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	Ren Descartes (1596-1650). (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Descartes was a product of the church and his philosophy reflected the times in which he lived.
		Descartes was a dualist, viz., a man was of two natures, a spiritual nature and a temporal nature.
		Descartes, it would seem, in his philosophical work, continued along the same lines of the church philosophers: the deductive approach, viz., accepting notions which have no basis in reality, and then to proceed to build on those.
	www.blupete.com /Literature/Biographies/Philosophy/Descartes.htm (462 words)

	René Descartes - Philosopher - Biography
		Descartes always refused the Aristotelian and Scholastic traditions that had been the dominant shape of philosophy throughout the Medieval times, and he rejected religious influence in his scientific and philosophical studies.
		Nonetheless, Descartes was a devout Catholic, and influenced by the Reformation's challenge of Church authority, and he often uses a vocabulary influenced by scholastic thought.
		Descartes is considered a revolutionary figure, especially for his attempts to change the relationship between philosophy and theology, and integrate philosophy with the new forms of science.
	www.egs.edu /resources/descartes.html (1040 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Rene Descartes
		Descartes says so over and over again; it is his controlling idea; and he endeavours to prove it both from the nature of our thought and from the universal connexion of things.
		For Descartes, as for Bacon, the one purpose of science is utility.
		For Descartes this function of the mind is a fact "of which reason can never convince us", but one which "we experience in ourselves", and this fact is so evident" that it may be considered one of the most generally known ideas" (Rep. aux 3es obj.; Rep. aux 5es obj.- Princ., 1re partie).
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/04744b.htm (4044 words)

	Descartes, Rene. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Descartes’ methodology was a major influence in the transition from medieval science and philosophy to the modern era.
		Descartes was educated in the Jesuit College at La Flèche and the Univ. of Poitiers, then entered the army of Prince Maurice of Nassau.
		From the certainty of the existence of a thinking being, Descartes passed to the existence of God, for which he offered one proof based on St. Anselm’s ontological proof and another based on the first cause that must have produced the idea of God in the thinker.
	www.bartleby.com /65/de/Descarte.html (753 words)

	René Descartes
		Rene Descartes was the third child of a wellÐoff noble family.
		Descartes used these quiet mornings to think, and, later in life, he said that they were the real source of his philosophy and mathematics.
		Descartes was still in Holland happily gardening, thinking and writing when 19Ðyear-old Queen Christina of Sweden decided that she must have him as a tutor in philosophy and mathematics.
	scidiv.bcc.ctc.edu /Math/Descartes.html (738 words)

	Descartes' Life and Works (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Descartes was born in La Haye on March 31, 1596 of Joachim Descartes and Jeanne Brochard.
		Descartes emerges in 1625 in Paris, his notes revealing that he was in contact with Father Marin Mersenne (1588-1648), a member of the Order of Minims.
		Descartes is not a skeptic, as some have insisted, but uses skepticism as a vehicle to motivate his reader to "discover" by way of philosophical investigation what constitutes this ground.
	plato.stanford.edu /entries/descartes-works (4866 words)

	Island of Freedom - René Descartes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Descartes was the son of a minor nobleman and belonged to a family that had produced a number of learned men.
		Descartes then argues that an idea of a perfect thing cannot be brought into being by an imperfect agent, as he is as shown by his state of doubt, which is inferior to knowledge.
		Descartes was the first to use the last letters of the alphabet to designate unknown quantities and the first letters to designate known ones.
	www.island-of-freedom.com /DESCARTE.HTM (1811 words)

	René Descartes [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]
		Descartes is quite happy with these arguments, but he admits that their abstract quality means it is difficult for him to remain convinced once his concentration has wandered.
		Descartes constructs the argument through a process of elimination, arguing that strictly speaking he could not be produced by (a) himself, (b) a finite cause less perfect than God, (c) by several partial causes, or (d) by his parents.
		Descartes' goal is to show that knowledge is possible and scepticism thus defeated; an important subordinate end in all this is to prove that we can rely on our senses to at least some degree, and that their prima facie claims concerning the external world can be verified after all.
	www.utm.edu /research/iep/d/descarte.htm (19643 words)

