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Topic: Reparations

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	The Tulsa Reparations Coalition
		The Tulsa Reparations Coalition (TRC) is sponsored by the Center for Racial Justice, Inc. a 501c3 organization.
		TRC was organized on April 7, 2001 in response to the Race Riot Report and its sound reparations recommendations.
		The Tulsa Reparations Coalition is in involved in activities that require your support.
	www.tulsareparations.org (625 words)

	World War I reparations - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In many ways, the Versailles reparations was a reply to the reparations placed upon France by Germany in 1871, after the Franco-Prussian War, in which France took huge loans in order to pay the reparations by 1873, because the German Army would occupy France until they were payed.
		A major historical fallacy is that the reparations were the source of the economic condition in Germany from 1919 to 1939.
		Germany payed very little of the reparations and the hyper-inflation of the early 1920s was because of the political and economic instability of post-Kaiserreich Germany.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/World_War_I_reparations (282 words)

	An Approach to Reparations (Human Rights Watch, 19-7-2001)
		By "reparations" we mean not only compensation but also acknowledgment of past abuses, an end to ongoing abuses, and, as much as possible, restoration of the state of affairs that would have prevailed had there been no abuses.
		If reparations are made in the form of payments to individuals rather than investment in the economic and social dynamics behind continuing marginalization, that would raise questions about why today's generation should be seen as more deserving of these payments than tomorrow's generation or the next.
		Finally, the reparations debate should be an occasion to examine and change institutions, such as the criminal justice system in the United States, that arguably extend the effects of past racist practices through their disproportionately negative impact on racial minorities.
	www.hrw.org /campaigns/race/reparations.htm (3193 words)

	War reparations - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		These reparations payments exacerbated German economic problems, and the resulting hyperinflation ruined the chances of the Weimar Republic with the public, and allowed the rise of the Nazi Party and Adolf Hitler.
		Others point to the fact, that post-World War II reparations were calculated on basis of the damages caused by Germans during World War I. After French-Prussian war, reparations amount was set to fixed value.
		The bad experience of the post-World War I reparations led to the post-World War II solution, where winning powers were supposed to take reparations in machines and movable goods from the defeated nations, as opposed to money.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/War_reparations (893 words)

	The Case for Black Reparations
		Reparations are worth fighting for even if such a campaign is unlikely to be successful, due to the intellectual benefit of racial dialogue.
		On the contrary, belief in the fairness of reparations requires at the intellectual level acceptance of the principle that the victims of unjust enrichment should be compensated.
		Reparations include compensations such as return of sovereignty or political authority, group entitlements, and money or property transfers, or some combination of these, due to the wrongdoing of the grantor.
	academic.udayton.edu /race/02rights/repara02.htm (1799 words)

	Stand to Reason Commentary - Reparations: Guilt by Skin Color
		I am distinguishing class action reparations from a one on one reparation where a person is injured by another and then receives a reparation from the one who injured him.
		Reparations are being paid by those who are not guilty of the harm.
		If reparations are owed because a class of people at one time in our history were severely mistreated (and I don't in any way mean to make light or minimize that because it was a terrible crime), that doesn't necessarily require that the score be settled by the payment of cash.
	www.str.org /free/commentaries/social_issues/reparati.htm (2141 words)

	Townhall.com :: Columns :: Does America owe reparations? by Walter E. Williams (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Reparations advocates make the foolish unchallenged pronouncement that United States became rich on the backs of free fl labor.
		The reparations movement would be little more than an amusing side-show were it not for the damage it can do to fls.
		High-powered reparations lawyers could use their legal skills to make court challenges of numerous state and local monopolistic regulations that stop people from getting into business, such as taxi licensing laws, cosmetology regulations, and restrictions on jitney and limousine operations.
	www.townhall.com /columnists/walterwilliams/ww20010207.shtml (744 words)

	Reparations in Reverse
		The fact that Iraqis have been paying reparations to their occupiers is all the more shocking in the context of how little these countries have actually spent on aid in Iraq.
		Reparations are owed to the victims of Saddam Hussein, the group argues—both in Iraq and in Kuwait.
		Instead, reparations should be the responsibility of the governments that loaned billions to Saddam, knowing the money was being spent on weapons so he could wage war on his neighbours and his own people.
	www.commondreams.org /views04/1015-01.htm (1066 words)

	African Reparations
		The Ethics of Reparations: Engaging the Holocaust of Enslavement
		In other words, to talk of reparations is first to identify and define the injury, to say what it is and is not, to define its nature and its impact on the one(s) injured.
		Finally, reparations requires that in the midst of our national conversation, we must discuss and commit ourselves to continue the struggle to establish measures to prevent the occurrence of such massive destruction of human life, human culture and human possibility.
	www.swagga.com /reparation.htm (6287 words)

