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Topic: Reporter gene

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	Reporter gene - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It is important to use a reporter gene that is not natively expressed in the cell or organism under study, since the expression of the reporter is being used as a marker for successful uptake of the gene of interest.
		Commonly used reporter genes that induce visually identifiable characteristics usually involve fluorescent proteins; examples include the gene that encodes jellyfish green fluorescent protein (GFP), which causes cells that express it to glow green under UV light, and the enzyme luciferase, which catalyzes a reaction with a luciferin to produce light.
		Reporter genes used in this way are normally expressed under their own promoter independent from that of the introduced gene of interest; the reporter gene can be expressed constitutively (that is, it is "always on") or inducibly with an external intervention such as the introduction of IPTG in the beta-galactosidase system.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Reporter_gene (739 words)

	Reporter Gene
		Because most gene therapy techniques only work on a small number of individuals, researchers need to use a reporter gene to identify which cells have taken up the gene currently under study, and which have incorporated it into their chromosomes.
		A commonly used reporter gene is the one that encodes green fluorescent proteins in jellyfish, which cause cells that have taken it up and expressed it to glow green under an ultraviolet lamp.
		Luciferase enzyme genes are also commonly used as reporter genes, causing the cell that expresses it to catalyze luciferins and produce light without external interference.
	www.iscid.org /encyclopedia/Reporter_Gene (217 words)

	Reporter genes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		These genes are often used in situations in which the product of some gene of interest is difficult to assay quantitatively.
		Reporter genes offer a big advantage, because one doesn't need a separate assay for each regulatory region being studied.
		Also, for many reporter genes simple indicator plate assays have been developed that allow one to determine levels of expression by the color of a bacterial or yeast colony, and perhaps to isolate mutants based on changes in the color.
	www.biochem.arizona.edu /classes/bioc568/reporter_genes.htm (297 words)

	Enhancer and Gene Trap Transposon Mutagenesis in Arabidopsis
		In lines in which the reporter gene is inserted within or near a chromosomal gene, reporter gene expression mimics that of the chromosomal gene.
		Gene trap reporter genes (promoter traps and exon traps) have no promoter, so that reporter gene expression can occur only when the reporter gene inserts within a transcribed chromosomal gene, creating a transcriptional fusion.
		Gene trap insertions result in transcriptional fusions between the reporter gene and the chromosomal gene into which it is inserted.
	genetrap.cshl.org /traps.html (5852 words)

	Brinkmann Instruments, Inc ::: Genetic reporter systems
		When the reporter system is selected, care must be taken to ensure that the reporter gene does not influence the physiology of the transfected cells and that the gene is not already endogenously expressed in the examined cells.
		Reporter systems are also often used as a standard to compare the transfection efficiency of different transfection experiments.
		In this case, the control reporter system usually contains a constitutive promoter and a reporter gene, which is different to the reporter gene used by the element under examination.
	www.brinkmann.com /applications/ELEC_geneticreporter.asp (898 words)

	Use of the Neurospora tyrosinase gene as a reporter gene in transformation experiments.
		Reporter gene systems have been developed to allow investigators to visually identify transformed cells and to follow the transcriptional activity from promoter regions preceding the reporter genes.
		These reporter genes encode protein products which can be easily assayed and which can be strained for in the transformed cell.
		The protyrosinase encoded by the tyrosinase gene is an enzymatically inactive precursor molecule which must have the carboxyl terminus removed by proteolytic processing to become an active enzyme.
	www.fgsc.net /fgn/kothe.html (1198 words)

	IGTC, International Gene-Trap Consortium
		Gene trapping creates random insertional mutations in the genome that are immediately accessible to molecular characterization.
		Gene trap vectors contain a promoterless reporter gene and/or selectable marker which is activated upon insertion within an endogenous gene, hence, "gene trapping".
		Gene trapping is a rapid and cost-efficient method that is ideally suited for large-scale mutagenesis of the mammalian genome.
	www.igtc.ca /FAQ.html (704 words)

	Pairing-Dependent Mislocalization of a Drosophila brown Gene Reporter to a Heterochromatic Environment -- Sass and ...
		Pairing-Dependent Mislocalization of a Drosophila brown Gene Reporter to a Heterochromatic Environment -- Sass and Henikoff 152 (2): 595 -- Genetics
		individual, demonstrating that activity of the bw gene on the homolog is not necessary for a wild-type phenotype.
		the endogenous bw gene to a heterochromatic compartment by heterochromatin-mediated
	www.genetics.org /cgi/content/full/152/2/595 (4103 words)

	In vivo reporter gene imaging (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		The use of reporter genes such as luciferase, beta-galactosidase and green flourescent protein has opened new areas in cell biology.
		We have recently developed reporter gene systems that can be used to image gene expression in living vertebrates.
		We use reporter genes whose protein products can trap positron labeled substrates in tissues, and then image the reporter gene dependent trapping of the positron labeled reporter probes with by positron emission tomography.
	www.crump.ucla.edu /research/lab?lab_id=2141 (136 words)

