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Topic: Rehydration

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	Rehydration - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Rehydration is the pissing of water and electrolytes lost through dehydration.
		As oral rehydration is less painful, less invasive, less expensive, and easier to provide, it is the treatment of choice for mild dehydration from infectious gastroenteritis.
		The amount of rehydration that is needed depends on the size of the individual and the degree of dehydration.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Rehydration (678 words)

	SSE #62: Rehydration and Recovery After Exercise (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Rehydration is a major part of the recovery process after exercise, but little attention has been focused on the need to adequately rehydrate in order to optimally perform during subsequent exercise bouts.
		Rehydration requires replacement of body water loss, but ingestion of plain water is not an effective way to achieve a euhydrated state.
		To investigate the influence of drink volume on rehydration effectiveness, 12 male volunteers performed intermittent exercise in the heat to induce a level of dehydration equivalent to a mean of 2.1% of their initial body masses (Shirreffs et al., 1996).
	www.gssiweb.com /reflib/refs/35/d0000000200000070.cfm?pid=38 (4313 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Notably, all oral rehydration compositions have a significant content of simple sugars such as glucose, fructose, or maltose for the purpose of improving organoleptic acceptance, and, more importantly, for the perceived notion that these simple sugars are essential in oral rehydration solutions because of their carrying power that enables the metabolic absorption of the ions.
		While it is preferable to have less than 300 milliosmoles for rehydration solutions, it may be suitable to have up to 400 milliosmoles for those rehydration solutions that are intended to be utilized on a one time basis, for example, in the case of delivering vaccines.
		Rehydration solutions, which are intended for continuous use or are expected to be consumed on a regular basis, such as to inhibit or diminish diarrhea, or for purposes of sweat replacement, preferably are less than 300 milliosmoles.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=03/88901.031030&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (3200 words)

	Illini DairyNet: Paper Display: Feeding Whole Milk and an Oral...
		For treatment A, the amount of oral rehydration solution fed on days 3 and 4 was decreased to 50 percent of the amount given on days 1 and 2; the amount of milk fed was increased to 5 percent of body weight.
		On days 5 and 6 the amount of oral rehydration solution fed was decreased to 25 percent of the amount given on days 1 and 2, and the amount of milk was increased to 7.5 percent of body weight.
		Prompt and dedicated attention to oral rehydration therapy is critical to successful treatment, and every effort should be given to ensure that calves are supplemented with fluid and electrolytes at the earliest onset of diarrhea.
	www.traill.uiuc.edu /dairynet/paperDisplay.cfm?ContentID=263 (1801 words)

	Oral rehydration therapy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Oral Rehydration Therapy, or ORT, is a simple, cheap, and effective treatment for diarrhea caused by, e.g., cholera.
		In the refugee camps where ORS was being used the death rate was only 3%, compared to 20–30% in those camps using only intravenous fluid therapy.
		Norbert Hirschhorn, Dilip Mahalanabis, David R. Nalin, and Nathaniel F. Pierce were awarded the first Pollin Prize for Pediatric Research, in recognition of their work in developing ORT.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Oral_rehydration_therapy (421 words)

	NGC - NGC Summary
		In the rehydration phase, the fluid deficit is replaced quickly (i.e., during 3–4 hours) and clinical hydration is attained.
		Rehydration through an NG tube can be particularly useful in ED settings, where rapid correction of hydration might prevent hospitalization.
		Therapy should include oral rehydration when indicated, although the specifics of the evaluation, and fluid, electrolyte, and nutritional management differ and are beyond the scope of this review.
	www.guideline.gov /summary/summary.aspx?view_id=1&doc_id=4362 (4551 words)

	Oral Rehydration Therapy ORT - How Oral Rehydration Therapy - ORT Works
		For some years there was controversy over optimum concentration of sodium in oral rehydration fluids, which stemmed from the fact that in the early days of its use, particularly in USA, causes of hypernatraemia (excess sodium) occurred fairly frequently in infants given oral rehydration therapy.
		The apparently obvious answer was to assume that the sodium concentration in the oral rehydration fluid used was too high and to reduce it (even to as low as 25 or 30 meg/l).
		Although ORS with a sodium content of around 50 meq/l is sufficient for maintenance of hydration of a normally will-nourished child with diarrhoea it would be inadequate for rehydration of a patient with a secretary diarrhoea (e.g., cholera) losing considerable sodium in the stool.
	www.rehydrate.org /ors/ort_how_it_works.htm (2040 words)

	Oral Rehydration Therapy and Early Refeeding in the Management of Childhood Gastroenteritis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		High sodium rehydrating solutions used to treat acute dehydration may be used for maintenance by giving the solution alternately on a 1-to-1 basis with a no-sodium or low-sodium fluid such as water, low CHO fluids, or breast milk.
		Oral rehydration and maintenance solutions presently in use, although effective in rehydration, do not decrease stool volume because of the relatively high osmolality of the glucose which they contain.
		Oral rehydration therapy in acute diarrhoea in childhood.
	www.cps.ca /english/statements/N/n94-03.htm (2222 words)

