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Topic: Religious minorities in Iran

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	Encyclopedia: Religious minorities in Iran (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Religious minorities, by law and practice, are barred from being elected to a representative body (except to the seats in the Majles reserved for minorities, as provided for in the Constitution) and from holding senior government or military positions.
		A native of Iran and professor of political science at the University of Southern California, she is herself a member of the largest Christian minority in Iran, the Armenians.
		Of the six religious minorities, three are Christian -- the Armenians, the Assyrians (Nestorians) and their uniate Catholic counterparts the Chaldeans (considered by the Iranian government as a single community), and the Protestant churches, some of which, like the Anglican Episcopal Church, are made up of native converts from Islam.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Religious-minorities-in-Iran (400 words)

	Iran - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The President of Iran is responsible for implementing the Constitution and acting as the head of the executive, except in matters directly concerned with (the office of) the Leadership.
		Iran is considered to be one of the fifteen states that comprise the so-called "Cradle of Humanity".
		Iran is also hoping to attract billions of dollars worth of foreign investment by creating a more favorable investment climate, such as reduced restrictions and duties on imports and the creation of free-trade zones like in Chabahar and the Island of Kish.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Iran (3254 words)

	Learn more about Iran in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Iran (ایران in Persian) is a country in the Middle East, in the southwest of Asia.
		In 1953, Iran's socialist prime minister Mohammed Mossadeq, who had been elected to parliament in 1923 and again in 1944, and who had been prime minister since 1951, was removed from power in a complex plot orchestrated by British and US intelligence agencies("Operation Ajax").
		Iran's economy is a mixture of central planning, state ownership of oil and other large enterprises, village agriculture, and small-scale private trading and service ventures.
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /i/ir/iran.html (1206 words)

	Religious minorities in Iran - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Hindu Temple in Bandar Abbas, Iran, built during the Qajar era for Indian soldiers serving in the British Army during the British occupation.
		Due to these restrictions on dissident religious faiths and practices, and due to the persecution of some minorities, the Iranian government has, like the government of the Shah, been severely criticized on multiple occasions by international human rights organizations, foreign governments and the United Nations.
		Members of the Bahá'í Faith, Iran's largest religious minority, are not recognized and do not have seats in the parliament, nor do the Sunni Muslims.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Religious_minorities_in_Iran (765 words)

	Arab Studies Quarterly (ASQ): Religious Minorities in Iran - Review
		Minority groups, in her hands, also turn out to be, far from passive victims, rather resourceful communities of varying interests and voices whose engagement with the state is part and parcel of a strategy not only to survive but also live with dignity under very difficult circumstances.
		Religious Minorities in Iran deals with the remaining 2 percent composed of Christians (Armenians, Assyrians, Chaldeans, Iranian Christian converts), Jews, Zoroastrians, and Bahais.
		As far as she is concerned, the Christian Assyrians and Chaldeans, which constitute a very small number of religious minorities and whose history has been intermingled with the missionaries, have not played a dynamic role in the modern Iranian nation-state.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m2501/is_3_23/ai_78804229 (1338 words)

	Iran
		Religious activity is monitored closely by the Ministry of Islamic Culture and Guidance and by the Ministry of Intelligence and Security (MOIS).
		Religious minorities suffer discrimination in the legal system, receiving lower awards than Muslims in injury and death lawsuits, and incurring heavier punishments.
		President Clinton made a number of statements regarding the treatment of religious minorities in Iran, including a June 1998 statement criticizing the execution of Ruhollah Rowhani, a member of the Baha'i Faith, and statements in June 1999 and July 2000 calling on the Government to exonerate the imprisoned members of Iran's Jewish community.
	www.state.gov /g/drl/rls/irf/2001/5691.htm (5336 words)

	Read about Religious minorities in Iran at WorldVillage Encyclopedia. Research Religious minorities in Iran and learn ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Iran, built during the Qajar era for Indian soldiers serving in the British Army during the British occupation.
		Naqshbandi can also - depending on the definition of the term - be seen as religious minority, though some will deny this, arguing that these are valid expressions of the Iranian state religion Islam.
		It is worth noting that during the previous regime in Iran only the above mentioned religions were considered officially accepted religions in Iran and adherence to any one of those religions was a requirement for any government or state position (at least in the application form).
	encyclopedia.worldvillage.com /s/b/Religious_minorities_in_Iran (573 words)

	[No title]
		Iran is surrounded by seven countries: Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan and Armenia to the north, Afghanistan and Pakistan to the east, the Arabian/Persian Gulf to the south with Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Qatar and the United Arab Emirates across the Gulf, and Iraq and Turkey to the west.
		Contrasting the situation of recognised religious minorities and ethnic minorities In contrasting the situation of Iran’s recognised religious minorities and ethnic minorities, it is interesting to note the greater structural concessions granted to the former.
		Minorities to be able to maintain their own Identity and Characteristics The aim of such arrangements would have to include, as a minimum requirement, enabling minorities to ‘maintain their own identity and characteristics’.
	www.ohchr.org /english/issues/minorities/docs/WP2.doc (8998 words)

