
	Where results make sense

Topic: Reprisal weapon

Related Topics

Bombing of Dresden in World War II

	Document Title
		The question whether nuclear weapons could be lawfully used in an armed conflict is regulated by international law, and in particular the law of armed conflicts and by principles of international humanitarian law.
		Second, when a state commits such a wrongful act or delict, the use of force by way of reprisal would have to be proportionate and as such if the wrongful act did, not involve the use of a nuclear weapon, the reprisal could also not involve the use of a nuclear weapon.
		However, those who do not have such weapons would all the time be racing to build them and those who already have nuclear weapons would continue to develop even more destructive weapons to maintain the superiority, necessary for deterrence and this would keep humanity in the perpetual fear of total destruction.
	www.angelfire.com /mi/MIND123/ICJFIN1.html (2086 words)

	16v - Punto (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The name Vergeltungswaffe, meaning "reprisal weapon ",was coined by German propaganda minister Goebbels to signify reprisal against the Allies for the silence that heralded the V-1 's impact.
		The name Vergeltungswaffe, meaning "reprisal weapon ",was coined by German propaganda minister Goebbels to signify reprisal against the Allies to devote large amounts of time and resources against them.
		The name Vergeltungswaffe, meaning "reprisal weapon ",was coined by German propaganda minister Goebbels to signify reprisal against the Allies to devote large amounts of time punto and resources against them.
	punto.pay-e-bullion.org /16v (3879 words)

	The first space shot, Peenemünde, Germany
		The aim of the development was for military use and the technicians and scientists had to dedicate their knowledge and skills to the war effort.
		The rocket type "Fieseler 103" (the so called reprisal weapon V1) and "Aggregat 4" (the V2) entered the war with dire consequences for the civilian population.
		There are also documents reminding of the people who were forced to work in Peenemünde such as aliens and concentration camp inmates who perished during the development, building and deployment of this weapons system.
	www.all-in-all.com /english/0605.htm (362 words)

	Workshop 279 - Papers
		This is why states which have renounced their claims to nuclear weapons, including those enjoying the protection of nuclear-weapon powers, have all along insisted on obtaining security assurances, considered by many to be an essential component of an effective nuclear non-proliferation regime.
		The argument that the option of using nuclear weapons against non-nuclear-weapon states must be retained to react to a possible use of chemical or biological weapons is not convincing.
		All nuclear-weapon states have declared that their nuclear weapons are not targeted at any state, and yet, the nuclear security assurances they have given to non-nuclear-weapon states are still neither unconditional, nor uniform, nor legally binding.
	www.pugwash.org /reports/nw/goldblat.htm (1541 words)

	Proposed Changes to Whistleblower Protection Program
		In the control and management of its nuclear weapon maintenance and environmental cleanup sites, research and development laboratories, test sites, and other Government-owned or -leased facilities, the DOE is responsible for safeguarding public and employee health and safety; ensuring compliance with applicable laws, rules, and regulations; and preventing fraud, mismanagement, waste, and abuse.
		This rule was not intended to cover complaints of reprisal stemming from or relating to other types of discrimination by contractors, such as discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, age, national origin, or other similar basis.
		The reprisal could therefore be subject to the investigatory and adjudicatory procedures of both Parts 820 and Part 708, and could result in relief to the employee under Part 708 and the imposition of civil penalties on the DOE contractor under Part 820.
	www.oha.doe.gov /regs/Proposed708.htm (10401 words)

	Logrus Weapons
		The true power of a Logrus weapon is its ability to damage a foe in such a way that his or her supernatural abilities cannot immediately heal the wound.
		It is a terribly unsubtle weapon, and tends to draw the attention of anyone sensitive to the manipulations of Logrus Energy.
		Part of its enchantment is that the weapon seems to work in nearly any environment, even those not normally conducive to technology; it does this by altering Shadow in its immediate proximity.
	www-personal.umich.edu /~fazzari/Amber/QOA/Logrus-weapons.html (728 words)

	Wikipedia: V-2 rocket
		It was clear that Von Braun's designs were turning into real weapons, and Dornberger moved the team from Kummersdorf (near Berlin) to a small town, Peenemünde, on the island of Usedom on Germany's Baltic coast, in order to provide more room for testing and greater secrecy.
		It landed 193 km away, and became the first man-made object to enter space as well as the first man-made machine to exceed the speed of sound.
		Production started in 1943 on the Vergeltungswaffe 2 (reprisal weapon 2), or the V-2 as it became better known, at the insistence of Göbbels' propaganda ministry.
	www.factbook.org /wikipedia/en/v/v_/v_2_rocket.html (1485 words)

