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Topic: Renal medulla

Related Topics

Renal cortex

Renal pelvis

Kidney

Calyx (kidney)

Renal capsule

Loop of Henle

Blood

Urinary system

Artery

Endothelium

Umbilical vein

Organ (anatomy)

Urethra

Duodenum

Urinary bladder

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	nih kidney
		The earliest and most common renal defect in sickle cell disease is hyposthenuria, which is expressed as an inability of the kidney to maximally concentrate the urine.
		The abnormality of the renal medulla may render the patient hyporesponsive to "loop" or osmotic diuretic agents such as furosemide or mannitol, respectively.
		Chronic renal failure occurs in a small percentage of patients with sickling disorders, and its prevalence in sickle cell disease appears to be greater than among the general African-American population.
	www.scinfo.org /nihchp18.htm (2096 words)

	Renal medulla - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The renal medulla is the innermost part of the kidney.
		The renal medulla is split up into a number of sections, known as the renal pyramids.
		Flow continues through the renal tubules, including the proximal tubule, the Loop of Henle, and finally leaves the kidney by means of the collecting duct, leading to the renal urethra.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Renal_medulla (166 words)

	Urinary System Checklist (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		RENAL HILUS- indentation on the central medial surface of kidney.
		RENAL MEDULLA- inner region, deep to the cortex.
		RENAL CALYCES (CALYX sing.)- branches of the pelvis.
	www.ivcc.edu /caley/108/lab_checklists/Urinary.html (349 words)

	The Renal Pelvis: Machinery That Concentrates Urine in the Papilla -- Dwyer and Schmidt-Nielsen 18 (1): 1 -- Physiology
		As a consequence, the renal pelvis (in unipapillate mammals)
		The mammalian renal medullary countercurrent system exists in a papilla that is surrounded by a urinary space bounded by a muscular pelvic wall (17).
		urine in the pelvis and the capillaries in the outer medulla.
	physiologyonline.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/18/1/1 (3671 words)

	Differential effect of angiotensin II on blood circulation in the renal medulla and cortex of anaesthetised rats -- ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		The renal medulla is sensitive to hypoxia, and a depression of medullary circulation, e.g.
		An appropriate perfusion of the renal medulla with blood is necessary for the functional integrity of this zone and for the normal excretory and regulatory function of the whole kidney.
		The position of the LD probe in the inner medulla (close to the border with the outer medulla) and of the parallel cannula for intramedullary infusion were verified after the experiments in kidney cross-sections.
	jp.physoc.org /cgi/content/full/538/1/159 (5724 words)

	Renal Embryology and Anatomy
		The renal pyramids are longitudinally striated, due to the parallel array of tubules, ducts and vasa recta.
		A renal lobe is defined as a pyramid with its corresponding cap of renal cortex.
		The renal calyxes are cup-shaped extensions of the renal pelvis.
	umed.med.utah.edu /MS2/renal/embryanat.html (2031 words)

	Renal Medulla (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		The substance of the kidney is divided into two distinct regions: an inner medulla and an outer cortex.
		The "renal medulla" is composed of conical masses of tissue called "renal pyramids," whose bases are directed toward the convex surface of the kidney, and which apex to form the renal papillae.
		Its tissues dip into the medulla between adjacent renal pyramids to form "renal columns." The granular appearance of the cortex is due to the random arrangement of tiny tubules associated with "nephrons," the functional units of the kidney.
	www.innerbody.com /text/card64.html (97 words)

	Osmotic hypertonicity of the renal medulla during changes in renal perfusion pressure in the rat -- Dobrowolski et al. ...
		The relationship between renal perfusion pressure (RPP) and ion concentration in renal medulla was studied in anaesthetized rats.
		The hypertonicity of the renal medulla is of fundamental importance for normal renal function, especially for processes involved in urine concentration.
		The position of the Y electrode tip (deep in the inner medulla) and of the LD probe (close to the border with the outer medulla) was verified at the kidney's cross-section.
	jp.physoc.org /cgi/content/full/508/3/929 (3596 words)

	SIU SOM Histology CRR
		The epithelium of the initial descending segment of the loop of Henle is similar to that of the proximal convoluted tubule, and is sometimes called the pars recta of the proximal tubule (in contrast to the convoluted pars convoluta).
		Collecting ducts are readily recognized in the renal medulla, as relatively large tubules lined by cuboidal epithelium, in which the epithelial cells are relatively clear (i.e., not as eosinophilic as proximal and distal tubules) and have distinct cell borders.
		Interlobar arteries and veins arise from the renal artery and vein and ascend between lobes (as the adjective interlobar suggests) from the pelvis across the medulla toward the cortex.
	www.siumed.edu /~dking2/crr/rnguide.htm (4384 words)

