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Topic: Reifying

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	CSCL '99 Submission Format Example
		To do this, we are defining a typology of collaborative problem solving roles, reifying these roles at the problem solving interface, and accumulating evidence about individual behavior and group problem solving performance in a Bayesian inference network.
		When designing a team tutoring system, a fundamental concern is how to reify each of the collaborative roles at the interface, and also how to detect which CLS is extant at any particular time.
		Once reified at the user interface, the goal and plan structures provide an abstract annotation of the problem solving trace, and the trace itself becomes an exemplification of the abstraction.
	www.research.ibm.com /AppliedLearningSciWeb/Singley/Singley1.htm (4614 words)

	"Reifying Genre Conventions" by John H. Kim
		It is a tricky line of which conventions should be reified and which should not.
		One way to reify a story convention is to make it a law of the universe.
		On the other hand, you could reifying this by defining a principle of combat that multiple attackers will tend to get in each others way and be less effective.
	www.darkshire.net /%7Ejhkim/rpg/theory/genre/reification.html (1326 words)

	Writing by Authors (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Coulmas claims that this 'reifying function' of writing makes text into something that is both stable and tangible, a depersonalized object in its own right.
		Text which is written in a computer is not tangible but 'virtual', and it is not necessarily stable either, at least not in an interactive global network.
		The reifying function of text is challenged in electronic writing, and I shall return to that below.
	www.aliasdoctorwebber.com /reifying.html (101 words)

	Reification - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In knowledge representation, reification is sometimes used to represent facts that must then be manipulated in some way, for example to compare logical assertions from different witnesses to determine their credibility.
		The message "John is six feet tall" is an assertion of truth that commits the sender to the fact, whereas the reified statement, "Mary reports that John is six feet tall" defers this commitment to Mary.
		In this way, the statements can be incompatible without creating contradictions in reasoning.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Reification (460 words)

	"Actor reflection without meta-objects" (and Java) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Furthermore, if the data structures of this continuation actor is reified and manipulated by another actor, then that actor's script may been seen as running at an yet higher level, the level of the (continuation actor's) interpreter, and so on.
		A uniform notation is used for an actor to send reifying messages to other actors as well as to itself, although the implementation may treat this differently when the target is itself, for no inter-actor communication need to be generated in that case.
		It is possible also to have it so that all reifying (and reflecting) messages are processed out of order (for example, as soon as they arrive), but we do not see any significant advantage of this.
	www.cs.indiana.edu /~tanaka/geb/Actref (4185 words)

	Reification (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		is added to the table reifying an entity type.
		table reifying the relationship type, or, informally, that the entity type absorbed the relationship type.
		fields of the tables reifying the types involved.
	erw.dsi.unimi.it /ERW/x642.html (487 words)

	Critics and High Places (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Rather, the other is reified into a general idea of all those who are not the self towering above the city.
		He wonders out loud whether the scene he sees from the window might actually be merely "the analogue of the facsimile produced...by the space planner urbanist, city planner or cartographer"(4).
		We seek to remove the alterity of the other by reifying that text into a series of generalizations about the object as a whole.
	www.bactroid.net /article.php/297 (1538 words)

	Commodity -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		This means that both the inputs and the outputs of most production in society are priced, tradeable goods, so that what and how much is produced is largely determined by market forces.
		The reifying effect of universalised trade in commodities, involving a process Marx calls " (additional info and facts about commodity fetishism) commodity fetishism," means that social relations are expressed as relations between things; for example, price relations.
		In Marx's description of (An economic system based on private ownership of capital) capitalism, commodity sales increase the amount of exchange-value in the possession of the owners of capital, i.e., they yield profit and thus augment capital.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/c/co/commodity.htm (1083 words)

	The Illusion of an Unchanging Self-Identity \| Jef's web files (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		That is the nature of things, against which we fortify ourselves through the misapprehension of grasping an unchanging identity which is at variance with the way things really are and thus invariably produces suffering.
		The principal dimension of this misapprehension is reifying ourselves into Selves, the feeling that somehow I must have an unchanging core which is the ‘Real Me’.
		Thus, unlike other spiritual teachers in India, the Buddha did not teach the search for the True Self behind the changing world, but rather the opposite: he taught that there is no True Self either in or behind the changing world, and grasping at such Selves is the cause of suffering.
	www.jefallbright.net /node/2522 (379 words)

	reification howto
		A statement may be reified as many different resources, allowing different manifestations ("statings") of that statement to be treated differently if required.
		It is not permitted for two different (non-equals) statements to be reified onto the same resource.
		All the reified statements in the model that reify the given statement are removed, whatever their reifying resource.
	jena.sourceforge.net /how-to/reification.html (830 words)

	4. Programming with reifying and reflecting messages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		In this section, we show some programming examples using the reifying and reflecting messages, and show the range of programming possible with our approach.
		In the first two examples, a reifier and a reflector are used by itself, not in pairs.
		It should be noted that reification and reflection do not have to occur in pairs at all in this model, as there is no global level common to all actors.
	www.cs.indiana.edu /~tanaka/GEB/Actref/tree/node12.html (71 words)