	Religious minorities (from Iran) -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Much of Iran consists of a central desert plateau, which is ringed on all sides by lofty mountain ranges that afford access to the interior through high passes.
		Iran was deeply affected by the state of the union address by Pres.
		George W. Bush on Jan. 29, 2002, in which he denounced Iran's leading role in an “axis of evil.” Senior officials in the Bush administration alleged that the Iranian government was sympathetic to the Taliban regime in Afghanistan and supportive of the al-Qaeda movement.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-230047?tocId=230047 (821 words)

	Religious minorities in Iran Info - Bored Net - Boredom (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Sunni Muslims are accepted as fellow Muslims, while Christians, Jews, and Zoroastrians are recognised as People of the Book and have certain legal rights insofar as members of these religions are born and brought up within their religion.
		The constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran recognizes Islam, Chiristianity, Judaism, and Zoroastrianism as official religions.
		Examples are Sheykhi centred around Kerman and Naqshbandi mostly in the Azeri regions of Iran.
	www.borednet.com /e/n/encyclopedia/r/re/religious_minorities_in_iran.html (131 words)

	Iran's religious minorities waning despite own MPs
		The Oxford-educated cleric said Armenians had proved their loyalty to Iran at the beginning of the revolution and during the 1980-88 war with Iraq, when hundreds were "martyred" fighting for the country.
		Present in Iran since biblical times, the Jewish community has been shaken in the last year by the arrest of 13 of its members on allegations of spying for Israel.
		If a minority child becomes a Moslem, all the parents' property goes to that child at their death and none to the other children, he said.
	www.uga.edu /bahai/News/021600.html (787 words)

	Iran's minorities hail approval of law on equal blood-money
		Iran's announcement on Saturday that it had approved equal blood-money for Muslims and non-Muslim nationals was cheerfully acclaimed by the country's religious minorities, IRNA reported from Tehran.
		This is because we are one of the most ancient tribes in Iran and have always been present in different arenas of the country during the war, the reconstruction and the reforms," he said.
		The GC had argued that the bill contradicted the Sharia law (the law of Islam) because the amount of diyeh for recognized religious minorities in Iran is known in that law.
	www.payvand.com /news/03/dec/1211.html (924 words)

	EP Delegation Meets With Religious Minorities in Iran (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In the meeting, Robert Beglarian, the MP representing southern Iran's Armenians pointed to the two articles in Iran's Constitution (13 and84), saying that five religious minorities MPs are active in the Majlis.
		Religious minorities in Iran enjoy religious and social freedom and participate in social and economic activities, he added.
		Assyrian and Chaldenian MP Younaten Bet-Kolia referred to the several positive judicial developments regarding minorities, saying they are representing the society as a whole and minorities enjoy freedom, security and welfare.
	www.aina.org /news/20050418102731.htm (203 words)

	IRAN
		In the field of justice, especially at the lower levels of public courts, minority plaintiffs are usually discriminated against by judges, who treat them as members of a minority and not as Iranian citizens, applying their brand of Islam and taking decisions that are very often in favor of Muslims.
		Although religious minorities are free to vote in presidential elections, they are not permitted to run for the presidency.
		As many as sixty Sunni religious leaders, mainly from the Baluchi community, are reported to be in prison for their support of demands for parity for Sunni Islam in Iran and for an end to repression in Baluchestan.
	www.hrw.org /reports/1997/iran/Iran-05.htm (6737 words)

	RIC Query - Iran (15 July 2002) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Iran's internal debate over reforms to the clergy-dominated state created by the 1979 Islamic revolution has brought few positive changes for some of that society's most vulnerable members, including women and religious minorities.
		Much of the mistreatment and discrimination faced by Iran's religious minorities is either codified in law or sanctioned by the state.
		The worst abuses are faced by Iran's 300,000 to 350,000 Baha'is, the republic's largest religious minority, who are barred from practicing their faith because the government considers them to be heretics (U.S. DOS 2 Mar 2002).
	uscis.gov /graphics/services/asylum/ric/documentation/IRN02001.htm (2738 words)

	THE IRANIAN: Opinion, Iran's presidential elections, Guive Mirfendereski
		This is worth noting as Iran's religious minorities too go to the poll on June 8 in order to elect their own representatives under Article 64 of the constitution.
		Governmental mistreatment of the members of religious minorities is presumptively persecutorial in nature, especially in Iran.
		Until that time, the members of Iran's religious minorities must be allowed to emigrate: Iran must allow them to travel freely, and the Western world in particular should extended a more hospitable hand to these human relics of Iran's experimentation with pluralism.
	www.iranian.com /GuiveMirfendereski/2001/May/Elections (1001 words)

