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Topic: Reintroduction

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	American Zoo and Aquarium Association (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Reintroductions to restock commercially harvestable populations, or to restock populations for recreational hunting and fishing are common, and may provide information useful for reintroductions intended to establish self-sustaining populations (1,12).
		Reintroduction should not be used solely to dispose of animals surplus to a captive population, or to dispose of unplaceable "orphans".
		If reintroduction of unwanted surplus or orphans is politically unavoidable, then every effort should be made to release the animals in areas where they are genotypically appropriate, and to isolate them (at least initially) from wild conspecifics to protect the wild population from disease and disruption, and to protect the reintroduced animals from aggression (1,6,11,12).
	www.aza.org /AboutAZA/reintroduction (2234 words)

	Reintroduction
		Reintroduction is the release of captive individuals into an area which was once part of that species’ historical range, but from which it has been extirpated or extinct.
		Translocation is similar to reintroduction in that it involves the release of individuals into a part of the species’ historical range.
		One way to observe the status of a reintroduction attempt is to look for the establishment of a sustainable population of a species in an area where it had previously been extirpated from.
	www.lpzoo.org /conservation/Population_Biology/reintroduction (279 words)

	American Bald Eagle's Future
		Reintroduction programs have helped to bring the bald eagle back to areas from which they had disappeared, but there continues to be a problem.
		As recovery and reintroduction programs were begun, as the US Fish and Wildlife Service assembled the largest colony of breeding bald eagles in captivity at its Patuxent Wildlife Research Center near Laurel, Maryland, in an effort to return healthy eagles to the wild.
		Eaglets used for reintroduction may be captive-hatched, or, since usually only two young per nest survive, they may be transferred from a bald eagle nest with a clutch of more than two.
	www.baldeagleinfo.com /eagle/future.html (1067 words)

	REINTRODUCTION OF NATIVE FISHES IN THE GREAT LAKES: A RESEARCH COORDINATION TASK
		Reintroduction from one Great Lake to another implies replacement at the population level with genotype(s) that are native to the basin but not to the lake.
		Therefore, a candidate genotype for reintroduction may not be a direct ancestor of the genotype that it is expected to replace.
		The deepwater sculpin is abundant in the upper lakes and is absent from lakes Erie and Ontario.
	www.glfc.org /research/Nativefish.htm (4096 words)

	The Rôle of Captive Breeding and Reintroduction in Wild Dog Conservation
		Reintroduction of wild dogs is technically possible provided some of the animals released are wild-caught, and that the newly-established population receives adequate protection from persecution and disease.
		Reintroduction is most needed in West and central Africa, but there are no wild dogs with appropriate local genotypes held in captivity, and no local populations large enough to provide a source of wild-caught animals.
		Reintroduction could, however, be used to establish a network of small sub-populations containing just one or two packs in fenced reserves and private land in southern Africa.
	www.canids.org /PUBLICAT/AWDACTPL/7reintro.htm (6772 words)

	EPA: Federal Register: Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants Establishment
		The goal of the Arizona reintroduction effort is the establishment of a free-ranging population of at least 30 adult animals within the AVEPA by the year 2001.
		Each reintroduction includes techniques to ensure long-term survival of released ferrets to the greatest extent possible, and provides means to evaluate the best ways to reintroduce and release ferrets.
		The reintroduction of at least 20 ferrets is a minimum target release level established in previous fl-footed ferret reintroduction projects.
	www.epa.gov /docs/fedrgstr/EPA-SPECIES/1996/March/Day-20/pr-10114.html (12737 words)

	USGS PIERC EXPLORING METHODOLOGIES FOR THE REINTRODUCTION OF AN ENDANGERED HAWAIIAN FINCH
		During 1997 to 1998, we reintroduced palila to the north slope of Mauna Kea by moving birds from the primary population on the west slope.
		The percentage of weight lost was significantly less than the weight loss incurred during an earlier reintroduction, in which 35 palila were moved in groups to a site on the east slope of Mauna Kea after being held overnight in large flight aviaries (Fancy et al.
		move a greater number of individuals per reintroduction to determine whether emigration and a lack of breeding effort are influenced by infrequent social interactions between conspecifics at the relocation site.
	biology.usgs.gov /pierc/PLBankoTranslocation.htm (1490 words)

	Wolf Reintroduction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Reintroduction of the gray wolf in Yellowstone National Park in Wyoming and in central Idaho has been so successful that no new releases will be made in either area in 1997, Interior Secretary Bruce Babbitt announced today.
		Prior to the reintroduction of the gray wolf, the animals had been absent from Yellowstone and central Idaho since the late 1920s.
		The reintroduction goal calls for establishment of 10 breeding pairs in each of three recovery areas for three successive years, which would result in a recovered wolf population and removal of wolves in the northern Rocky Mountains from the endangered species list by 2002.
	darwin.eeb.uconn.edu /Documents/fws-960715.html (459 words)