	Sic et Non: Weber and the Twilight of Enlightenment (Rezension, Catarino; 1998) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Rationalization of value spheres was not simply a matter of greater cognitive mastery of nature or greater powers of mastery oriented organization, but meant elaboration of cultural value spheres such as scientific knowledge, moral and aesthetic values.
		Weber didn’t argue that the rationalization of society, that is the splitting of the economy and the state from the overarching control of religious or metaphysical system, was itself reifying since it was a condition of the elaboration of value rationality, thought ironically, it was also a condition of it’s potential reification.
		Weber’s diagnosis of the iron cage, did not view reason as pathological, but rather saw the pathology of rationalization in later modernity as problem within modernity, that is to say with the transition from traditional forms of action to modern ones based on self-understanding.
	www.sicetnon.cogito.de /artikel/rezensio/weber.htm (3610 words)

	Blogger: Email Post to a Friend
		Only then arises the possibility of a knowledge exchange about indigenous healing practices that can be called equitable, instead of acquisitive, reifying, or appropriative.
		But I want to distinguish a postmodern that's "acquisitive, reifying, or appropriative" from an approach that's "complete, holistic, and associative".
		But in another sense the long story is held by "discourses far from, and unintelligible to, the West" as John Mohawk put it.
	www.blogger.com /email-post.g?blogID=6584334&postID=108239762489077274 (351 words)

	Metaphors of Nature: Old Vinegar in New Bottles? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Similarly, the metaphor is dualistic and reifying in that it constructs an idea of Nature as a physical structure within which humans reside, and not something that humans themselves partially constitute.
		Given that certain streams of ecophilosophy are advocating a shift from the Western human view of Nature that is anthropocentric, resourcist, hierarchical, reductionistic, reifying, and dualistic, to a sense of Nature that is ecocentric, non-domineering, egalitarian, respectful, holistic, process-oriented, and relational, it is not surprising to see a similar shift in metaphors.
		A further irony of this apparently improved image is that it tends to reify Nature, by presenting a static view.
	trumpeter.athabascau.ca /content/v9.4/meisner.html (5558 words)

	Reflective Secure Bootstrapping
		In general, change is supported by reifying the structure and evaluation strategy in the ORB.
		Although these results were obtained within the context of an ORB architecture, we believe that the technique and concept used there will also apply to the design and development of the proposed reflective secure bootstrapping process in active networking environments.
		In the same way, we can introduce reflection to the bootstrapping process by reifying some entities that are important to bootstrapping and may have different implementations in different situations.
	srg.cs.uiuc.edu /Security/seraphim/Proposal/node10.html (362 words)

	The Skeptics Society :: View topic - Is Fallacy Inherent in Reifying?
		My sense is that they are probably not reifying, and if they are it is not fallacious, but I've made little progress going 'round and 'round trying to solidify my footing.
		Although the word "reify" is not used, Corey and I are radical behaviorists, so the argument is used.
		Gould states clearly that he is speaking on this topic as an expert on factoral analysis and the misuses of it to establish a person or a group as being inferior, and not as a psychologist.
	www.skepticforum.com /viewtopic.php?t=564 (3208 words)

	5th USENIX Conference on Object-Oriented Technologies and Systems, May 3-7, 1999, San Diego, California, USA
		In this paper, we present a generic model for reifying dependencies in distributed component systems and discuss how it can be used to support automatic configuration.
		Although we describe the implementation of a framework for reifying inter-component dependence, the details about the implementation of prerequisites are out of the scope of this paper and will be addressed in a future document.
		Chi95], for example, are extensions to C++ that reify several features of this language, allowing dynamic modification of their implementations.
	www.usenix.org /publications/library/proceedings/coots99/full_papers/kon/kon_html (5742 words)

	Sensei's Library: Reification
		It is some reified concept: a thing that one can learn separately.
		We reify into approach moves and so on.
		This is scarcely surprising: six dame liberties to fill can be filled in 720 ways, and we want to deal with all those lines together, mentally.
	senseis.xmp.net /?Reification (812 words)

	Nat' Academies Press, Open Access and the Public Domain in Digital Data and Information for Science: Proceedings of an ...
		The risk of reifying data is the problem of assigning value, assuming that there is value in data and information, without consideration of institutionalized practices, both in terms of where the data come from and also where these data or information are going to be put to use.
		THE RISK OF REIFYING DATA The risk of reifying data is the problem of assigning value, assuming that there is value in data and information, without consideration of institutionalized practices, both in terms of where the data come from and also where these data or information are going to be put to use.
		Again, this requires an ability to examine the reified notion of data and information and develop critical judgment about what is relevant, beneficial, and feasible.
	www.nap.edu /openbook.php?record_id=11030&page=41 (3023 words)

	Iguana/J: Index
		Metaobject class to reify method execution at the target object.
		A reference to the next metaobject in the set reifying one category of operation in a protocol.
		Proceed with the reified operation by passing it to another metaobject or explicitly carrying it out.
	www.dsg.cs.tcd.ie /~redmondb/iguanaj/doc/index-all.html (775 words)

