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Topic: Regional anesthesia

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	Anesthesia and Heart Disease
		In general, anesthesia patients are given a combination of gases through the respiratory system and/or drugs in the veins.
		General anesthesia may be related to an increase in blood pressure while the anesthetic drug is induced.
		If we can choose between general and regional anesthesia, epidural anesthesia and postoperative analgesia (being awake but pain free) are believed to be preferable to standard general anesthesia for high-risk surgical patients.
	www.americanheart.org /presenter.jhtml?identifier=4462 (404 words)

	regional anesthesia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Anesthesia means a loss of feeling or inability to feel pain.
		Regional anesthesia or block is a method of pain prevention in a specific part of the body, such as the hand.
		although regional blocks cause a larger area of the body to be numb than local anesthesia, the medication is the same.
	www.northmemorial.com /HealthEncyclopedia/content/2967.asp (479 words)

	Anesthesia Residency, Subspecialty Training
		Residents are instructed in physiology, anesthetic agents and monitoring devices that are common to cardiovascular anesthesia.
		Anesthesia is administered for operative and diagnostic procedures on patients from the premature age group through adolescence.
		Although the major emphasis is on regional anesthesia (approximately 85% of all deliveries are performed under epidural or spinal analgesia or anesthesia), indications for other blocks and general anesthetic techniques are taught.
	www.uc.edu /anesthesia/train_residency_sub.htm (711 words)

	Anesthesia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Anesthesia (American English), also anaesthesia (British English), is the process of blocking the perception of pain and other sensations.
		regional anesthesia — with reversible loss of sensation and possibly movement in a region of the body by selective blockade of sections of the spinal cord or nerves supplying the region.
		In certain patient populations, however, regional anesthesia may be safer than general anesthesia.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Anesthesia (1510 words)

	Regional Anesthesia Scores a Knockout
		In general anesthesia, patients are given a combination of gases and/or drugs in the veins that suppress the pain-sensing central nervous system, essentially putting them into a form of sleep and forgetfulness.
		Regional anesthesia, on the other hand, involves injecting drugs -- either into the spine or into nerves that supply a region of the body such as the chest, abdomen, or pelvis and legs -- that block pain signals from reaching the brain.
		Regional anesthesia may also allow patients to breathe more freely without pain, and cause less strain on the body overall, the authors suggest, although they acknowledge that their study did not have the statistical power to provide a definitive answer.
	my.webmd.com /content/article/29/1728_66879 (565 words)

	Mount Sinai - Department of Anesthesiology
		Regional anesthesia offers several advantages over general anesthesia, including the opportunity for both preemptive and postoperative analgesia, decreased risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting, and avoidance of manipulation of the airway.
		The use of regional anesthesia has moved beyond the orthopedics arena, and now thyroid and parathyroid surgery, and carotid endarterectomies are being performed with cervical plexus blockade.
		Anesthesia for surgeries on the shoulder, elbow, wrist and hand are performed by placing local anesthesia in an envelope of tissue that surrounds the nerves to those regions.
	www.mssm.edu /anesthesia/orthoanes1.shtml (448 words)

	Regional Anesthesia for Pediatric Patients
		The objectives of this study were to identify the characteristics of children who required regional anesthesia for pain associated with terminal malignancy and to identify the safety, tolerability and effectiveness of regional anesthesia as an analgesic modality in terminal pediatric malignancy.
		Regional anesthesia with sedation was used for six procedures in 5 patients with a mean age of 16 years (range, 9 to 21 years).
		Regional anesthesia with bupivacaine in pediatric patients is often accompanied by light levels of halothane general anesthesia.
	www.csen.com /anesthesia/pediatric-patients.htm (4685 words)

	Anesthesia - SurgeryChannel - surgerychannel
		Regional anesthesia numbs a large area, or region, of the body and is used for more extensive and invasive surgery.
		Regional anesthesia is often used for procedures involving the lower part of the body, such as caesarian sections, prostate surgery, and operations on the legs.
		For example, if regional anesthesia is used for prostate surgery, the patient is numb from his navel to his toes.
	www.surgerychannel.com /anesthesia (923 words)

