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Topic: Requiem (Mozart)

	Requiem (Mozart) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It was Mozart's last composition and is also perhaps one of his most powerful and recognised works, not only for its music, but also for the debate as to how much of the music Mozart managed to complete before his death, and how much was later composed by his friend and pupil Franz Xaver Süßmayr.
		Mozart had been commissioned anonymously to write the Requiem (by intermediaries acting for the eccentric Count von Walsegg-Stuppach) and received half of the payment in advance, so his widow Constanze was keen for the incomplete work to be finished.
		Mozart's Requiem is a popular choral work used in many works of popular culture such as films and music videos, usually to announce a dark, scary or tragic event.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Requiem_(Mozart) (2096 words)

	Requiem - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Requiem or Requiem Mass, also known formally (in Latin) as the Missa pro defunctis or Missa defunctorum, is a liturgical service of the Roman Catholic Church and, in a wholly different ritual form, the Eastern Rite Catholic Churches.
		Among the earliest examples of this type are the German requiems composed in the 17th century by Schütz and Praetorius, whose works are Lutheran adaptations of the Catholic requiem, and which provided inspiration for the mighty German Requiem by Brahms.
		Requiem is the name of an anarcho-punk/hardcore band from North Carolina featuring former members of Catharsis and current members of Ümlaut.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Requiem (2879 words)

	Boston Cecilia: Mozart Requiem, Program Notes
		Before he died, Mozart was able to complete only the Requiem's opening movement, the Requiem aeternam, along with much of the Kyrie and portions of the Sequence, the long poem beginning with the Dies Irae and ending with the Lacrimosa.
		Mozart borrowed the melody for the Kyrie from the chorus "And with his stripes we are healed" in Handel's Messiah, a work he had revised on a commission from Baron van Swieten in 1789.
		Early writers on Mozart were unanimous in believing that the Requiem marked a new direction in his work, away from opera and the symphony towards a thoroughgoing reform of church music.
	www.bostoncecilia.org /prognotes/mozart-requiem.html (1667 words)

	Mozart
		Mozart's Requiem - the composer's last and unfinished work - was commissioned by Count Franz von Walsegg, who wished to have it performed in memory of his departed wife as his own composition.
		The requiem is known to the general public in the version undertaken immediately after Mozart's death by his pupil Franz Xaver Sussmayr.
		The completed version of the Requiem consisted of Mozart's autograph of the INTROITUS and KYRIE (the latter with Freystadtler's and Sussmayr's orchestration) and Sussmayr's manuscript of the rest.
	requiemonline.tripod.com /notes/mozart.htm (1837 words)

	Mozart Requiem
		Mozart was a great composer of repute by this time, at the age of only 35, and had completed a vast list of compositions, from piano concertos to string-quartets, sonatas to operas, symphonies to solo works.
		Mozart died before he could complete this epic work, although he left quite a few manuscript pages showing what he was thinking of, some in quite a bit of detail, enabling the work to be completed by others.
		Mozart stands out as being spectacular whilst the other ‘helpers’ to complete the requiem show less of the Great composer than the pupil or pupils who are trying hard to live up to the Master’s expectations.
	www.articlesofnote.com /Article/Mozart-Requiem/71 (568 words)

	Mozart's Requiem
		Mozart undertook the commission for an Austrian nobleman, little knowing that he was to write a requiem for himself.
		Inevitably, the secrecy surrounding the anonymous commission, the circumstances of Mozart's death, the unfinished state of the work, and its completion under the direction of Mozart's widow, Constanze, have precipitated two centuries of romantic speculation and scholarly controversy.
		Wolff summarizes the current state of research on the subject, provides new perspectives on Mozart's conception of the whole work, and surveys his contributions to the movements composed posthumously by his assistant, Süssmayr.
	www.ucpress.edu /books/pages/5901.html (323 words)

	The Mozart Project: K. 626
		The mysterious circumstances of the Requiem's commission, and the fact that it was left incomplete by a dying Mozart, have ensured a continuing fascination with his last composition.
		Mozart, who was accustomed to take no step without consulting his wife, related to her this strange commission, and at the same time mentioned his desire to try his hand at this type of work too, the more so as the elevated and exalted style of church music was always close to his genius.
		As she was of the opinion that he was sickening from some illness, and the Requiem was overstraining his sensitive nerves, she called the doctor and took away the score of the Requiem....
	www.mozartproject.org /compositions/k_626__.html (1493 words)