	African Reparations
		Proponents of reparations pursue their cause with fervor equivalent to that of its opponents and stand firm in their assertion that the reparations given to Jews by Germany, and to Native Americans and Japanese Americans by the United States, set precedents for the payment of reparations to African Americans.
		Proponents of reparations, most often African Americans, evaluate reparations on the basis of a consciousness - the African-American consciousness - spawned from generations of survival as an oppressed people in a hostile environment and rooted in the heritage of the African culture, which survived the trip across the Atlantic Ocean and the institution of slavery.
		We think that the latest development in the reparations drama has had a positive impact in increasing awareness of the issue and in raising the quality of the dialogue over the issue but we also have recognized a danger for those of us who think that reparations are deserved and can eventually be obtained.
	www.swagga.com /legal.htm (4567 words)

	Congressman John Conyers, Jr. Major Issues - Reparations Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		But reparation is a national and a global issue, which should be addressed in America and in the world.
		But the concept of reparations is not a foreign idea to either the U.S. government or governments throughout the world.
		Though there is historical cognition for reparations and it is a term that is fairly well known in the international body politic, the question of reparations for African Americans remains unresolved.
	www.house.gov /conyers/news_reparations.htm (1152 words)

	Reparations for Slavery News Summaries and Links
		For example, the Reparations Support Group cites the $20,000 award granted by the U.S. to the Japanese-Americans who were interred in concentration camps in the U.S. during World War II.
		Reparations advocates fail to acknowledge that the Japanese-Americans who received the $20,000 award were direct "still living" victims of the government's discrimination.
		This is not the case in the proposed "slavery reparations" debacle.
	www.adversity.net /reparations/news1.htm (4494 words)

	Reparations Central Home
		Reparations Central is the premiere reparations clearinghouse linking up reparationist and their organizations all throughout the world so more effective and unified reparations work can be accomplished.
		Since the issue of reparations has received increased attention in the last couple of years many local and national organizations have been formed to try and secure reparations for people of African Descent.
		Reparations Central was formed to support and unify the reparations movement by providing a central database of information that reparationists all throughout the world could access to further their work on securing reparations.
	www.reparationscentral.com (238 words)

	ARM - Reparations and a New Global Order
		after WW II, the victors demanded reparations from Germany for all damages to civilians and their dependants, for losses caused by the maltreatment of prisoners of war, and for all non-military property that was destroyed in the war.
		Let me begin by noting that reparation is not just about money: it is not even mostly about money; in fact, money is not even one percent of what reparation is about.
		Our crusade for reparations would be completed only when we achieve a global order without necrophobia, without alien hegemony over any part of the Black World, and without the possibility of holocaust.
	www.arm.arc.co.uk /NewGlobalOrder.html (2547 words)

	Reparations for Slavery? - The World and I Magazine
		Apologies and reparations were paid 20 years ago to the still-living Japanese-Americans who were incarcerated in detention camps after Pearl Harbor.
		In the 1950s and '60s, the reparations movement was manifested as the Republic of New Africa and led by the likes of Audley "Queen Mother" Moore and the former fugitive Robert Wil1iams.
		The call for reparations, states Michael Meyer, executive director of the New York Civil Rights Coalition, "is an embarrassment of muddled thinking--but then, foolishness and pie-in-the-sky sounding off are par for those who believe the world owes them.
	www.worldandi.com /public/2000/april/repcon.html (1651 words)

	Boundless-The Good News about David Horowitz (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The idea that this generation of white Americans owes this generation of fl Americans reparations for a crime that neither group willed and that ended over 140 years ago is both divisive and, in the long run, politically disastrous.
		The reparations movement, in short, was doomed from the outset.
		It is at once a forceful restatement of the case against reparations and a stinging indictment of those on campus â” students, faculty and administrators â” who continue to choose intimidation over debate.
	www.boundless.org /2001/departments/pages/a0000538.html (1325 words)

	The Claremont Institute: Would Reparations for Slavery be Just? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Jackson, of course, would play the better part of justice by demanding reparations from the descendants of African slave traders who were the first link in the chain that became American slavery.
		Reparations, like affirmative action quotas and racial set asides only exacerbate racial issues and detract from a genuine understanding of equal opportunity.
		The greatest "reparation" for African Americans is to continue — and redouble — our commitment to this principle of justice.
	www.claremont.org /writings/020505erler.html (844 words)

	FrontPage magazine.com :: 10 Reasons Why Reparations For Blacks Are A Bad Idea For Blacks And Racist, Too by David ...
		The reparations claims being advanced by fl leaders seem to imply that the only qualification required for reparations is the color of one's skin.
		Behind the reparations arguments lies the unfounded claim that all fls in America suffer economically from the consequences of slavery and discrimination.
		Thus, to take the most obvious case, Oprah Winfrey may have been a sharecropper's daughter in the most segregated of all Southern states, but—victim of slavery and segregation or no—she was still able to become one of the 400 richest individuals in America on the strength of her appeal to white consumers.
	www.frontpagemag.com /Articles/ReadArticle.asp?ID=1098 (3019 words)