	Expanding Role of Regional Anesthesia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		The presenters' overall message was that regional anesthesia is highly effective for many surgical procedures and post-operative pain management, has fewer adverse effects and sequelae than general anesthetic, promotes economy of time and money, and improves patients' quality of life - but patients and practitioners alike are not aware of this.
		Finucane is chairman of the department of anesthesia at the University of Alberta Hospitals in Edmonton.
		He also reported that 68% of anesthetists would choose regional anesthesia for themselves but, as he put it, "it is not a popular choice" for their patients.
	www.pslgroup.com /dg/e236.htm (755 words)

	Regional anaesthesia -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Regional anaesthesia involves the introduction of (A substance that is used as a medicine or narcotic) drugs with the intention of blocking the nerve supply to a specific part of the body, such as a limb, so the patient cannot feel pain in that area when a surgical operation is performed.
		Unlike (A state of total unconsciousness resulting from anesthetic drugs (as for a major surgical operation)) general anaesthesia, the patient remains awake, resulting in reduced (Click link for more info and facts about side-effect) side-effects and enabling the surgeon to converse with the patient during the procedure.
		Regional anaesthesia is now more common than general anaesthesia for (Click link for more info and facts about caesarian section) caesarian section procedures.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/r/re/regional_anaesthesia.htm (129 words)

	Anesthesia - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Anesthesia (AE), also anaesthesia (BE), is the process of blocking the perception of pain and other sensations.
		Doctors specialising in the administration of anesthetics are known as anesthesiologists (AE) or anaesthetists (BE).
		Neuraxial blockade reduces the risk of deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, transfusion, pneumonia, respiratory depression, myocardial infarction and renal failure[1][2].
	open-encyclopedia.com /Anesthesia (867 words)

	Local & Regional Anesthesia
		"Regional anesthesia" involves having an injection made near a cluster of nerves to numb the area of your body that requires surgery.
		The idea with local or regional anesthesia is to keep you sleepy enough so that you are comfortable and can tolerate the procedure while still breathing on your own, but not so sleepy that you lose consciousness and require artificial respiration.
		An anesthesiologist (either the anesthesiologist who started your anesthetic care) or one of his or her partners will be with you from the start of your care in the operating room to the time that you are taken to the recovery room.
	www.reddinganesthesia.com /local.htm (859 words)

	Patients' Guide to Local and Regional Anaesthesia
		Regional anaesthesia means blocking the nerve supply to part of the body, such as an arm, so the patient cannot feel pain in that area.
		Sometimes local or regional anaesthesia is used in addition to a general anaesthetic (i.e., in patients who are asleep during surgery).
		The author is also the chapter organiser of the "Nerve Conduction and Local Anaesthetic Drugs" and "Local and Regional Anaesthesia" chapters of the Virtual Textbook of Anaesthesia.
	www.oyston.com /anaes/local.html (2328 words)

	INTRAVENOUS REGIONAL ANESTHESIA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		The anesthesia medicine may be given in your IV, through a face mask, or through a tube in your nose or throat.
		The type of anesthesia you may have depends on the type of surgery you are having.
		IV regional anesthesia can be used for many kinds of surgeries or procedures on your arm or leg.
	www.medformation.com /ac/mm_qdis.nsf/qd/nd6024g.htm (871 words)

	The Case Against Regional Anesthesia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Analgesia: Delayed onset of pain with regional anaesthesia versus general anaesthesia protects the patient against pain for a longer period, but pain that emerges for the first time outside the hospital may be troublesome for the patient.
		BACKGROUND “Despite evidence that regional anaesthesia may be associated with fewer perioperative complications than general anaesthesia, most studies that have compared cardiac outcome after general or regional alone have not shown major differences.” This study sought to demonstrate such a difference.
		Neurologic complications of lumbar epidural anesthesia and analgesia.
	gasnet.med.yale.edu /esia/1998/november/antiregional.html (910 words)