	A history of the Mozart Requiem
		Mozart would also have told the messenger that the composition would have to wait until he had finished various other commitments; just the small matter of two operas, a concerto, a cantata, conducting engagements in Prague...
		Mozart had left the Lacrymosa as an unfinished 8 bar fragment, and no music had been written to follow the Offertorium; it is certain the overall plan of the music was already formed in Mozart’s mind, but death robbed him of the time to write it down except in fragmentary sketches.
		Mozart usually did not need to draft his ideas, as he could do most compositional tasks mentally; he did however use sketches to clarify particularly difficult or significant work, which were kept separate of the full score.
	www.carringbush.net /~pml/music/mozart/requiem/mozart.html (5436 words)

	Classical Notes - Classical Classics - Mozart: Requiem, By Peter Gutmann
		Yet, in the first Mozart biography (albeit not written until 1798), a family friend, Franz Xavier Niemetchek, claims that Mozart's health and spirits plunged, his melancholy thoughts obsessed with paranoid fear of being slowly poisoned, contemplation of his own death, and a gnawing feeling that he was writing his Requiem for himself.
		Those versed in the Mozart style generally agree that Süssmayr's work is deeply flawed with technical errors, needless instrumental doubling of voices and a general lack of inspiration (although few non-scholarly ears notice the faults and, as many concede, what contemporary wouldn't be found lacking when compared to the genius of Mozart?).
		Yet, he takes his cue from Mozart's arrangement of Handel's Messiah for a 1789 performance, for which he had a choir of 12, the 4 soloists and 20 strings, to which are added the 2 basset horns, 2 oboes, 3 trombones, 2 trumpets, tympani and organ specified in the Requiem score.
	www.classicalnotes.net /classics/mozartrequiem.html (3259 words)

	Mozart Requiem SACD Harnoncourt
		It is a splendid interpretation which pushes the Mozart requiem toward maximum dramatic intensity and which underlines contrast between the moments of acceptance and the moments of angers (or of fears of the divine).
		An interesting fact of this Requiem is that by the form of its composition (element of sacred music like the fugue and counterpoint, etc.) it uses an ancient musical style.
		The alto is the weakest element of the vocal soloists (her voice is shaking).
	www.geocities.com /jmserre/ENMozartRequiem.html (1759 words)

	BTS » Resources » Articles » Mozart's Requiem
		After the trombone solo quits in bar 18, Mozart keeps the same stave format (he writes the tenor solo on the same line as the bass solo) until bar 45 (which is an additional 2 pages) where he adds staves for Canto (soprano) and Alto.
		Since to do only what Mozart wrote is to reduce the Requiem to a torso (with some very incomplete orchestration as well), performances of the Mozart/Süssmayer version are very satisfactory and give us the piece we know as Mozart's Requiem.
		Therefore, Mozart may have wanted to define the units within the phrase, to prevent, for example, the final A-flat in bar 16 from being detached from the rest of the bar and turned into a pick-up to the next bar.
	www.trombone-society.org.uk /requiem.htm (2173 words)

	BBC - h2g2 - Mozart's 'Requiem'
		Requiem Mass (K626) in D Minor was written by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in 1791.
		The Requiem was not played at Mozart's funeral, as it was not ready and it is not known if any music was played, but his Requiem has been played at memorials for him ever since.
		Although the film implied that Salieri was helping Mozart, and that the Confutatis was the last part of the Requiem that Mozart wrote, which is incorrect, it still gives a beautiful description of the Confutatis.
	www.bbc.co.uk /dna/h2g2/A1119430 (1101 words)

	REQUIEM
		Mozart was always moving from place to place, either on the great tours his father arranged or later in his life when he had outstayed his welcome with landlords.
		Mozart’s Requiem was commissioned in 1791, anonymously by Count F. von Walsegg, as he wished to pass the work off as his own.
		It seems that Mozart’s widow Constanze was eager to have the Requiem completed for financial reasons and in some secrecy so that she could present it as her husband’s final effort.
	www.balletmet.org /Notes/REQUIEM.HTM (2356 words)

	03-09-01 Corvallis-OSU Symphony Orchestra presents Mozart's Requiem (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Mozart, convinced that he had been commissioned to write his own requiem, fell ill - perhaps even poisoned by Salieri - and died.
		The commission of the requiem had special significance as it was intended to commemorate the year anniversary of the passing of his wife.
		Although he was not Mozart's most distinguished student, he was with Mozart during his final days and had worked closely with him on the composition.
	oregonstate.edu /dept/ncs/newsarch/2001/Mar01/requiem.htm (513 words)

	Music Review: W. A. Mozart - "Requiem"
		Mozart is renowned for being a musical child prodigy, and throughout his lifetime he composed many symphonies, concertos and operas.
		The Requiem opens with Requiem aeternam, the "eternal requiem." This is a song of grief, with a slow tempo, somber notes, and the plea to God imploring an eternal requiem for those lost.
		Mozart's Requiem is pleasant to the ears and calming to the soul.
	www.teenink.com /Past/2002/September/Music/WAMozart.html (534 words)

