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Topic: Reification

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	Technological Determinism: Reification
		Reification is a difficult charge to avoid, since any use of linguistic categorization (including words such as 'society' or 'culture') could be said to involve reification.
		Reification is involved when we divide human experience into 'spheres' variously tagged as 'social', 'cultural', 'educational', 'political', 'ideological', 'philosophical', 'religious', 'legal', 'industrial', 'economic', 'scientific' or 'technological'.
		I should add that whilst reification is a strong criticism for materialist theorists, to other theorists who reject epistemological realism (which posits the purely objective existence of things in the world) reification is hardly meaningful as a criticism, since (as one's stance approaches epistemological idealism) things are what we make with words.
	www.aber.ac.uk /media/Documents/tecdet/tdet05.html (569 words)

	Ralph Dumain: "The Autodidact Project": Gajo Petrovic: Reification
		Although the idea of reification is implicit already in the early works of Marx (e.g., in the Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts), an explicit analysis and use of 'reification' begins in his later writings and reaches its peak in the Grundrisse, and Capital.
		He insists that reification exists to a certain extent in 'all social forms insofar as they reach the level of commodity production and money circulation', but that 'in the capitalist mode of production and in capital which is its dominating category.
		The book was less ambitious than Lukács's (concentrating on reification in economics) and also less radical; while Lukács found some place for ‘alienation' in his theory of reification, Rubin was inclined to regard the theory of reification as the scientific reconstruction of the utopian theory of alienation.
	www.autodidactproject.org /other/reification1.html (1400 words)

	The Three R’s of Use Case Formalisms: Realization, Refinement, and Reification
		A use case is reified through a use case instance that constitutes the performance of the sequence of actions specified in a scenario of the use case.
		If the activity model support the reification of the use case, then the change of states can be used to track processing and movement among the functional boundaries defined for each partition.
		Reification of use cases is a particularly controversial concept.
	www.iit.edu /~rhurlbut/xpt-tr-97-06.html (4346 words)

	reification howto
		Reification in RDF and Jena is the ability to treat a
		Users of reification in Jena may, by default, simply manipulate reified statements as these quads.
		It also optimises the storage for complete reification quads, avoiding having to store the extra four statements merely to represent one reification.
	jena.sourceforge.net /how-to/reification.html (830 words)

	On Social Class, Power, Property, Reification, and Poverty
		Reification is that which makes the individual part of the collective whole and denies them the ability to be one amongst many rather than one as a part of many.
		Reification is something which de-humanises the individual and makes them not one among the many, but one as a part of the many.
		Reification was experienced during the days that my Mom and I were a part of the welfare system, we were treated as a part of the system which needed correction.
	www.bestsyndication.com /2005/I-Q/Kaminski-TONY/113005_social_class.htm (1816 words)

	Axel Honneth - Verdinglichung - Reviewed by Frederick Neuhouser, Barnard College, Columbia University - Philosophical ...
		Reification is pathological, rather, because it represents the "atrophy or distortion of an original praxis in which the human being takes up a practically involved relation to himself and his world" (27).
		In other words, reification rests on a failure to acknowledge -- a forgetting of -- some more primary relation to the world and to oneself that, as Heidegger famously put it, is "always already" present in or presupposed by a distanced, contemplative stance to the world.
		On Honneth's account, reification is present not just any time someone takes up an "objective" (neutral, disengaged) attitude to things or persons but only when he loses consciousness of the measure to which his knowledge of them depends on his prior recognition of, or involvement with, the "objects" of his knowledge (68, 69).
	ndpr.nd.edu /review.cfm?id=5941 (1601 words)

	Lukacs' Reification and Heller's Theory of need in Marx (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Both Lukacs' concept of reification and Heller's analysis of the Marxist theory of needs, which I attempt to elucidate here, are themselves attempts to counter this positivism inherent in Marxism, which has tended to plague socialism to its extreme detriment wherever it attempts to engender itself as a social reality.
		Both Lukacs in his analysis of reification and Heller in her analysis of needs in Marx posit as central effects of commodifaction the fact that the worker becomes dominated by and alienated from his own activity and labour power – the effect of commodification is fundamentally one of estrangement and alienation.
		The term 'reification', however, is a rather unwieldy one, and suffers from a symptom that foreign terms often tend to suffer when translated into English: the tendency to use uncommon or obscure terms in English.
	www.situation.ru /app/j_art_653.htm (2252 words)

	Commodity Fetishism and Reification - Mike Rooke \| libcom.org
		Reification of the social world is thus inscribed in the method of positivist social science at its most fundamental level.
		Such reification is rooted in the sundering of the subject from the objective world, the defining feature of modern philosophy.
		Such reification is expressed most succinctly in the idea of the `economy' as a thing, separate from other spheres of life (politics, the family, etc.,), and made up of those 'facts' designated as 'economic'.
	libcom.org /library/commodity-fetishism-and-reification-mike-rooke (11447 words)