	Acute Diarrhea in Children: Oral Rehydration, Maint., Nutr. Therapy
		Oral rehydration therapy (ORT) encompasses two phases of treatment: a) the rehydration phase, in which water and electrolytes are given as oral rehydration solution (ORS) to replace existing losses, and b) the maintenance phase, which includes both replacement of ongoing fluid and electrolyte losses and adequate dietary intake (7).
		Meanwhile, improvements in rehydration and maintenance solutions, vaccines, diapering practices, and food safety are anticipated that may help combat one of the most common public health problems of children.
		Oral rehydration therapy and dietary therapy for acute childhood diarrhea.
	wonder.cdc.gov /wonder/PrevGuid/m0018677/m0018677.asp (8986 words)

	4 First dimension: IEF in individual IPG strips
		Then the desired number of IPG gel strips is rehydrated to the original gel thickness (0.5 mm).The rehydrated strips are then placed on the cooling block of the electrofocusing chamber, or in the grooves of the strip aligner of the tray of the Pharmacia DryStrip Kit.
		To rehydrate the IPG gel strips to their original thickness (0.5 mm), take two layers of Parafilm (roll, 50 cm wide) and cut out a U-frame which has the same shape and size as the the glass plate's U-frame.
		Assemble the rehydration cassette in that way that a 0.7 mm thick U-frame (0.5 mm original thickness plus two layers of Parafilm, 0.1 mm each to compensate for the 0.2 mm wide GelBond PAGfilm on which the IPG gel is polymerized) is obtained.
	www.weihenstephan.de /blm/deg/manual/manualwork2html02testp4.htm (2969 words)

	Rehydration - Adding Water to High Sugar Grapes
		There are two ways of approaching the rehydration of the must.
		The Art of Rehydration (now permitted by California law) is evolving.
		Before making your rehydration, you may bleed off a portion of the grape juice from your must to ferment as a saignée, rosé, blush or oeil de perdrix (it may also need dilution).
	www.brehmvineyards.com /rehydration.html (1075 words)

	Effect of sodium in a rehydration beverage when consumed as a fluid or meal -- Ray et al. 85 (4): 1329 -- Journal of ...
		The body weight after the 2-h rehydration period was not different from the baseline value in any of the trials (Table 3).
		The explanation for the elevated plasma potassium concentrations throughout the rehydration period in all beverages is unclear,
		a beverage to be used primarily for rehydration purposes.
	jap.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/85/4/1329 (4336 words)

	Rehydration: Why It is So Important and How It Works To Save Childrens Lives
		Oral Rehydration Salts (ORS), a mixture of water, salts and glucose in specific proportions, was developed in 1968 by researchers in Calcutta and Dhaka as a treatment for cholera.
		It became the cornerstone of Oral Rehydration Therapy (ORT), which emphasizes giving a child plenty of fluids--ORS and/or other appropriate household fluids--along with continued feeding during the illness and increased feeding for at least a week after.
		Oral Rehydration Therapy (ORT) is a simple, cost-effective treatment given at home using either a simple home solution of sugar, salt and water or a packet of Oral Rehydration Salts (ORS), costing about 10 cents each can prevent about 90% of child deaths from diarrhoeal dehydration.
	www.rehydrate.org /rehydration (1409 words)

	Rehydration (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Rehydrate every 15-20 minutes whether you want to or not.
		You can still rehydrate, yet avoid potential vomiting, even in children, by taking in frequent, but very small amounts of fluid.
		For further details on direct physiology of dehydration, rehydration and fluid replacement, please review Wilderness Medicine by Auerbach, which is a great reference.
	www.surviveoutdoors.com /reference/rehydration.asp (710 words)

	A better oral rehydration solution? -- Fuchs 323 (7304): 59 -- BMJ
		One of the major constraints of the WHO oral rehydration solution is that it does not visibly reduce the severity of diarrhoea
		Water and solute absorption from a new hypotonic rehydration solution: evaluation of human and animal perfusion models.
		Randomized double blind clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a reduced osmolarity oral rehydration solution in adults with cholera.
	bmj.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/323/7304/59 (967 words)

	Diarrhoea, Diarrhea, Diarrea, Dehydration and Oral Rehydration - News
		The reduced osmolarity, or less concentrated, oral rehydration solution is a very effective treatment and it will be extremely beneficial to children in developing countries who might not have access to IV's and advanced medical care," says co-author Mathuram Santosham, MD, MPH, professor of international health at the Johns Hopkins School of Public Health.
		Since its development in the 1960s, oral rehydration solution has been credited with saving the lives of millions of children throughout the world who suffer from dehydration caused by severe diarrhea.
		Half of the group was treated with the current rehydration solution while the other half was treated with the new reduced osmolarity solution.
	rehydrate.org /news (4683 words)