	Religious Minorities in Iran (Cambridge Middle East Studies) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Eliz Sanasarian's book explores the political and ideological relationship between non-Muslim religious minorities in Iran and the state during the formative years of the Islamic Republic to the present day.
		Her analysis is based on a detailed examination of the history and experiences of the Armenians, Assyrians, Chaldeans, Jews, Zoroastrians, Bahais and Iranian Christians, and describes how these communities have responded to state policies regarding minorities.
		This is an important and original book which will make a significant contribution to the literature on minorities and to the workings of the Islamic Republic.
	www.textkit.com /0_0521770734.html (267 words)

	HIAS > News & Policy > News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Religious minorities in Iran comprise less than 2% of the population and are openly detested.
		Members of religious minorities are denied access to government jobs, refused protection by the police and courts, constantly watched by ubiquitous Islamic informers, and are the targets of official government hate campaigns.
		This resulted in a population of approximately 500 Iranian religious minorities in Austria whose refugee applications had been refused.
	www.hias.org /News/Docs/IranReligMinorities_04.html (593 words)

	RIC Query - Iran (14 November 2002) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		There is no official law against apostasy in Iran, but with the integration of the Revolutionary Courts with the national court system, the religious courts, using the religious writings of Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, have applied the death sentence to cases of apostasy (HRW Sep 1997, p.
		The representative is Iranian-American and has travelled to Iran on several occasions in her capacity as a human rights monitor for Human Rights Watch.
		The representative emphasized that there is a great deal of state-sponsored persecution in Iran on various grounds, but not, as a rule, against recognized religious minorities based on their membership in a religious minority.
	uscis.gov /graphics/services/asylum/ric/documentation/IRN03002.htm (1241 words)

	HIAS > Offices > Vienna (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Religious minorities in Iran (including Jews, Christians, B'hai and Zoroastrians) report being victims of imprisonment, harassment and intimidation based on their religious beliefs.
		Since 1983 the HIAS office in Vienna has been the first stop for Iranian minorities seeking to escape this oppressive way of life for freedom and security in the United States.
		HIAS holds a contract with the U.S. Department of State to be the sole Overseas Processing Entity (OPE) in Vienna for applicants to the U.S. Refugee Program.
	www.hias.org /Offices/vienna.html (368 words)

	IRAN
		Unlike Iran's persecuted religious minorities, the situations of its ethnic minorities are not closely monitored by international support groups.
		Baluchis are a Sunni Muslim minority residing primarily in the southeast of Iran on the borders of Pakistan and Afghanistan.
		We have also been informed that as many as sixty Sunni religious leaders, mainly Baluchis, are reported to be in prison for their support of demands for parity for Sunni Islam in Iran.
	www.hrw.org /reports/1997/iran/Iran-06.htm (6473 words)

	[ Discrimination against religious minorities in IRAN - WWW.FIDH.ORG ]
		In order to fully understand the roots of the severe discriminations faced by religious minorities in Iran, it is important to be acquainted with the basic founding principles of the Islamic Republic of Iran.
		The peculiarity of the Islamic Republic of Iran is not the mere fact that Islam is the religion of the State (other States share the same feature) but rather the fact that the State itself is conceived as an institution and instrument of the divine will.
		Moreover, all three minorities complain of discrimination in the field of employment, report clear limitations imposed upon their upward mobility and complain of being treated like “second-class citizens”.
	www.fidh.org /article.php3?id_article=1826 (1076 words)

	Religious minorities (from Iran) -- Britannica Student Encyclopedia
		More results on "Religious minorities (from Iran)" when you join.
		Realistically, however, minority cannot always be defined by numbers.
		Guide to advocacy programs and health assistance for members of minority groups affected by HIV and AIDS.
	www.britannica.com /ebi/article-230047 (812 words)

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	USCIRF Says No Improvement for Religious Minorities in Iran Under Khatami
		PRESS RELEASE - Washington, D.C., September 14, 2005 - Dr. Dwight Bashir of the U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom (USCIRF) told Voice of America (VOA) today that improvements for religious minorities in Iran were inconsistent under former President Mohammad Khatami.
		News and Views is a daily one-hour television news show broadcast via satellite to audiences in Iran; Roundtable With You is a weekly 90-minute discussion show; and Next Chapter is a weekly 30-minute youth newsmagazine show.
		Mohammad Mosaddeq and the 1953 Coup in Iran
	www.payvand.com /news/05/sep/1134.html (219 words)

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