the former occupied territories continued, albeit on a lesser scale than in 1996.
		With the exception of former UN sector West (Western Slavonia), police were often ineffective in responding to such incidents, or in resolving cases in which the victims were ethnic Serbs.
	www.greekhelsinki.gr /english/reports/Ihf-croatia98.html (3827 words)

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