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Topic: Renaissance Classicism

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	Classicism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Classicism, in the arts, refers generally to a high regard for classical antiquity as setting standards for taste which the classicist seeks to emulate.
		Classicism is usually contrasted with romanticism ; the art of classicism typically seeks to be formal, restrained, and Apollo nian rather than Dionysiac, in Friedrich Nietzsche 's well known opposition.
		Classicism in the theatre was developed by 17th century French playwright s from what they judged to be the rules of Greek classical theatre, including the Three Unities of time, place and action.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Classicism.html (399 words)

	Encyclopedia: Classicism
		Classicism is usually contrasted with romanticism; the art of classicism typically seeks to be formal, restrained, and Apollonian (nothing in excess) rather than Dionysiac (excess), in Friedrich Nietzsche's opposition.
		Classical antiquity is a broad and perhaps misleading term for a long period of European, Middle East and North African history, that begins roughly with the earliest recorded Greek poetry of Homer (7th century BC), and continues through the rise of Christianity and the fall of the Western Roman Empire...
		Classicism in the theatre was developed by 17th century French playwrights from what they judged to be the rules of Greek classical theatre, including the Classical unities of time, place and action.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Classicism (749 words)

	Renaissance Classicism - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Renaissance Classicism was a form of art that removed extraneous detail and showed the world as it was.
		From Classicism sprang two movements: a countermovement that was extremely anti-classicist, Mannerism, and a later movement that became a sort of exaggerated Classicism on a grand scale portraying power and authority - Baroque.
		The Classicists entered on the heels of an artistic revolution, which was popularly known as the Renaissance and ushered in during the Reformation (da Vinci and Raphael died during the years Martin Luther was ordered to recant).
	www.open-encyclopedia.com /Renaissance_Classicism (501 words)

	classicism. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Because the principles of classicism were derived from the rules and practices of the ancients, the term came to mean the adherence to specific academic canons.
		The writers and artists of the baroque and rococo periods (c.1600–1750) that followed the Renaissance elaborated on many of the same classical themes, although their work is often characterized by a new exuberance of form and complexity of subject matter.
		In German literature the classical stream was deflected in the last quarter of the 18th cent.
	www.bartleby.com /65/cl/classici.html (636 words)

	Catholic Apologetics International
		The humanism of the Renaissance was still very much alive, while the spirit of the Reformation and the authority of the Bible were slowly dying.
		Coupling itself with the empirical and the scientific which it borrowed from the Renaissance, Classicism struggled to retain the rationalism that the Counter-Reformation had tried to eliminate with its emphasis on the mystical and emotional (P).
		All in all, Classicism was an attempt to combine the imaginative force of the Baroque with the scientific discipline of the Renaissance and the artistic exactness of Realism.
	www.catholicintl.com /epologetics/articles/pastoral/art-ages2.htm (2327 words)

	renaissance (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Classicism was being studied and reinterpreted to fit into the renaissance of ideas that were emerging in all areas of learning.
		The artists of the Renaissance, along with the philosophers and scientists, tended to share the sense of the universe as an orderly place that was governed by natural law and capable of being expressed in mathematical geometric terms.
		In the center under the classical barrel arch, stand the two leaders of the opposing philosophies, Plato the champion of metaphysical rational thinking, pointing toward the heavens, and Aristotle, on the left of his mentor, is gesturing toward the ground in reference to his philosophy of empirical science.
	www.olsenross.com /renaissance.html (6837 words)

	Renaissance Classicism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Renaissance Classicism was a form of art that removed the extraneous detailand showed the world as it was.
		From Classicism sprang two movements : a countermovement that was extremely anti-classicist, Mannerism, and a later movement that became a sort of exaggerated Classicism on a grandscale portraying power and authority - Baroque.
		Classicism idealized the worldas it was and as the artist felt it.
	www.therfcc.org /renaissance-classicism-11013.html (495 words)

	Classicism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Classicism, in the arts, refers generally to a high regard for classical antiquity as setting standards for taste which theclassicist seeks to emulate.
		Classicism is usually contrasted with romanticism ; the art of classicism typically seeks to be formal, restrained, and Apollonian rather than Dionysiac, in Friedrich Nietzsche 's well known opposition.
		Classicism in the theatre was developed by 17th century French playwrights from what they judged to be the rules of Greek classical theatre, including the ThreeUnities of time, place and action.
	www.therfcc.org /classicism-11960.html (205 words)

	Renaissance Classicism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Renaissance Classicism was a form of art that removed the extraneous detail and the world as it was.
		From Classicism sprang two movements : a countermovement that was extremely anti-classicist Mannerism and a later movement that became sort of exaggerated Classicism on a grand portraying power and authority - Baroque.
		The Classicists entered on the heels of artistic revolution which was popularly known as the Renaissance and ushered in during the Reformation Vinci and Raphael died during the years Martin Luther was ordered to recant).
	www.freeglossary.com /Renaissance_Classicism (671 words)