	Learn more about Postmodernism in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		If it did not exist and was not of importance, you would not be analyzing it.
		Also, you are in the process of defining it and reifying its existence as you name its pieces.
		Most people use deconstruction simply to mean the analysis of the binaries within an idea.
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /p/po/postmodernism.html (2741 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Secondly, I think it is important to notice that I am arguing, not for reifying the universe, but for explaining its origin.
		However, it is interesting that in Hodge's last post one must believe that in order to say that the universe really didn't begin to exist one must believe that the universe is an abstract object.
		Therefore, let the reader understand that with strange affirmations of making the universe an abstract object and denying the consensus of astronomy, we are obligated to survey some good reasons to accept such fantastic claims.
	sguthrie.net /hodge_guthrie5.htm (576 words)

	Wäldchen vom Philosophenweg
		Hence, this particular context demands an entirely different kind of "collective project," one in which no amount of reification can ever entirely paper over the particular consequences of the means and ends.
		I recognize and agree with some of the ways in which philosophical liberals point out the special dangers which come from "reifying community," dangers which individualism is supposed to take care of (and admittedly, often does).
		But I'm uncomfortable with arguments which suggest, even if only implicitly (which is the case with Jacob's piece), that this "reification" is always problematic, and can never truly be a solution to the "costs" of political life on its own terms.
	philosophenweg.blogspot.com /2003/09/reifying-community-jacobs-challenging.html (658 words)

	RE: Peering over the edge of the RDF cliff from Jeff Sussna on 2000-01-06 (www-rdf-interest@w3.org from January 2000)
		It seems to me that using an ID attribute on a property would be a convenient way of naming the otherwise anonymous node resulting from reifying the particular statement.
		At this point I cannot think of a good reason why we would have restricted this (speaking as the editor of the spec).
		It should be noted, though, that using the ID only makes sense if you are reifying, since otherwise there obviously is no representation for it (in the triple space).
	lists.w3.org /Archives/Public/www-rdf-interest/2000Jan/0024.html (445 words)

	Audrey Thompson - Political Pragmatism and Educational Inquiry
		In philosophy of education, a large part of the pragmatist enterprise has had to do with revisiting and reintroducing Dewey for democratic educational purposes; by contrast, pragmatism in the rest of the philosophical world has tended to align itself with newer political and intellectual movements, including cultural studies, feminism, and postmodernism.
		The distinctive contribution that pragmatism has to make to educational understanding is an emergent method of inquiry that avoids reifying prevailing conditions.
		Locke explicitly takes a pragmatist line in several of his writings, but for the most part does not fall within the political pragmatist tradition, since he relies on creativity, communication, the abandonment of false ideas, and escape from politically polarized argumentation as the major tools needed for social change.
	www.ed.uiuc.edu /EPS/PES-Yearbook/96_docs/thompson.html (4823 words)

	Metaclass Mechanisms: a CLOS Perspective for Reifying Relationships - Kolp, Pirotte, Zimanyi (ResearchIndex)
		First, a reflective system is a referential system: it must have a prior ability...
		Metaclass mechanisms: a CLOS perspective for reifying relationships.
		5 A metaobject protocol for reifying semantic relationships in..
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /552927.html (538 words)

	Capital & Class: labor theory of value and the strategic role of alienation, The
		In order to avoid reifying Marx's social theory, it is important to focus on the social relations that Marx's analytical categories denote.
		Some interpreters of Marx propose a 'scientific' reading, in which Marx's categories are given 'objective' meanings and are assigned immutable roles in the structural 'laws of capitalism.' John Holloway (1995) recently denounced this tradition for objectifying and reifying Marx's categories and for transforming the analysis into vulgar determinism.
		In order to go beyond such Marxist fetishism and to re-establish Marx's analysis as a useful radical critique of capitalism, it is necessary to examine the social relations denoted by Marx's analytical categories.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3780/is_200207/ai_n9146176 (1167 words)

	[sc34wg3] SAM issue: reification-effects (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		This is another issue in the SAM that should be aired on the mailing list.
		Occurrence in topic map: http://www.ontopia.net/omnigator/models/topic_complete.jsp?tm=tm-standards.xtmandid=1389 Occurrence in SAM: http://www.isotopicmaps.org/sam/sam-model/#reification-effects The general question is: What is the relationship between the type of a name, occurrence, association or association role, and the type of a topic that reifies it?
		What if the type of the reifying topic is a supertype (or subtype) of the association?
	www.isotopicmaps.org /pipermail/sc34wg3/2003-February/001105.html (273 words)

	Confessions of a bandwidth pirate (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		E-prime is the use of English without the use of the verb "to be".
		E-prime tends to reduce the avalanche of miscommunication that dominates our reifying language as used currently.
		More time and words are wasted on attacking and defending communications based on the verb "to be" than could ever be used up in deleting the confusing little suckers in the first place.
	www.cryonet.org /cgi-bin/dsp.cgi?msg=14511 (573 words)

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