	World of Lady Wolf - The Reintroduction of the Gray Wolf
		Despite the Secretary's pride in the program, the gray wolf reintroduction is the subject of intense controversy, with complaints coming from both ranchers and environmental groups.
		The farm bureau federations attempted at the last minute to stop reintroduction by requesting a preliminary injunction from the Wyoming district court, but their motion was denied on January 3, 1995.
		Inga Haagenson Causey, The Reintroduction of the Wolf in Yellowstone, 11 TUL.
	www.ladywolf.com /wolf1.html (2366 words)

	Captive Breeding and Reintroduction of Canids
		We briefly discuss the problems of reintroduction programmes; a rigorous discussion of the various difficulties encountered in reintroduction is badly needed, but cannot be accommodated in this report.
		The potential for reintroduction of Simien jackals to areas where they have historically occurred should be pursued so that a second and distinct wild population can be established.
		In Zimbabwe, where fewer than 500 wild dogs remain, the mere suggestion of further protection of the wild dog, or reintroduction and captive breeding, evokes a furious response from local ranchers-ironically, one of the most vociferous lobbies against reintroduction of the wild dog in Zimbabwe is game ranchers (Townsend 1988).
	www.canids.org /1990CAP/10captvb.htm (4464 words)

	Reintroduction of Native Species on the Colorado Plateau
		Captive-bred condors were first released to the wild in southern California in 1992, and since that time reintroduction efforts have been expanded.
		For more on the paleohistory of the California Condor and the reintroduction effort in Arizona, click here.
		Vargas, A., Lockhart, M., Marinari, P. and Gober, P. The reintroduction process: Black-footed ferrets as a case study.
	www.cpluhna.nau.edu /Change/reintroduction.htm (1083 words)

	Biodiversity: students speak out; Reintroducing the Gray Wolf in the U.S. by Ryan C. Johnson
		Based on past experiences in animal reintroduction and recolonization programs, a better understanding about gray wolf behavior is essential if the gray wolf and humans are to co-exist in reintroduced areas.
		In active reintroduction programs in Montana and Idaho, the federal government has granted special permits to ranchers that enable the ranchers to kill wolves that attack livestock, easing up restrictions placed on the wolf under the ESA.
		Wolf reintroduction seems to be feasible in Maine and elsewhere in the future but right now there are too many factors against it to become a reality any time soon.
	www.actionbioscience.org /biodiversity/johnson.html (1525 words)

	Poll Shows Support for Wolf Reintroduction in Olympic National Park (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Overall, 62 percent favor reintroduction of gray wolves in Olympic National Park, while 26 percent oppose reintroduction and 16 percent are undecided.
		A majority of all populations surveyed support reintroduction; however, support is less strong on the Olympic Peninsula, where 51 percent initially support reintroduction and 40 percent oppose.
		Support for reintroduction increases to a three-to-one margin after discussion of concerns and benefits (67 percent favor, 23 percent oppose).
	www.defenders.org /releases/pr1998/pr111398.html (431 words)

	Whooping Crane Proposed Reintroduction Project
		Information about the reintroduction project as well as daily updates on the fall migration and a map of the migration route are on the Whooping Crane Eastern Partnership website.
		The goal of this reintroduction project is to establish a migratory flock of whooping cranes that breed in Wisconsin and migrate to Florida to spend the winter.
		The reintroduction project is a result of work by many agencies, groups, and individuals who are part of the Whooping Crane Eastern Partnership (WCEP).
	www.fws.gov /midwest/whoopingcrane (513 words)

	Reintroduction - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		BBC News release on Beaver reintroduction in England
		Scottish Beavers Network - campaigning for Beaver reintroduction in Scotland
		This page was last modified 11:02, 19 February 2006.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Reintroduction (242 words)

	THE WOLF: MYTH, LEGEND & MISCONCEPTION Wolf Reintroduction throughout the United States is a highly controversial ...
		Those in favor of the wolf assert that the wolf is good as it would help maintain healthier herds by killing off the old and diseased animals in ungulate populations.
		Thus wolf reintroduction could mean serious loss of income for wildlifemanagement to states slated for wolf recovery.
		After the Wolf Reintroduction, this same farmer/rancher with the same number of livestock on the same range has an increase in death loss of livestock to 6%.
	www.aws.vcn.com /wolf_myth_legend_misconception.html (9802 words)

	Southern California Wetland Publications - The tidewater goby (Eucyclogobius newberryi): Reintroduction of a ...
		The tidewater goby (Eucyclogobius newberryi): Reintroduction of a geographically isolated fish species into Malibu Lagoon: a watershed perspective.
		The purpose of this study was to test the efficacy of reintroducing an endangered fish species into its former habitat.
		An evaluation of habitat suitability was performed prior to the reintroduction, and 52 individuals were reintroduced in 1991.
	gis.ca.gov /catalog/BrowseRecord.epl?id=3315 (193 words)

	WILDLIFE COMMISSION APPROVES LYNX REINTRODUCTION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The Colorado Wildlife Commission has approved the reintroduction of lynx and wolverine into Colorado, clearing the way for the Division of Wildlife to release the small cats into the state this winter.
		Wolverine won't be released before the winter of 1999-2000 so Division biologists can concentrate on lynx reintroduction while the cats are at the peak of the population cycle in Canada and Alaska where they will be trapped.
		If the reintroduction is successful, it could be the first step in the successful recovery of the lynx in Colorado.
	www.dnr.state.co.us /cdnr_news/wildlife/19981116135256.html (786 words)