	SUICIDE & SUICIDAL TERRORISM
		He consciously commits suicide in such a manner as to cause the deaths of others too either as an act of reprisal or because he feels that the impact of his action on the public mind would be more if there are other deaths.
		The Shias of Pakistan, despite the gruesome massacres to which they are subjected from time to time, have not tried to emulate their co-religionists of the Lebanon by taking to suicide terrorism in reprisals.
		It projects suicide terrorism as a battlefield weapon and justifies acts of suicide terrorism as heroic acts of patriotism in furtherance of the Tamil cause.
	www.saag.org /papers10/paper947.html (2906 words)

	stellarmatter.net - darwinia mods - Reprisal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Reprisal focuses around elements such as story and eye-candy, as most of the other mods have explored every element of Darwinia gameplay to the fullest.
		Reprisal was meant to be moderately difficult, built and tested at difficulty 1, and if you are not adapted to such gameplay, it may seem hard at first.
		On the timed mission, there is no way as of yet that I have found to prevent cheating, so I will put you on your honor to reset the level as soon as the event of failure happens.
	stellarmatter.net /static.php?page=reprisal (297 words)

	The Soviet Weapons Program - The Tsar Bomba
		This three stage weapon was actually a 100 megaton bomb design, but the uranium fusion stage tamper of the tertiary (and possibly the secondary) stage(s) was replaced by one(s) made of lead.
		With its dense settlement, use of such a weapon in Europe is equivalent to an attack on a major portion of an entire nation and its population.
		If Khrushchev heard of Western estimates (as he surely did) and was pleased with the weapons team "exceeding their quota" as it were, they could hardly be expected to risk themselves in disabusing the leader of the party and state of cherished notions.
	nuclearweaponarchive.org /Russia/TsarBomba.html (5687 words)

	Iraq: Respecting International Humanitarian Law: Background information. - Amnesty International (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		However, reprisals-- in the legal sense of the term -- cannot be launched against a state that is not a party to the conflict (Israel).
		They might use weapons which are not capable of hitting a military target with precision -- either by their nature or as a result of the circumstances in which they are employed.
		An indiscriminate weapon can therefore be defined as a weapon deemed to have indiscriminate effects either because of inherent characteristics or because of the way it tends to be used, or both.
	web.amnesty.org /library/index/engmde140412003 (6835 words)

	UNHCR - Rape: The hidden weapon against women in war-torn northern Uganda
		When we talk of weapons used in war, little or no thought is given to the fact that rape is another weapon used during conflict.
		Rape as a weapon of war is being used in many countries worldwide to target defenseless people, usually women and children and Northern Uganda is no exception.
		Rape as a weapon of war violates the Geneva Conventions and other international statutory legislation; identifying rape as a war crime.
	www.unhcr.org /cgi-bin/texis/vtx/protect/opendoc.htm?tbl=PROTECTION&id=434a7de02 (1089 words)

	NTI: Non-Proliferation Treaty Tutorial
		Nuclear weapon states (NWS) that have ratified the relevant protocols to NWFZ treaties undertake legally binding commitments to respect the status of these zones and not to use or threaten to use nuclear weapons against states parties to such treaties.
		As justification for the use of nuclear weapons in such a case, the doctrine of "belligerent reprisal" is often cited.
		The only purpose of a reprisal is to induce the enemy to cease its illegal activity and to comply with the law of armed conflict.
	www.nti.org /h_learnmore/npttutorial/chapter05_nwfz.html (760 words)

	::The V1::
		The V1 is difficult to classify as a weapon as it was not a true rocket in that it did not leave the atmosphere, but it was also clearly not a plane.
		The V1 was so-called because Hitler saw it as a reprisal weapon — a Vergeltungswaffen.
		Intelligence had already concluded that the Germans had developed something radical as early as late 1943 when spy reports and reconnaissance photos showed the existence of launch ramps that were clearly directed at London.
	www.historylearningsite.co.uk /V1.htm (1596 words)