	Renal papillary necrosis - MayoClinic.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Renal papillary necrosis is a disorder that affects some or all of the renal papillae — the areas of the kidney through which urine passes after it exits the collecting ducts and before it enters the renal pelvis.
		The renal papillae connect the tubules to the renal pelvis.
		In renal papillary necrosis, damage to the renal papillae allows urine to leave the renal tubules prematurely — before it's concentrated, diluted and acidified.
	www.mayoclinic.com /health/renal-papillary-necrosis/AN00444 (298 words)

	TheParts
		The calyces (plural for calyx) are the recesses in the internal medulla of the kidney which enclose the pyramids.
		The renal columns are lines of the kidney matrix which support the cortex of the kidney.
		The renal sinus is the cavity within the kidney which houses the renal pyramid.
	coe.fgcu.edu /faculty/greenep/kidney/TheParts.htm (415 words)

	Role of adrenergic receptors in the reflex diuresis in rabbits during pulmonary lymphatic obstruction -- McCormick et ...
		the renal medulla is involved in mediating this reflex.
		Renal medullary interstitial infusion of diltiazem alters sodium and water excretion in rats.
		Nitric oxide and renal nerve-mediated proximal tubular reabsorption in normotensive and hypertensive rats.
	ep.physoc.org /cgi/content/full/90/3/341 (3178 words)

	Evidence for the presence of smooth muscle alpha -actin within pericytes of the renal medulla -- Park et al. 273 (5): ...
		renal medulla has been shown to be altered independently of the blood flow to the renal cortex (2, 3).
		descending vasa recta in the inner stripe of the outer medulla.
		Renal afferent and efferent arterioles of the rabbit.
	ajpregu.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/273/5/R1742 (3687 words)

	Laboratory Twenty: Urinary System
		Study the renal corpuscle and identify: the parietal layer of Bowman's capsule, the urinary space, and the glomerulus containing podocytes (visceral layer of Bowman's capsule), endothelial cells and mesangial cells.
		In the monkey the medulla consists of a single renal pyramid, with its base next to the cortex and its apex forming a papilla that projects toward the calyx.
		Examine, the renal corpuscle and identify: the parietal layer of Bowman's capsule, urinary space, the glomerulus containing podocytes (visceral layer of Bowman's capsule), endothelial cells and mesangial cells, the urinary pole of the renal corpuscle, and the vascular pole.
	medinfo.ufl.edu /year1/histo/review/lab20.html (1531 words)

	A multiunit model of solute and water removal by inner medullary vasa recta -- Edwards and Pallone 274 (4): 1202 -- AJP ...
		in the medulla is thus expected to be the highest in that case.
		absent in the inner medulla and sparse in the outer medulla, and
		gradients that are insignificant in the outer medulla, the presence
	ajpheart.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/274/4/H1202 (5653 words)

	Oxygen-dependent expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1{alpha} in renal medullary cells of rats -- ZOU et al. 6 (3): ...
		mRNA in the renal cortex and OM was normalized to that in the renal IM and presented as percent of inner medullary intensity on the same gel.
		influence the renal medullary oxygenation (8, 9, 10, 26, 27).
		Role of kinin and ANG II in the renal hemodynamic response to captopril.
	physiolgenomics.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/6/3/159 (4798 words)

	Renal System Anatomy Including Kidneys - NephrologyChannel
		They are protected by three layers of connective tissue: the renal fascia (fibrous membrane) surrounds the kidney and binds the organ to the abdominal wall; the adipose capsule (layer of fat) cushions the kidney; and the renal capsule (fibrous sac) surrounds the kidney and protects it from trauma and infection.
		The renal artery enters the kidney and the renal vein emerges from the kidney at an indentation in the middle of the organ called the hilum.
		Chronic renal failure is a condition distinguished by a gradual increase in BUN and Cr over a long period of time.
	www.nephrologychannel.com /anatomy.shtml (916 words)

	Kidneys
		Grossly, the structure of the kidney consists of the cortex, medulla (inner and outer zones of outer medulla and papilla or inner medulla), pyramids, renal calyxes and pelvis, and ureters.
		The renal corpuscle and both convoluted tubules lie in the renal cortex of the kidney, whereas the loop of Henle extends into the renal medulla, makes a hairpin turn, and then returns to the renal cortex.
		At the bases of the renal pyramids, the interlobar arteries arch between the renal medulla and cortex; here they are known as the arcuate arteries.
	www.pitt.edu /~anat/Abdomen/Kidneys/Kidneys.htm (2955 words)

	Ureteric obstruction and intravascular administration of contrast media: is there a risk? -- Morcos 76 (908): 564 -- ...
		to determine the cause of the renal colic.
		crucial for perfusion of the renal medulla [3–7].
		Renal microcirculation and tissue damage during acute ureteral obstruction in the rat: effect of saline infusion, indomethacin and radiocontrast.
	bjr.birjournals.org /cgi/content/full/76/908/564 (1244 words)