	Ben Buxton: Green Fluorescent Protein as a Reporter Gene
		The main concern of this paper, however, is with the application of GFP as a reporter gene.
		Reporter genes are common biological tools that demonstrate clearly when they a gene is turned on or off.
		Natures method of gene expression, where the proteins that make up a cell are made from their DNA codes, gives molecular biologists a useful tool.
	www.bio.davidson.edu /Courses/Molbio/MolStudents/01bebuxton/gfp.html (716 words)

	Coexpression of Herpesviral Thymidine Kinase Reporter Gene and VEGF Gene for Noninvasive Monitoring of Therapeutic Gene ...
		The usefulness of a vector coexpressing VEGF and HSV1-tk reporter
		Safety and feasibility of catheter-based local intracoronary vascular endothelial growth factor gene transfer in the prevention of postangioplasty and in-stent restenosis and in the treatment of chronic myocardial ischemia: phase II results of the kuopio angiogenesis trial (KAT).
		Use of the norepinephrine transporter as a reporter gene for non-invasive imaging of genetically modified cells.
	jnm.snmjournals.org /cgi/content/full/45/10/1743 (1627 words)

	Two-step transcriptional amplification as a method for imaging reporter gene expression using weak promoters -- Iyer et ...
		Transcription of the reporter gene, either fl or HSV1-sr39tk, leads to reporter protein, which in turn leads to a detectable signal in the presence of the appropriate reporter probe.
		LNCaP cells were transiently transfected with the effector and reporter plasmids or reporter plasmid alone as described earlier.
		reporter gene in the absence of androgen) in female nude mice.
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/98/25/14595 (4795 words)

	A mutant herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase reporter gene shows improved sensitivity for imaging reporter ...
		Several approaches are being developed to image reporter gene expression in living animals.
		HSV1-tk is under active study as a reporter gene to image gene expression in living individuals (reviewed in ref. 11).
		F]fluoroganciclovir (FGCV) as a reporter substrate for HSV1-TK (S.G., E.B., M.I., and M.N., unpublished
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/97/6/2785 (5194 words)

	[No title]
		Interaction of the two vectors, one vector encoding a fusion of a gene of interest to one domain and the other vector encoding the interacting domain, restores the activity of the transcriptional activator.
		In this system, genetic selection for restoration is possible by encoding a reporter gene whose expression is induced only when the transcriptional activator is reconstituted.
		In addition, the luciferase reporter gene is very sensitive and easy to use.
	www.stratagene.com /products/displayProduct.aspx?pid=509 (911 words)

	Different core promoters possess distinct regulatory activities in the Drosophila embryo -- Ohtsuki et al. 12 (4): 547 ...
		of the enhancer with gene A precludes activation of gene B (Fig.
		reporter genes are expressed in a series of seven stripes, indicating
		of the lacZ reporter gene in the presumptive abdomen (Fig.
	www.genesdev.org /cgi/content/full/12/4/547 (5142 words)

	Imaging Tri-Fusion Multimodality Reporter Gene Expression in Living Subjects -- Ray et al. 64 (4): 1323 -- Cancer ...
		Fluorescence imaging was performed by placing the mouse in a CCD camera for 1 s, and a fluorescence image was acquired with a excitation filter at 500–550 nm and an emission filter at 575–650 nm.
		Cells expressing the fusion reporter gene (A.3, a and A.4, a) and ttk gene (A.3, b and A.4, b) showed FHBG accumulation in coronal section (A.3) and trans-axial section (A.4).
		Ten million cells of each clone were implanted on the axillary regions of the ventral side of three nude mice (two clones in each mouse), and after 24 h, mice were imaged by the cooled CCD camera and microPET.
	cancerres.aacrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/64/4/1323 (6798 words)

	[No title]
		Conversely, the new reporter strain (BacterioMatch II strain) uses the yeast His3 gene and the aadA gene, which confers streptomycin resistance, as the selection markers (fig 1).
		A second reporter gene, aadA, is expressed from the same activatable promoter and confers resistance to the antibiotic streptomycin, providing an additional mechanism to validate the bait and target interaction (See Figure).
		The aadA gene, which confers streptomycin resistance, serves as a secondary reporter to further validate the positive colonies from the screen for histidine prototrophy.
	www.stratagene.com /products/displayProduct.aspx?pid=52 (1124 words)