	Synthetic Reality synSpace
		Firing your weapons increases the temperature of your weapon launch tube.
		To use one of these weapons, you need to first select it (by pressing its FKey) and then use the INSert key to actually fire the weapon.
		If the weapon needs a target (such as the homing missile), you select it by clicking on a player name in the Arcadia player list.
	www.synthetic-reality.com /synSpace.htm (1190 words)

	Wonder weapons of WW2: Part 1
		Scientists and engineers on both sides were preoccupied with making their weapons faster, more effective and more deadly.
		Their wonder weapon production started even before the war but insufficient government funding, since proven tactics and weapons brought outstanding results at the beginning of the war, slowed down developing process of many weapons which they later on found to be very useful.
		Vergeltungswaffe-1 or Reprisal weapon-1 was in fact world's first cruise missile.
	www.advicesource.org /ww2/Top_10_Wonder_Weapons_of_ww2.html (447 words)

	SECRETS OF THE DEAD . The Hunt for Nazi Scientists \| PBS
		Covert teams of commandos and agents were sent ahead of the front lines and deep into Germany, hunting for both the weapons and the scientists and engineers who'd created them.
		Germany's Vergeltungswaffen 2 (or "weapon of reprisal") rocket, a successor to the earlier V-1 "buzz bomb," was first launched successfully toward Western Europe on September 8, 1944.
		The behemoth, 46-foot-tall weapon -- devised by scientist Wernher von Braun (see sidebar), head of the Nazi rocket program -- streaked across the skies faster than the speed of sound and carried over a ton of explosives.
	www.pbs.org /wnet/secrets/case_naziscientists/index.html (727 words)

	LCNP.org - Nuclear Disarmament and Non-Proliferation - Two Legal Issues Confronting NATO and the Nuclear ...
		While the use of biological weapons is prohibited by the Geneva Protocol of 1925, reaffirmed by the BWC, there is no similarly clear prohibition on their use in reprisal.
		However, the United States is considering, indeed threatening, the use of nuclear weapons in reprisal to chemical or biological attacks, as well as to nuclear attacks.
		A preemptive use of nuclear weapons against a non-nuclear weapon state party to the NPT or a regional nuclear weapon free zone would unquestionably breach negative security assurances and would also fail to comply with the requirements of necessity, proportionality, and discrimination.
	www.lcnp.org /disarmament/npt/nato.htm (4441 words)

	The Hindu : War talk and law talk (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		In its advisory opinion on the legality of the threat or use of nuclear weapons in 1996, the ICJ clearly laid down that unless the very survival of the state is threatened, the use of nuclear weapons is unlawful even in defence.
		India's assertion that it is entitled to use nukes in retaliation — and use it massively — contradicts both its own stated position before the ICJ in 1996 as well as the judgment itself.
		In its written pleadings before the ICJ, India asserted that "even where a wrongful act involved the use of a nuclear weapon, the reprisal action cannot involve the use of a nuclear weapon without violating certain fundamental principles of humanitarian law...
	www.hinduonnet.com /thehindu/2002/06/02/stories/2002060202280800.htm (778 words)

	A Former Navy Chief's Exciting Spy Novel Takes on Espionage and the Battle of the Sexes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Reprisal by Vince Huntington is a powerful love story set against the backdrop of San Diego, Vietnam, Hong Kong and terrorist spies.
		Reprisal draws on Huntington's own gut-wrenching experiences in the Navy and explores the conflict between following orders and doing what is right.
		Reprisal is available for sale online at Amazon.com, Borders.com, and through additional wholesale and retail channels worldwide.
	prweb.com /releases/2006/10/prweb464752.htm (556 words)

	Guns Becoming as Important as Food
		Recently, after the bombing of the al-Askariyah shrine in Samarra in February this year, a wave of reprisal killings drastically increased the desire of each Iraqi family to have at least one gun.
		The increased flow of weapons has been seen as a consequence of general anxiety and "sectarian violence," but many Iraqis have very particular fears.
		Samir is afraid of the influence of Iran, and blames the United States for focusing too little on Iran at the beginning of the occupation.
	www.commondreams.org /headlines06/0529-02.htm (818 words)