	Reification and Ratification
		Reification means viewing something (such as a process or relationship) as an object.
		Excessive reification may be regarded as a mode of misplaced concreteness akin to fetishism.
		Naive reification results in fixed and unchangeable identities and classifications - and this suits the normal constraints of data management software - but often results in information systems that are inflexible and cause difficulties to business users.
	www.users.globalnet.co.uk /~rxv/infomgt/reification.htm (1006 words)

	RDF Semantics
		reification of the triple in the first graph, and the node which is intended to refer to the first triple - the blank node in the second graph - is called, rather confusingly, a reified triple.
		This particular interpretation of reification was chosen on the basis of use cases where properties such as dates of composition or provenance information have been applied to the reified triple, which are meaningful only when thought of as referring to a particular instance or token of a triple.
		Since the relation between triples and reifications of triples in any RDF graph or graphs need not be one-to-one, asserting a property about some entity described by a reification need not entail that the same property holds of another such entity, even if it has the same components.
	www.w3.org /TR/rdf-mt (11716 words)

	Reification and the Consciousness of the Proletariat by Georg Lukacs
		Reification and the Consciousness of the Proletariat by Georg Lukacs
		Only then does the commodity become crucial for the subjugation of men’s consciousness to the forms in which this reification finds expression and for their attempts to comprehend the process or to rebel against its disastrous effects and liberate th e, from servitude to the ‘second nature’ so created.
		Here it is precisely subjectivity itself, knowledge, temperament and powers of expression that are reduced to an abstract mechanism functioning autonomously and divorced both from the personality of their ‘owner’ and from the material and concrete nature of the subject matter in hand.
	www.marxists.org /archive/lukacs/works/history/hcc05.htm (10363 words)

	Reify - Reification
		Ordinary knowledge cannot help but reify its experience, and this process of reification seems to be a natural stage in the soul’s cognitive development, necessary for the development of ordinary knowledge and discursive thinking.
		This is the essence of reification, taking a manifest and inseparable form and holding it in the mind as a separate self-existing object.
		In our work here one way we address this vicious circle of reification and reactivity is to work on the qualities of the soul, the essential aspects.
	www.ahalmaas.com /glossary/r/reification.htm (814 words)

	Preemptive Reification
		The advantage of preemptive reification is that we can always say something new about anything that already exists, without having to choose between the two evils of creating redundant connections, on the one hand, or invalidating existing lore about how things are connected together, on the other.
		It uses the yardstick of "substantiveness with respect to the semantics of the assertion" to justify its decisions as to the level at which further in situ reification is forbidden.
		The kind of reification that is forbidden by the Topic Maps Reference Model, below a certain "floor" level, is a specialized kind of reification, in situ reification, in which the reifying node literally replaces what would otherwise be an arc in exactly the same place ("in situ") in the graph.
	www.coolheads.com /SRNPUBS/preemptive-reification.htm (1830 words)

	[topicmapmail] RDF/Topic Maps: late/lazy reification vs. early/preemptive reification
		RDF provides a process, called "reification", whereby an arc can be alternatively represented as a node when it is discovered that someone wants to say something about it.
		The term "reification" is derived from the Latin noun "res" (pronounced like "race"), which means "thing".) When Michael used Kate Hamilton (the "buttering event") to be the surrogate of the arc represented by the blue ribbon, he was reifying the blue ribbon.
		If, on the other hand, the process of reification does not cause the arcs whose functions have been duplicated to disappear, then we have a situation in which a considerable amount of redundant information is contributing to our infoglut problem.
	www.infoloom.com /pipermail/topicmapmail/2001q3/003347.html (1470 words)

	PROGRESSIVEWORLD.NET: REVIEWS BY DAVID CISCO
		Syrinx is more forthright about their musical philosophy; they play “metamorphic music” (their description), music designed to induce an “interior metamorphosis” in listeners and to create a “climate” that remains in the physical environment after the music has stopped.
		And, if that’s not enough, Reification is the first piece in a trilogy of instrumental works created to recount the tale of the subversion of the Aeon Syrinx by the Archon Pan.
		From the opening melody of “Reification” to the closing strains of “L’Hypostase Des Archontes," the ringing guitars carry the show, primarily as finger-picked melodies integrated into the heavily-textured soundscapes.
	www.progressiveworld.net /syrinx.html (538 words)

	Plato's Cave: Reification (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Reification on the other hand implies not a one-to-many transformation, which would potentially produce an infinite variety of variants, but rather a one-to-one-of-many transformation, although the exact variant that is generated could be any one of the infinite variety of variant forms.
		Reification implies not just a feed-forward processing through the hierarchy of visual representation, but both a bottom-up feed-forward, and a simultaneous top-down feed-back processing of information.
		The reason, I propose, that reification has not been considered much in the neural computation literature is not for lack of evidence of reification in perception, but rather for lack of ideas as to how such functionality might be achieved using conventional neural elements without invoking combinatorial complexity.
	cns-alumni.bu.edu /pub/slehar/webstuff/pcave/reification.html (294 words)