	Rene Descartes
		Descartes was considered a "jack of all trades", making major contributions to the areas of anatomy, cognitive science, optics, mathematics and philosophy.
		Descartes adopted the strategy of withholding his belief from anything that was not entirely certain and indubitable.
		Descartes influenced not only the rationalist thinkers who were his immediate followers, but also the whole course of modern philosophical inquiry.
	www.math.psu.edu /tseng/class/descartes.html (2049 words)

	Descartes' Epistemology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Descartes' innovation is to use epistemic bulldozers in this way, using sceptical doubts to test the firmness of beliefs put forward as candidates for the foundations of Knowledge—testing their epistemic shakability.
		Descartes' claim that mere seemings “cannot strictly speaking be false” is therefore innocuous: for in isolating the mere seeming, he isolates the perceptual from the volitional.
		Descartes first argues from clearly and distinctly perceived premises to the conclusion that a non-deceiving God exists; he then argues from the premise that a non-deceiving God exists to the conclusion that what is clearly and distinctly perceived is true.
	plato.stanford.edu /entries/descartes-epistemology (17530 words)

	Descartes
		Descartes was educated at the Jesuit college of La Flèche in Anjou.
		Descartes was pressed by his friends to publish his ideas and, although he was adamant in not publishing Le Monde, he wrote a treatise on science under the title Discours de la méthode pour bien conduire sa raison et chercher la vérité dans les sciences.
		Harriot's work on equations, however, may indeed have influenced Descartes who always claimed, clearly falsely, that nothing in his work was influenced by the work of others.
	www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk /~history/Mathematicians/Descartes.html (1604 words)

	RENE DESCARTES
		Descartes was born at La Haye (now called Descartes), and educated at the Jesuit College of La Flèche between 1606 and 1614.
		Descartes is clearly convinced that the discovery of the proper method is the key to scientific advance.
		Descartes' death in Stockholm of pneumonia, has regularly been attributed to the rigours of the Swedish climate and the fact that Descartes (no early riser) was sometimes required to give the Queen lessons as early as five in the morning.
	oregonstate.edu /instruct/phl302/philosophers/descartes.html (1501 words)

	Rene Descartes
		But the most important contribution Descartes made were his philosophical writings; Descartes, who was convinced that science and mathematics could be used to explain everything in nature, was the first to describe the physical universe in terms of matter and motion, seeing the universe a as giant mathematically designed engine.
		Descartes wrote three important texts: Discourse on the Method of Rightly Conducting the Reason and Seeking Truth in the Sciences, Meditations on First Philosophy, and Principles of Philosophy.
		René Descartes had always been a frail individual, and he would usually spend most of his mornings in bed, where he did most of his thinking, fresh from dreams in which he often had his revelations.
	www.renedescartes.com (357 words)

	Rene Descartes
		Descartes outlines his skepticism, his method for inquiring into the truth, and his arrival at his famous conclusion (called the cogito, after the first word in the Latin sentence).
		Descartes lays out all the essential ingredients of Cartesianism: In the first part, he describes how he arrived at a radical skepticism.
		Descartes finds that when he investigates all the human sciences, he can't prove them to be true against the objection that they might be false.
	www.wsu.edu /~dee/ENLIGHT/DESCARTE.HTM (586 words)

	Rene Descartes at Erratic Impact's Philosophy Research Base
		Descartes was educated at a Jesuit college which was firmly grounded in the scholastic tradition.
		During his life, Descartes' fame rose to such an extent that many Catholics believed he would be a candidate for sainthood.
		René Descartes' approach to the theory of knowledge plays a prominent role in shaping the agenda of early modern philosophy.
	www.erraticimpact.com /~modern/html/modern_rene_descartes.htm (896 words)

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