	V-1 Buzz Bomb information
		Reprisals against German towns and villages were considered but such reprisals were not likely to ease the situation.
		Hitler's Reprisal Weapons were missiles of terror aimed at London, where some war production fell because of time lost during raids and the loss of killed and injured workers.
		Of the many unorthodox weapons proposed for use by the Luftwaffe during the last 18 months of W.W. II one of the most remarkable was a piloted version of the Fi 103 missile: Reichenberg IV.
	www.fiddlersgreen.net /AC/aircraft/V1/info/info.php (7320 words)

	A Call for Accountability
		He has been disappointed to find that “prevailing” as a whistleblower does not mean, in DOE at least, that the underlying health and safety issues are objectively considered.
		DOE’s top overseer for its nuclear weapon material safeguards and security programs authorized, in writing, a personnel action against Carson later to be found unlawful reprisal.
		While Carson does not take this personally (they have rarely, if ever, done so in other cases), he does think this lack of cohesiveness is an important (even if unstated) contributing factor to the DOE sick worker disaster and other engineering-related mishaps and disasters.
	www.carsonversusdoe.com (891 words)

	News \| TimesDaily.com \| TimesDaily \| Florence, Alabama (AL)
		Vergeltungswaffe (German for "retaliation weapon", "reprisal weapon" or "vengeance weapon") was a term assigned during World War II by the Nazis to a number of revolutionary superweapons, the V-1 flying bomb, the V-2 rocket and the V-3 cannon.
		Intended to turn the war back in Germany's favour, the accuracy and hence the military effectiveness of the V weapons was low.
		Historians have suggested that the huge resources needed for the V weapon programs at Hitler's insistence, contributed to the quicker defeat of Nazi Germany by diverting limited resources from conventional forces, eg the 11,000 tons of (low grade) petrol needed for 20,000 V-1s could have been used in German tanks immobilised by lack of fuel.
	www.timesdaily.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=reprisal_weapon (861 words)

	Air Piracy Reprisal and Capture Act of 2001
		The September 11 Marque and Reprisal Act of 2001 provides Congressional authorization for the President to issue letters of marque and reprisal to appropriate parties to seize the person and property of Osama bin Laden and any other individual responsible for the terrorist attacks of September 11.
		In the early days of the Republic, marque and reprisal were usually used against pirates who, while they may have enjoyed the protection and partnership of governments, where not official representatives of a government.
		This is because using letters of marque and reprisal shows the people of the region that we are serious when we say our quarrel is not with them but with Osama bin Laden and all others who would dare commit terrorist acts against the United States.
	www.house.gov /paul/congrec/congrec2001/cr101001.htm (882 words)

	International Humanitarian Law Issues In A Potential War In I raq (Human Rights Watch Briefing Paper, February 20, 2003)
		These include the use of human shields, the use of weapons of mass destruction, concerns about urban combat, attacks on civilian morale, attacks on dual-use facilities, targeting decisions (target identification and proportionality), the use of certain conventional weapons, the duties of an occupying power, and transparency in the conduct of military operations.
		The United States is not known to have used biological weapons in combat and said that it unilaterally dismantled its offensive biological weapons program in 1969.
		There is also reason to fear that the United States would use nuclear weapons in reprisal for Iraqi use of chemical or biological weapons.
	www.hrw.org /backgrounder/arms/iraq0202003.htm (7301 words)

	The Fieseler Fi-103 (V-1)
		Germany launched its new weapon from Pas-de-Calais on the northern coast of France, on 13th June 1944.
		The weapons were launched against Britain (from l3th June 1944) and targets in continental Europe.
		Even more of a desperation weapon was the Reichenberg' piloted series, of which there were four versions: the single seat and two-seat unpowered Fi 103R-I and fl-Il, the singleseat powered R-lll trainer, and the proposed operational RIV.
	www.plane-crazy.net /links/v1.htm (4168 words)

	WorldNetDaily: Bill gives authority to kill bin Laden (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The weapon Congress once used to defend against "terrorism on the high seas" was for lawmakers "to grant letters of marque and reprisal," said a press release issued by Paul's lobbying organization, The Liberty Committee.
		Article I, Section 8, Clauses 10 and 11 of the U.S. Constitution grants Congress the power to define offenses against the law of nations and to authorize the use of non-governmental persons or entities to capture those who commit those offenses, Snyder said.
		"A letter of marque – or letter of reprisal – is the means by which a government authorizes a civilian to arm a private ship in order to attack and plunder the merchant ships of an enemy nation during war," she wrote.
	www.wnd.com /news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=24890 (755 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)