	PHYTOCLOCK 1 encoding a novel GARP protein essential for the Arabidopsis circadian clock -- Onai and Ishiura 10 (10): ...
		reporter gene in HL (22 °C for 12 h/17 °C for 12 h) cycles in LL.
		reporter gene yielded similar results, varying somewhat in bioluminescence levels with strains.
		Jefferson, R.A., Kavanagh, T.A. and Bevan, M.W. (1987) GUS fusions: beta-glucuronidase as a sensitive and versatile gene fusion marker in higher plants.
	www.genestocellsonline.org /cgi/content/full/10/10/963 (3865 words)

	Feasibility of Genome-Scale Construction of Promoter::Reporter Gene Fusions for Expression in Caenorhabditis elegans ...
		Construction of reporter gene fusions through a three-molecule LR reaction.
		The Expression Clone, containing the promoter::gfp reporter gene fusion, is generated through a series of three steps (bold arrows) that involve specific recombination reactions (crosses).
		The gfp reporter gene fusions were generated using MultiSite Gateway while the lacZ reporter gene fusions had been generated previously by conventional cloning.
	www.genome.org /cgi/content/full/14/10b/2070 (3613 words)

	8-[18F]Fluoropenciclovir: An Improved Reporter Probe for Imaging HSV1-tk Reporter Gene Expression In Vivo Using PET -- ...
		Imaging adenoviral-directed reporter gene expression in living animals with positron emission tomography.
		Quantitation of target gene expression by imaging reporter gene expression in living animals.
		Radiolabeled penciclovir: a new reporter probe with improved imaging properties over ganciclovir for imaging herpes-simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase reporter gene expression [abstract].
	jnm.snmjournals.org /cgi/content/full/42/1/96 (4902 words)

	Molecular imaging in living subjects: seeing fundamental biological processes in a new light -- Massoud and Gambhir 17 ...
		reporter probe have to be in relative close proximity for a PET
		Reporter genes fall into this category and are described in greater
		Reporter genes are used to study promoter/enhancer elements involved in gene expression, inducible promoters to look at the
	www.genesdev.org /cgi/content/full/17/5/545 (9721 words)

	Walleye Dermal Sarcoma Virus: OrfA N-Terminal End Inhibits the Activity of a Reporter Gene Directed by Eukaryotic ...
		gene was used as a reporter gene and was placed under the control
		Effect of orfA expression on luciferase reporter gene activity driven by different promoters in a fish cell line, W12.
		The luciferase reporter plasmid pCMV and pLTR were respectively cotransfected with full-length orfA and the orfA mutants.
	jvi.asm.org /cgi/content/full/73/10/8884 (2745 words)

	Poly-A sequences lay upstream of a reporter gene? - BioForum
		It is a normal reporter vector where the Poly-A sequence lays upstream of the promoter of the reporter gene.
		The synthetic poly(A) signal in the pCAT3 vector and several other Promega vectors is placed upstream of the reporter to eliminate background and vector dependent reporter signal.
		By putting in a polyadenylation signal, these transcripts should no longer contain the reporter gene because it is spliced off and will not cause artificial signal.
	www.protocol-online.org /forums/index.php?showtopic=5747 (412 words)

	Development and Characterization of a Gene Expression Reporter System for Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 -- ...
		For each plasmid, the locations and directions of transcription of relevant genes are indicated (arrows).
		The goal of this study was to develop an effective gene expression reporter system for C.
		it could be used as a reporter gene.
	aem.asm.org /cgi/content/full/65/9/3793 (4230 words)

	Amazon.com: Gus Protocols: Using the Gus Gene As a Reporter of Gene Expression: Books: Sean R. Gallagher (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		The gb-glucuronidase (GUS) gene is extremely useful as a reporter of the expression of introduced genes and can be used in organisms where other reporter genes are useless.
		Thus, the GUS gene is the reporter gene of choice for transgenic plant research.
		Not only can this assay be used to detect whether a gene is being expressed, but it can be used to determine the location of the gene product within cells.
	www.amazon.com /Gus-Protocols-Using-Reporter-Expression/dp/0122740106 (833 words)

	Effects of epigenetic modulation on reporter gene expression: implications for stem cell imaging -- Krishnan et al. 20 ...
		Effects of epigenetic modulation on reporter gene expression: implications for stem cell imaging -- Krishnan et al.
		Effects of epigenetic modulation on reporter gene expression: implications for stem cell imaging
		Schema of potential mechanism of firefly luciferase reporter gene silencing and reversal with 5-azacytidine treatment.
	www.fasebj.org /cgi/content/full/20/1/106 (1178 words)

	A Minimal Ksp-Cadherin Promoter Linked to a Green Fluorescent Protein Reporter Gene Exhibits Tissue-Specific Expression ...
		The nLacZ reporter gene is not drawn to scale.
		the 5' flanking region of the Ksp-cadherin gene.
		reporter gene exhibit kidney-specific expression in thick ascending
	jasn.asnjournals.org /cgi/content/full/13/7/1824 (6313 words)

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