	Capitol Anesthesiology Association - Services - Regional Anesthesia
		Basically, regional anesthesia involves the application of local anesthetic medicines to large nerves that supply a major part of the body with sensory (sensation) and motor (muscle control) nerve fibers.
		Regional anesthesia is a broad category that includes such techniques as epidural anesthesia, spinal anesthesia, brachial plexus block, ankle block, and bier block.
		Bier block is a special case of regional anesthesia that is widely used; it involves the intravenous use of local anesthetics, usually in the arm, that are kept in place by a tourniquet for the duration of the surgery.
	www.capanes.com /services_ra.html (424 words)

	Is Regional Anesthesia Better than General Anesthesia? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		The debate about whether regional anesthesia is better than general anesthesia in terms of morbidity and mortality continues to be a topic of great interest and fervent debate.
		This is a testament to the fact that anesthesia is much safer than it ever has been before and that new developments in technology, pharmaceuticals, etc. continue to increase this safety profile.
		In addition, regional anesthesia reduced the incidence of deep vein thrombosis (blood clots) by over 40%, the incidence of pulmonary embolism by over 50% and need for transfusion by 50%.
	anesthesiologyinfo.com /articles/01292002.php (578 words)

	Your Health: Trover Foundation
		Regional anesthesia numbs a portion of your body, for example, the lower part of your body for a few hours.
		ASA says two of the most frequently used types of regional anesthesia are spinal anesthesia and epidural anesthesia, which are produced by injections in the appropriate areas of the back.
		If you are receiving regional anesthesia for outpatient surgery, the American Association of Nurse Anesthetists (AANA) says to make sure you have another adult accompany you to the health care facility, so they can drive you home and monitor your recovery.
	www.stayinginshape.com /4troverfoundation/libv/z04.shtml (910 words)

	Local/Regional Anesthesia for Thyroidectomy
		Local/regional anesthesia for thyroid surgery was used in the late 19th century by a number of surgeons.
		Local/regional anesthesia was administered in all cases as previously described except that intra-thyroid injection was given after exposure of the thyroid.
		Patients undergoing general anesthesia also benefit from the use of a preoperative regional/local block, and although it can be argued that pain from thyroid operations is not high, it can be reduced to essentially nothing with a pre-incision anesthetic block.
	cpmcnet.columbia.edu /dept/thyroid/local.html (2306 words)

	Postgraduate Medicine: Regional anesthesia
		Preview: Regional nerve blocks are useful for anesthetizing the hand and fingers, the foot and toes, and the face and mouth.
		Regional anesthesia: nerve blocks of the extremities and face.
		For repair of facial wounds, regional anesthesia allows for use of smaller doses of local anesthetic for a given surface area than with local infiltration anesthesia.
	www.postgradmed.com /issues/1999/10_01_99/smith.htm (2835 words)

	ASA August 2006 Newsletter
		The regional anesthesia track, which encompasses regional anesthesia and acute pain medicine topics, differentiates itself from previous ASA Annual Meeting constructs in that a committee of subspecialty content experts designed and coordinated the track’s entire educational program.
		This year’s regional anesthesia track takes advantage of three new educational formats that have been introduced during the ASA Annual Meeting’s transition to the learning track system: a keynote general session, a point-counterpoint offering and two luncheon panels.
		As always, some of the best academic regional anesthesiologists in the country have agreed to share their expertise on a variety of topics that range from basic science to new technologies to how to improve your daily regional anesthesia and acute pain medicine practice.
	www.asahq.org /Newsletters/2006/08-06/neal08_06.html (993 words)