	Representing Reified Relations in Loom (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The reification of a tuple is a proposition object possessing a case role for each domain attribute in the tuple.
		The reification of a set of fillers of a role is an abject sometimes referred to as a "roleset".
		We present a number of semantic variations of this reification operation and argue that the unbridled application of such reification operators has the potential to overwhelm the representation mechanism.
	www.isi.edu /isd/LOOM/papers/macgregor/propositions.html (176 words)

	EJAP 5:2: Gibson, "Quine on Matters Ontological"
		The reification of bodies comes in stages in one's acquisition of language, each successive stage being more clearly and emphatically an affirmation of existence.
		Such reification presupposes an elaborate schematism of space, time, and conjectural hidden careers or trajectories on the part of causally interacting bodies.
		Reification is a topic that Quine has written about extensively and in some detail, but in Pursuit of Truth he gives two especially illuminating, brief, examples of the kind of thing he has in mind:
	ejap.louisiana.edu /EJAP/1997.spring/gibson976.html (2655 words)

	REIFICATION OF THE EXPERIENCE OF ENTIRE SANCTIFICATION IN THE AMERICAN HOLINESS MOVEMENT (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The fallacy of reification and the fallacy of misplaced concreteness are the same.
		The reification of experience is also attributable to the desire in the movement to safeguard "definiteness," to its commitment to unsophisticated biblical exegesis, and to its inadequate understanding of human psychology.
		Although the reification of experience had numerous contributing elements, its center had principally to do with temporality, and secondarily with dispositional and behavioral considerations.
	wesley.nnu.edu /wesleyan_theology/theojrnl/31-35/31-2-5.htm (8064 words)

	Techquila - Adding Detail By Reification
		Reification is the process by which a topic may be constructed to represent the assertion made by some other construct in the topic map.
		This process enables a name to be given to a particular occurrence of a topic, or documentation of an association to be "attached" to the association itself.
		The mark-up for this reification is shown in Sample 15 and a conceptual overview of the reification is shown in Figure 6.
	www.techquila.com /pi_reification.html (235 words)

	The Reification of Race in Health Research
		While the scientific validity of racial distinctions between human populations has long since been disputed, the cultural logic of stratifying populations by race/ethnicity exerts a powerful pull--it is a highly ritualized scientific practice enshrined in law and government regulation.
		Recent research on smoking and nicotine metabolism illustrates the implications of the reification of the race concept in health research.
		It is, however, an example of a rare public policy choice--a decision to avoid the imposition of categories of difference that do not adequately reflect actual genetic variation in the human population.
	academic.udayton.edu /health/08Research/research01.htm (2263 words)

	Reification and design \| Si 684
		Participation is participation; reification is the process by which norms, mores, or a cultural environment become objectified (the claim from Vignette I is an example of a reified object).
		A series of reifications over time is often an environmental feature of practice: "claims processors are not the designers of the rules and forms they use, yet they must absorb them into their practice" (60).
		Certainly there are cases where prior reifications serve to make life more difficult for a community participant and cases where they improve in in some way.
	icd.si.umich.edu /684/node/434 (1207 words)

	Reification - AnthroBase - Dictionary of Anthropology: A searchable database of anthropological texts (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Anthropologists are often concerned to show that social and cultural phenomena are results of underlying processes that we have a tendency to overlook, and that they are thus "something other than what they seem to be".
		Reification stands for the opposite: that we take phenomena for given, as they appear to us.
		When I say "I am a Norwegian", this is a reification, which hides the countless other things I also am.
	www.anthrobase.com /Dic/eng/def/reification.htm (148 words)

	[No title]
		Reification, the act in which a person or group makes a “thing” out of a concrete and complex construction, is generally divided into two stages.
		Despite the fact that both instances are examples of the reification process and genocide, these two historical events differ in a very important way.
		Through reification of the self and others, modernism, and nativism, the Holocaust and Rwandan genocide appear to be horrid acts by extremely evil people.
	filebox.vt.edu /s/stwrigh2/GenocideEssay.doc (2216 words)

	When the actor quits
		A crucial aspect of reification is that the workers do not know that they are being used/oppressed/dominated.
		This is the essence of alienation and reification.
		It is the antithesis of and therefore the antidote to reification.
	www.change-links.org /quit1.html (1719 words)

	Interaction-Design.org Encyclopedia: Reification (to reify) - Interaction-Design.org: A site about HCI, Usability, UI ...
		To reify (or reification) is used in a variety of meanings.
		According the WordNet 1.7 dictionary, reification means "regarding something abstract as a material thing".
		In the fields of HCI and interaction design the term is however most often used as "making something material from something abstract." In other words "thingifying" something abstract (like an idea, a work practice, a social relationshiop) or at least making a representation of it.
	www.interaction-design.org /encyclopedia/reification_to_reify.html (345 words)

	Triablogue: The Fallacy of Reification
		Reification is also sometimes known as a fallacy of "hypostatization".
		Therefore, upon analysis, the reason this charge has been leveled at me is because the one who levels it holds to a certain ontological commitment which disallows anything that is not, say, marble-like, to be said to exist.
		Reification occurs when an abstract concept is treated as a concrete thing.
	triablogue.blogspot.com /2006/07/fallacy-of-reification.html (2263 words)

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