	Ischemic Acute Renal Failure Induces Differential Expression of Small Heat Shock Proteins -- SMOYER et al. 11 (2): 211 ...
		in the outer medulla or the juxtaglomerular mesangium, and
		B-crystallin in Henle's loops in the medulla correlated
		we sought to analyze the response to renal ischemia of the
	jasn.asnjournals.org /cgi/content/full/11/2/211 (6502 words)

	Kidneys and Suprarenal Glands
		renal fascia of the right and left sides is joined across the midline in close relationship to the renal aa.
		renal pelvis is the dilated origin of the ureter; it is located at the renal hilum and is surrounded by the renal sinus
		ureter is continuous proximally with the renal pelvis; it passes over the pelvic brim medial to the testicular/ovarian vessels; it passes obliquely through the posterior wall of the urinary bladder and drains at the posterolateral angle of the vesical trigone
	anatomy.uams.edu /AnatomyHTML/kidney.html (1965 words)

	Posttranslational regulation of NO synthase activity in the renal medulla of diabetic rats -- Lee et al. 288 (1): F82 ...
		Renal medullary nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity in kidneys from rats receiving vehicle treatments (Sham), streptozotocin-treated rats receiving partial insulin replacement (Hyp), streptozotocin-treated rats receiving insulin replacement to restore euglycemia (Eug), and normal rats receiving chronic phlorizin treatment (Phz).
		Nitric oxide synthase activity in renal cortex and medulla of normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats.
		Role of nitric oxide in regulation of the renal medulla in normal and hypertensive kidneys.
	ajprenal.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/288/1/F82 (5403 words)

	Modeling exchange of plasma proteins between microcirculation and interstitium of the renal medulla -- Wang and Michel ...
		On the basis of data from the renal medulla of the rat and hamster (4, 5, 12), L is between 5 and 10 mm, radii of
		of plasma proteins in the renal medulla is largely by convection.
		In this study, we have investigated the hypothesis that, in the absence of lymphatics in the renal medulla, plasma proteins
	ajprenal.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/279/2/F334 (5443 words)

	eMedicine - Renal Corticomedullary Abscess : Article Excerpt by: T Brian Willard, MD
		Renal corticomedullary abscess differs from renal cortical abscess (ie, renal carbuncle) because it develops from ascending rather than hematogenous spread of bacteria.
		Bacterial pathogens causing cystitis ascend to the upper tract to infect the renal medulla.
		Subsequent liquefaction of the renal parenchyma and eventual involvement of the renal cortex is the postulated pathogenesis for the development of corticomedullary abscess.
	www.emedicine.com /med/byname/renal-corticomedullary-abscess.htm (503 words)

	Renal Anesthesia
		Renal blood flow and GFR remain constant at mean arterial pressures ranging from 80 to 180 mmHg.
		Prostaglandins from the renal medulla in response to sympathetic NS stimulation.
		Volatile anesthetics produce a dose-dependent decrease in renal blood flow, GFR, and urine output due to effects on blood pressure and cardiac output.
	cvm.msu.edu /courses/SCS648/Renal.htm (580 words)

	ANS 331: Renal System
		Distribution of Blood at the Glomerulus A. Renal Blood Flow (RBF) --Rate at which blood flows to the kidney B. Renal Plasma Flow (RPF) --Part of RBF that is Plasma C. Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) --Rate at which glomerular filtrate will be formed from plasma D. Filtration Factor (FF) a.
		The deeper the collecting ducts go into the medulla the stronger the osmotic pull and the more concentrated the collecting duct fluid gets until it reaches the 1200 mOsm/l concentration equal to the osmolality of the medullary interstitium near the papilla.
		Transfer of Urine to the Urinary Bladder A. From Glomerulus to Renal Pelvis --Hydrostatic pressure B. From Renal Pelvis to Bladder --Peristalsis of the ureter 2.
	www.siuc.edu /~tw3a/331renal.htm (1682 words)

	Urogenital Textpage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		edges are fluted to collect urine from the top of the renal pyramids on the lateral sides of the renal crest
		interlobar arteries terminate at the junction of the cortex and medulla as arcuate arteries
		this partial fusion of the medulla is called the renal crest, and the parts that did not fuse project from the renal crest as renal pyramids
	www.vet.purdue.edu /vtdl/bms_116/textfile/urotext.htm (1340 words)

	Influence of dietary NaCl on L-arginine transport in the renal medulla -- Zewde et al. 286 (1): 89 -- AJP - Regulatory, ...
		Influence of dietary NaCl on L-arginine transport in the renal medulla -- Zewde et al.
		Importance of cationic amino acid transport in the renal medulla in the chronic regulation of blood pressure.
		Influence of dietary sodium intake on renal medullary nitric oxide synthase.
	ajpregu.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/286/1/R89 (3379 words)

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