	WebMuseum: Classicism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Term that, with the related words `classic' and `Classical', is used in various (and often confusing) ways in the history and criticism of the arts.
		In its broadest sense, Classicism is used as the opposite of Romanticism, characterizing art in which adherence to recognized aesthetic ideals is accorded greater importance that individuality of expression.
		The three terms `classic', `Classical' and `Classicism' are, then, often not used with discrimination or exactness, the conflation of historical term and value judgement reflecting the idea (dominant for centuries) that the art of the Greeks and Romans set a standard for all future achievement.
	www.ibiblio.org /wm/paint/glo/classicism (579 words)

	glue-it.com The home of model making (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		This school of architecture is based on the dictates of 16th-century Italian Renaissance architects who codified what they believed were the "correct" designs and proportions for classical columns and other design elements.
		Renaissance Classicism is formal and symmetrical, and appealed primarily to the intellect and reason of the 18th-century architects (and homeowners) who embraced it.
		The early 19th century Neoclassical (which see) architectural styles are referred to as "Romantic" because, unlike the preceding Renaissance Classical (which see) styles which appealed to the intellect, they appealed primarily to the emotions.
	www.glue-it.com /houses/general-information/glossary/r_summ.htm (286 words)

	Renaissance Classicism -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Renaissance Classicism was a form of (The creation of beautiful or significant things) art that removed extraneous detail and showed the world as it was.
		The use of light, shadow, foreshortening, and (The appearance of things relative to one another as determined by their distance from the viewer) perspective had been perfected and was at the fingertips of these great artists.
		(Florentine sculptor and painter and architect; one of the outstanding figures of the Renaissance (1475-1564)) Michelangelo would be arguably the most powerful of the classists, unintentionally influencing the Mannerist movement with his anxious painting.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/r/re/renaissance_classicism.htm (442 words)

	The world's top Renaissance Faires websites (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Renaissance was a cultural movement and time period in the History of Europe, considered marking the end of the Middle Ages.
		Renaissance is a French word coined by French historian Jules Michelet and expanded upon by Swiss historian Jacob Burckhardt in the 19th century that literally means rebirth.
		In science, theology, literature and art, the Renaissance began with a rediscovery of and focus on older Greek and Latin texts which had disappeared from the West in the latter years of the Roman Empire.
	dirs.org /dir-wiki.cfm/Top/Recreation/Living_History/By_Historical_Region/Europe/Renaissance/Renaissance_Faires (972 words)

	CHARLES GARNIER'S PARIS OPERA AND THE RENAISSANCE OF CLASSICISM IN NINETEENTH-CENTURY FRENCH ARCHITECTURE (BEAUX-ARTS).
		Garnier's position as the leading representative of French classicism during the second half of the century was due to his successful restoration of coherence to a tradition which had been fragmented by the preceding fights between Neoclassicism and Romanticism.
		Second, the evolution of Garnier's classicism is integrated with a study of the social, economic, political, industrial and institutional conditions which affected his education, career and work.
		Garnier's renaissance of classicism sought its historical analogy in the Renaissance because his principle was the culmination of an humanistic tradition which the Renaissance had revived.
	repository.upenn.edu /dissertations/AAI8614837 (375 words)

	Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust!
		By extension, “classic” is also sometimes used to refer to a stage of development that some historians and aestheticians have identified as a regular feature of what they have seen as the cyclical development of all styles.
		The Classical tradition was not extinguished during the Middle Ages, but because of the resolute efforts of 15th- and 16th-century Italians to absorb the Classicism of antiquity, the Italian Renaissance was the first period of thoroughgoing Classicism after antiquity.
		In the visual arts the Classicism of the Renaissance is epitomized in Michelangelo's “David” (1501–04; Accademia, Florence), in Raphael's portrait of Baldassare Castiglione (1516; Louvre, Paris), and in Donato Bramante's Palazzo Caprini (c.
	www.britannica.com /ebc/print_toc?tocId=9024235 (1120 words)

	WebMuseum: La Renaissance: Italy
		Central to the development of Renaissance art was the emergence of the artist as a creator, sought after and respected for his erudition and imagination.
		Because the essential characteristic of High Renaissance art was its unity--a balance achieved as a matter of intuition, beyond the reach of rational knowledge or technical skill--the High Renaissance style was destined to break up as soon as emphasis was shifted to favor any one element in the composition.
		Leonardo is considered the paragon of Renaissance thinkers, engaged as he was in experiments of all kinds and having brought to his art a spirit of restless inquiry that sought to discover the laws governing diverse natural phenomena.
	www.ibiblio.org /wm/paint/glo/renaissance/it.html (1276 words)

	High Renaissance - High Renaissance Art
		The term Renaissance, adopted from the French equivalent of the Italian word rinascita, meaning literally "rebirth," describes the radical and comprehensive changes that took place in European culture during the 15th and 16th centuries, bringing about the demise of the Middle Ages and embodying for the first time the values of the modern world...
		Classical antiquity was a major influence on all branches of the art of the Italian Renaissance, as there was a revival of interest in the Ancient Greek and Roman civilizations...
		The High Renaissance was the culmination of the artistic revolution of the Early Renaissance, and one of the great explosions of creative genius in history...
	www.huntfor.com /arthistory/renaissance/highren.htm (718 words)