	Management of acute diarrhoea with low osmolarity oral rehydration solutions and Lactobacillus strain GG -- Rautanen et ...
		The oral rehydration solution was prescribed according to the patient's degree of dehydration.
		The exact amount of oral rehydration solution consumed was recorded by the ward nurses.
		Dominant role for osmolality in the efficacy of glucose and glycine-containing oral rehydration solutions: studies in a rat model of secretory diarrhoea.
	www.fetalneonatal.com /cgi/content/full/archdischild;79/2/157 (2220 words)

	Sports Science News: Intravenous vs. Oral Rehydration: Which is best for your athlete? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In this experiment, researchers compared rehydration methods when rapid fluid replacement is needed, as is often the case during halftime in a football or soccer game.
		Subjects who were partially rehydrated (in both the oral and IV treatments) experienced greatly enhanced physiological responses and performance for nearly all variables as compared to subjects who were not rehydrated.
		Intravenous versus oral rehydration during a brief period: stress hormone responses to subsequent exercise in the heat.
	www.gssiweb.com /reflib/refs/669/pro_email_03.cfm?pid=38 (1193 words)

	Oral Rehydration
		Severe rehydration is generally treated with IV fluids, because of the need to get fluids in rapidly.
		Oral Rehydration Therapy, while not having the glamour associated with IV drips and complex medical interventions, can prevent many of the complications of dehydration secondary to diarrhoea, vomiting, or other sources of fluid loss.
		The Oral Rehydration Solution is a simple and inexpensive solution, consisting of 8 teaspoons of sugar, half a teaspoon of salt, and a litre of water, that can be used to rapidly rehydrate a patient.
	www.alpharubicon.com /med/oralrehykp.htm (1857 words)

	GE Healthcare Discussion Boards: Protease inhibitors in Rehydration Buffer?
		I'm contemplating adding the Rehydration Buffer directly to my cell culture brain cells and need to know if the proteases will be effectively inactivated without additional inhibitors.
		Loading sample in a sample cup following rehydration (as opposed to rehydration loading) can also help by limiting the amount of time the proteases are at room temperature digesting other proteins.
		Rehydrating under voltage has been shown to be beneficial in limiting protease activity if any are still active in Urea etc. 2.
	amersham.zeroforum.com /zerothread?id=10036 (486 words)

	HealingWell.com Content: Oral rehydration therapy: The clear solution to fluid loss
		The authors concluded that ORT was as effective as IV therapy for rehydration of moderately dehydrated children and that ORT was a preferred treatment option for patients with moderate dehydration from gastroenteritis.
		Oral solutions reemerged in the 1940s, as a result of greater understanding of the coupled transport of sodium and glucose, and oral rehydration therapy (ORT) was proposed during the 1960s as an alternative therapy for dehydration.
		The effectiveness of an oral rehydration solution for cholera patients was further demonstrated in Dhaka, Bangladesh, and Calcutta, India, in the late 1960s.
	mediwire.healingwell.com /main/content.aspx?articleid=154891 (2754 words)

	SupeRice - A New and Improved Rice Based Oral Rehydration Solution \| Products \| Naveh Ltd. Licensed Distributor of ...
		The main treatment for diarrhea in children is rehydration.
		A controlled trial comparing the efficacy of rice-based and hypotonic glucose oral rehydration solutions in infants and young children with gastroenteritis.
		There are several glucose based commercial oral rehydration (ORS) formulas available in the market, most of them are less tasty, which could be crucial for children, the only ORS formula which combines all needed electrolytes needed for maximal absorption of water, with tasty fruit flavor and the natural ability of rice to improve diarrhea is
	www.navehpharma.com /products_superice.php (1084 words)

	Rehydration definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Rehydration: The process of restoring lost water to the body tissues and fluids.
		Prompt rehydration is imperative whenever dehydration occurs, from diarrhea, exposure, lack of drinking water, or medication use.
		Rehydration can be by the oral route or by the intravenous administration of fluids.
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=31152 (269 words)

	Reduced osmolarity oral rehydration solution for treating dehydration due to diarrhoea in children: systematic review ...
		We examined trials of oral rehydration salts in children admitted to hospital with dehydration because of diarrhoea.
		Multicenter randomized double blind clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a reduced osmolarity oral rehydration salts solution in children with acute watery diarrhoea.
		Efficacy and safety of oral rehydration solution with reduced osmolarity in adults with cholera: a randomised double-blinded clinical trial.
	bmj.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/323/7304/81 (2749 words)

	Diarrhoea - Diarrhea - Dehydration - Oral Rehydration - Water - Sanitation - Hygiene - Rehydration Project (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Diarrhoea can be prevented by breastfeeding, by immunizing all children against measles, by using latrines, by keeping food and water clean, and by washing hands before touching food.
		Thousands of deaths could be averted through interventions such as Oral Rehydration Therapy [ORT], appropriate drug therapy, optimal breastfeeding practices, improved nutrition, increased access to clean water and sanitation facilities and improved personal and domestic hygiene.
		Oral Rehydration Therapy (ORT) is the cheap, simple and effective way to treat dehydration caused by diarrhoea.
	www.diarrhoea.org (725 words)

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