	Reintroduction of the European Lynx (Lynx lynx) in Poland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Reintroduction of the European Lynx (Lynx lynx) in Poland
		The reintroduction procedure was based on information from recent scientific literature about the lynx, the considerable experience of Polish and German teams in reproduction, behavior, and reintroduction of threatened species, as well as forest and wildlife managers.
		For example, between 1962-1965, the elk population growth in Kampinos averaged 20% per year, and between 1961 and 1966 the Kampinos National Park recorded that 30% of births were twins.
	lynx.uio.no /jon/lynx/alertpo.htm (1929 words)

	Species reintroduction targeted (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		DENVER — Prompted by anger over this week's reintroduction of the lynx in Colorado, a bill to require legislative approval of reintroduction of wildlife, plants and fish is moving through the Legislature.
		Although the bill is aimed at reintroduction of endangered species, it also could require the Legislature to approve introduction of new game fish into Colorado waters or endangered plants, said Jim Lipscomb, a state wildlife manager for the Division of Wildlife.
		Although the bill wouldn't apply to further efforts to bring lynx to Colorado, it could affect the reintroduction of the fl-footed ferret or the bonytail chub, a fish that once populated the Colorado River, Lipscomb said.
	www.bouldernews.com /news/statewest/05aleg.html (433 words)

	Wolf Reintroduction
		The reintroduction of the wolf has been a major conflict during several years.
		The rule would allow management of wovles by government agencies and the public to minimize conflicts on public lands, effects on livestock, and impacts on ungulate (deer, elk, etc.) populations.
		Gray wolves, absent for nearly 60 years, are to once again inhabit the wilds of Yellowstone National Park and central Idaho as the Interior Department's U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service prepares to reintroduce wolves in the two areas.
	virtualeco.8m.com /vreintroduction.html (801 words)

	Online Encyclopedia and Dictionary - Culture
		Related processes on an individual level are assimilation and transculturation, adoption of a different culture by an individual.
		Cultural studies developed in the late 20th century in part through the reintroduction of Marxist thought into sociology, and in part through the articulation of sociology and other academic disciplines such as literary criticism.
		This was in order to focus on the analysis of subcultures in capitalist societies.
	www.fact-archive.com /encyclopedia/Culture (2297 words)

	Idaho wolf reintroduction, overview and history
		The reintroduction of the wolf to central Idaho was overshadowed in the mind of the public by the greater prominence of the Yellowstone wolf restoration project.
		Whether a "native" population of wolves existed prior to the reintroduction became critical with the federal judge's ruling on Dec.
		The wolf reintroduction came just as the new Governor, Phil Batt, was taking office and "wise use" anti-environmentalists had come to completely dominate the state legislature.
	www.forwolves.org /ralph/wpages/idaho-o.htm (8565 words)

	Grizzly reintroduction one step closer
		Due consideration has not been given to the fact that the recovery area being considered is notorious for its lack of minerals because the most of it is composed of the Idaho Batholith.
		The FEIS does not address the problems that exist in the reintroduction of grizzly bears, and cannot because the environment simply does not exist.
		A record of decision on grizzly reintroduction could reach the regional director's Denver desk as early as August.
	www.bitterroot.com /grizzly/reintroduction1.html (1774 words)

	NOVA Online \| Wild Wolves \| Ed Bangs
		We had predicted that we would have to reintroduce wolves for four years.
		But after two years, the wolves have adapted so well that we don't have to do any more reintroductions.
		This year in the park there were 13 litters born to nine breeding groups.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/nova/wolves/bangs.html (2516 words)

	[No title]
		From a recovery stand point the reintroduction has been quite successful.
		Increasing, uncompensated economic impacts to certain inhabitants of the reintroduction area probably will require federal action to protect that group.
		One such action is a fair and adequate compensation program administered by the Federal Government.
	www.cnr.uidaho.edu /range456/hot-topics/wolves-cattle.htm (1322 words)

	California Condor Reintroduction Program in Big Sur California (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		In 1987, the last wild condor was taken into captivity to join 26 others.
		Given the success of bald eagle reintroduction, Ventana Wildlife Society was requested by the US Fish and Wildlife Service to join the California Condor Recovery Program in a ten-year first phase effort to bring the condor back from the brink of extinction.
		The latest information about the released condors is summarized in the Condor Reintroduction Notes From the Field.
	www.bigsurcalifornia.org /condors.html (1509 words)

	St. Louis Post-Dispatch: PROGRAM FLIES REINTRODUCTION BRINGS BACK RUFFED GROUSE@ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Today, the birds are more widespread than they have been in 50 years.
		And although the current state of affairs hardly can be called a "boom," the Missouri Department of Conservation is wrapping up a grouse reintroduction program that met initial expectations.
		John Meyer, who ramrods MDC's wildlife reintroduction work, says Missouri's grouse population plummeted during the era of market hunting in the late...
	highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1P1:15747870&... (203 words)

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