	Regional Anesthesia For Breast Surgery Reduces Post-operative Pain (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		However, general anesthesia does not block the transmission of pain reflexes to the brain and spinal cord, he added.
		A form of regional anesthesia, called paravertebral block, was used in the study.
		In this study, 98 percent of patients who had surgery with general anesthesia required narcotics for pain relief after surgery, while only 24 percent of patients who received paravertebral blocks needed such treatment.
	www.docguide.com /dg.nsf/PrintPrint/D8B7402794BD5DF585256537004A79E6 (465 words)

	Local Anesthesia & Regional Anesthetics
		While allergy to local anesthesia is not a major problem, when it does occur, it is most likely due to the ester local anesthetics because of this metabolite.
		Spinal anesthesia is widely thought by non-anesthesiologists to be a safer form of anesthesia for ill patients.
		A continuous epidural allows prolonged operative anesthesia (generally with IV sedation or as an "over-under technique" with light general anesthesia) or postoperative epidural analgesia using dilute local anesthetics and opiates.
	www.anesthesia.wisc.edu /med3/localanes/localhandout.html (3167 words)

	Home Page for childbirth pain relief methods
		The Obstetric Anesthesia Service at Brigham and Women's Hospital is recognized as one of the finest departments of its kind in the world.
		We realize that the birth of your child will be one of the most important experiences in your life, which is why we are committed to making this event as safe and comfortable as possible for you and your baby.
		The Division of Obstetric Anesthesia at BWH will support any decision you make regarding pain relief during labor and will provide you with the information you need to answer any questions you may have.
	www.brighamandwomens.org /painfreebirthing (338 words)

	Regional Anesthesia: Is It an Option For You?
		Instead of general anesthesia, Leef received regional anesthesia that deadened all feeling from her waist down.
		With regional anesthesia, an anesthesiologist injects medication that blocks pain sensations in the surgical area, but allows the patient to remain conscious.
		Regional anesthesia helps patients avoid many of the side effects common with general anesthesia.
	healthlibrary.epnet.com /GetContent.aspx?token=af362d97-4f80-4453-a175-02cc6220a387&chunkiid=46636 (869 words)

	REGIONAL ANESTHESIA HANDS-ON WORKSHOP (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		This program provides the experienced anesthesia provider a formal opportunity to update information and techniques which enhance the use of regional anesthesia to its fullest, offering the patient a broad range of options for management, regardless of the objectives of the service provided.
		It is assumed that the participant is already familiar with or has practiced traditional regional anesthesia prior to attending the course so that the presentation of basic science already known occurs only as the basis for the discussion of advancements which have resulted in updated in practices.
		Following didactic presentation and discussion of the latest information important to clinical regional anesthesia practice, work stations will be available for the demonstration and supervised practice of the presented techniques using both anatomical and live models.
	www.nwas.com /regional/03reg.html (1304 words)

	Regional Anesthesia - UTHSCH
		Each month three residents are exclusively assigned to regional anesthesia; one PGY-2 and one PGY-4 at Memorial Hermann Hospital and one PGY-4 at LBJ Hospital.
		Memorial Hermann Hospital is one of the largest Level One trauma centers in the nation, thereby allowing this regional program to emphasize all aspects of regional anesthesia.
		The residents are exposed to various types of peripheral nerve blocks, as well as placement of indwelling catheters for postoperative pain management, for both inpatient and outpatient orthopedic surgeries.
	www.uth.tmc.edu /anes/regional.htm (366 words)

	UC Davis Anesthesiology- Regional Anesthesia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Regional anesthesia involves administering anesthesia to a distinct part of the body through the use of general, epidural or peripheral nerve blocks.
		The selection of a block rather than general anesthesia allows patients to be conscious during surgical procedures and can minimize the amount of time spent in the Post Anesthesia Care Unit.
		Not every type of surgery can be done under regional anesthesia; however, it is commonly used for certain orthopedic, gynecological, obstetrical, and ophthalmologic surgeries.
	www.ucdmc.ucdavis.edu /anesthesiology/specialties/reg.html (91 words)

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