	The Controversial Anti-Reparations Ad by David Horowitz
		The historical precedents generally invoked to justify the reparations claim are payments to Jewish survivors of the Holocaust, Japanese-Americans and African- American victims of racial experiments in Tuskegee, or racial outrages in Rosewood and Oklahoma City.
		But in each case, the recipients of reparations were the direct victims of the injustice or their immediate families.
		This would be the only case of reparations to people who were not immediately affected and whose sole qualification to receive reparations would be racial.
	www.adversity.net /reparations/anti_reparations_ad.htm (1291 words)

	reparations
		A reparations commission fixed sums in money; some payments were to be in kind (i.e., coal, steel, ships).
		Reparations were also demanded in treaties with Germany's allies in the war—Austria, Hungary, Bulgaria, and Turkey—but the amounts were never set and nothing was collected.
		The Western powers ended reparations collections from West Germany in 1952, and the USSR ceased collection from East Germany a year later, although official renunciation of claims did not occur until 1954 in both cases.
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/history/A0841546.html (525 words)

	Salon.com news \| The latest civil rights disaster
		But the idea that taxpayers should pay reparations to fl Americans for the damages of slavery and segregation is no longer a fixation of the political margin.
		Examined closely, the claim for reparations is factually tendentious, morally incoherent and racially incendiary.
		If the reparations idea continues to gain traction, its most obvious effect will be to intensify ethnic antagonisms and generate new levels of racial resentment.
	www.salon.com /news/col/horo/2000/05/30/reparations (506 words)

	Reparations Bibliography, African Americans-- Africana Library, Cornell University
		Proceedings of the First Pan-African Conference on Reparations: Organized by the Organization of African Unity, Group of Eminent Persons on Reparations and the Government of the Federal Republic of Nigeria at Abuja, April 27-29, 1993: Nigeria: RADOC, 1993.
		Reparations Yes!: The Legal and Political Reasons Why New Afrikans, Black People in the United States, Should Be Paid Now for the Enslavement of Our Ancestors and for War Against Us After Slavery: Articles by Chokwe Lumumba, Imari Abubakari Obadele and Nkechi Taifa: Baton Rouge, LA: House of Songhay, Commission for Positive Education, 1993.
		Reparations: The Black Manifesto and its Challenge to White America: Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1970.
	www.library.cornell.edu /africana/guides/reparations.html (1224 words)

	Reparations for Slavery, Main Page.
		First, the $20,000 compensation to the Japanese-Americans was paid to the individuals and/or their families who actually were interred in camps during WWII.
		Slavery reparations are not similarly targeted toward the immediate victims.
		Indeed, it is perverse in its propensity to discredit the very ideal of corrective justice that it invokes, to aggravate bitterness rather than assuage it, and to make reconciliation more difficult.
	www.adversity.net /reparations/reparations_for_reverse_discrimination.htm (1634 words)

	Reparations Web Site Links (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Reparations to Poverty: Domestic Policy in America Ten Years After the Great Society.
		Racist Symbols and Reparations: Philosophical Reflections on Vestiges of the American Civil War.
		Reparations: The Black Manifesto and Its Challenges to White America.
	www.sscnet.ucla.edu /reparations/repbiblio.htm (3346 words)

	Reparations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Additional Information: The issue of whether reparations should be paid to former slaves or descendants of slaves.
		This page points out that there are many precedents for reparations to slavery, in that many other oppressed ethnic groups have been given compensation for crimes against humanity.
		Ubuntu is a race neutral nonprofit organization which advocates reparations for African Americans based on the enslavement of our ancestors and for post-slavery racial oppression.
	canadiancontent.net /dir/Top/Society/Issues/Labor/Slavery/Reparations (238 words)

	CURE - Caucasians United for Reparations and Emancipation - www.reparationsthecure.org
		We support and advocate reparations proposals put forward by Black leaders, recognizing that white Americans have no part in deciding what is required to repair and restore the descendants of enslaved Africans individually and collectively, and that these decisions belong to Black people alone.
		We state that full and complete reparations must be paid not only for slavery and the atrocities that flowed from slavery, but for the ongoing effects of slavery that exist today.
		We express remorse for all crimes committed in the name of white supremacy and we pray for justice to be done in the United States of America and around the earth.
	www.reparationsthecure.org (438 words)

	News from Agape Press
		David Almasi, a member of the fl conservative organization known as Project 21, says he was shocked by Keyes' disclosure, a suggestion that "doesn't stand very well" and "makes his move so confusing." He believes many of the Republican candidate's strongest advocates are scratching their heads over his statements.
		One, he explains, is that reparations are inappropriate because slavery broke no actual laws.
		But in speaking in favor of reparations now, Alan Keyes has actually refuted his own arguments, having previously discussed the issue of slavery reparations in terms that seem to contradict his current position.
	headlines.agapepress.org /archive/9/12004f.asp (437 words)

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