	Art Bulletin, The: Court, Cloister and City: The Art and Culture of Central Europe, 1450-1800 - Review
		An early example of central European engagement with the Italian Renaissance is found in the patronage of King Matthias Corvinus of Hungary (1458-1490), who fostered a love of humanist learning and classical art at his court at Budapest that was comparable to the patronage of the princes of the Italian city-states.
		Kaufmann's sensitivity to variations in the reception of the Italian Renaissance in different areas and by different patrons is demonstrated in his analysis of classicism outside the patronage of the royal circle.
		Technical processes taken advantage of by early Renaissance printmakers, combined with an increasing demand for visual images and the rising status of the artist, created the conditions sufficient for the elevation of printed works from the purely functional realm of illustration to the sphere of art, where they were valued in their own right.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0422/is_4_80/ai_54073949 (1330 words)

	Renaissance Art : Renaissance Paintings Galleries (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Renaissance was a cultural movement and time period in the history of Europe, comprising the transitional period between the end of the Middle Ages and the start of the Modern Age.
		Renaissance painting is known for its use of perspective, realism, and movement away from religious themes, which were omnipresent in medieval art.
		The greater use and respectability of the vernacular languages played an important role in the formation of the new nation states that were largely defined by language.
	www.myreproductions.com /renaissance_art.php (446 words)

	classicism -> The Renaissance and Thereafter on Encyclopedia.com 2002 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		classicism -> The Renaissance and Thereafter on Encyclopedia.com 2002
		The first major revival of classicism occurred during the Renaissance (c.1400-1600).
		The writers and artists of the baroque and rococo periods (c.1600-1750) that followed the Renaissance elaborated on many of the same classical themes, although their work is often characterized by a new exuberance of form and complexity of subject matter.
	encyclopedia.com /html/section/classici_therenaissanceandthereafter.asp (496 words)

	History Scotland Magazine: Review - The Scottish Chateau, Charles McKean
		Yet the Renaissance, with its revival of the authority of classical antiquity, was most commonly thought to have been a movement of cultural centralisation, cosmopolitanism, and reduction of local diversity: hardly, at first glance, ideal territory for the rhetoric of national pride.
		The first response, by writers such as Aonghus MacKechnie and Deborah Howard, was to argue for a full and early participation by Scotland in mainstream Renaissance classicism, noting the latters considerable regional diversity, and claiming that the court style of early seventeenth century royal works closely paralleled the early classicism of other northern European countries.
		He argues that the design of Renaissance castles was determined by a conscious, collective ideology, which was adopted by the entire elite stratum of national society, and which resulted in a coherent architectural style.
	www.historyscotland.com /bookreviews/scottishchateau.html (1690 words)

	NONE
		The first classical work of the Renaissance period is Nicola Pisano's pulpit for the Baptistery of Pisa Cathedral, which he signed and dated in 1260.
		It is as well to remember that, although the classical style might well triumph in the short period of the High Renaissance, it usually exists alongside other styles which are often as popular.
		Yet if we are to equate the Renaissance with a truly classical style, rather than with merely a flood of antique references within a Gothic style, we must return to the very beginning of the fourteenth century, to the frescoes of a man who can justly be called the father of modern painting.
	rubens.anu.edu.au /new/books_and_papers/classical_tradition_book/chap4.html (2269 words)

	Travelocity.com: Destination Guides: Paris
		Classicism was favored for the very fact that it brought back such elements as classical orders (Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian) and projecting central sections topped by triangular pediments.
		Unlike the larger Renaissance ones flanked by showy stone scrolls, later dormers tended to be lower, less extravagant, and wooden.
		A collaborative classical masterpiece, the Louvre was designed as a palace.
	leisure.southwest.travelpn.com /DestGuides/0,1840,TRAVELOCITY\|1944\|\|\|0062036333\|F\|Y,00.html (551 words)

	Tate \| Glossary \| Classicism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The terms classic or classical came into use in the seventeenth century to describe the arts and culture of the ancient civilisations of Greece and Rome.
		Classicism in art is to make reference in later work to the ancient classic styles.
		Classical mythology consists of the various myths and legends of the ancient Greek and Roman gods and heroes.
	www.tate.org.uk /collections/glossary/definition.jsp?entryId=68 (116 words)

	Untitled Document
		The Renaissance was a time of a great flowering for art, even as the name suggests.
		This led to a decrease in the mystical and supernatural elements, and was replaced by man’s expression of himself in concrete terms.
		But with the Renaissance and Reformation, the division between church and state was becoming quite noticable.
	www.catholicintl.com /epologetics/articles/pastoral/art-ages-print.htm (7951 words)

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