	The Web Site of Christian Campos - Music - MIDI - Requiem
		Of this 30 measure peice Mozart composed the first 2 measures for the violin parts and the first 8 for measures for the chorus and the 'cello.
		Mozart's voice and 'cello composing with the brass and rest of strings arranged by Sussmyar, excluding short stints composed by Mozart (i.e.
		Violin I and II parts measures one and two were composed by Mozart, along with measure one of the 'cello parts, the rest was done by Sussmyar 9.
	www.fortunecity.com /campus/german/505/midis/requiem.html (296 words)

	SignOnSanDiego.com > News > Features -- Mozart's Requiem brings noteworthy close to 29-day fest
		During the Mainly Mozart Festival's season-closing performance of Mozart's Requiem, the “Dies Irae”; erupted with startling force.
		This was the mighty side of Mozart, the fierce aspect of a cultural icon also known for his tenderness.
		Mozart's “Coronation” Mass – composed in 1779, when Mozart was 23 – reflects the virtues of virtuosity and piety, opera as well as church traditions.
	www.signonsandiego.com /news/features/20060626-9999-1c26mozart.html (546 words)

	Requiem by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart - Exultate Chamber Orchestra and Choir
		Requiem by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart - Exultate Chamber Orchestra and Choir
		When Mozart died in the early morning hours of December 5, 1791, he left his final masterpiece, the Requiem, unfinished. Less than three months later, a completed score of the Requiem was delivered to its anonymous commissioner.
		Mozart's students Freystädtler and Eybler filled in some of the orchestration, but it fell to Franz Xaver Süssmayr to actually complete the score. Busy composing an opera of his own, Süssmayr rushed to meet the February deadline imposed by the mysterious Messenger.
	www.exultate.org /mozartrequiem.html (944 words)

	MasterWorks Chorale & Auburn Chamber Orchestra - Mozart Requiem
		When Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart died in Vienna in 1791, not having reached his thirty-sixth birthday, he left to the world a catalogue of works, which in size, variety and mastery is the most prodigious in musical history.
		Nevertheless, Mozart's rapid deterioration and death while composing the Requiem is the subject of many fabulous accounts of his final days.
		It is beyond question however, that Mozart's genius, the dedication of his friends and students, and the passion of two centuries of audiences have made the Mozart Requiem just that; a memorial requiem to Mozart himself.
	www.dreamscape.com /halwaysys/mchorale/Mozart/program.html (1399 words)

	Carnegie Hall -- About Mozart's Requiem
		"Mozart Requiem, Levin Completion." These words, from the program of the October 27 opening concert of the Orchestra of St. Luke's 2005–2006 season at Carnegie Hall, refer in perhaps the briefest way imaginable to one of the most dramatic myths in music history, and one of its most astounding masterpieces.
		In fact, Mozart knew he would probably die before finishing the work, and so discussed it with his friend and pupil Franz Xaver Süssmayr, who completed the score two months after Mozart's death at the request of Constanze, the composer's wife.
		This was accepted as closest to Mozart's intent, but in the succeeding two centuries, the temptation to tinker what many have viewed as a rather plodding, "un-Mozartean" adaptation by a good student has resulted in revisions from musicians and musicologists alike, including Richard Strauss, Bruno Walter, and Sir Thomas Beecham.
	www.carnegiehall.org /article/box_office/art_mozart_requiem.html (453 words)

	classical music - andante - mozart's requiem as rorschach test
		With all the activity that Mozart's Requiem has inspired and continues to inspire, among performers and scholars alike, one could make the case that the best thing that ever happened to the piece was its having been left unfinished.
		Even amid the Requiem's exhaustive representation in the catalogue, both these discs are welcome — particularly now that so many older recordings seem, conceptually speaking, to have gotten the piece wrong.
		Since the Requiem is the single most forward-looking piece in Mozart's output — and since, as a masterpiece left unfinished by a dying composer, it was so appealing to the Romantic mindset — it has inspired a Romantic-era performance practice that has often abandoned common sense altogether when it comes to size.
	www.andante.com /article/article.cfm?id=21499 (1285 words)

	The Mozart Requiem
		Most "traditional" editions (like Kalmus and Peters) include everything Mozart and Süssmayer wrote and call it the "Requiem" but there are new versions coming out seemingly every year; the one recently recorded by the Boston Baroque (Telarc CD-80410) has a totally new completion by Robert Levin which sheds some new light on the piece.
		The truth be told, the only thing we have from Mozart in the entire "Tuba Mirum" are the vocal parts and the trombone solo, with some wind and string parts beginning to appear around bar 44.
		For the Requiem, we don't have this additional source material, but there is surely no reason to doubt the appropriateness of Süssmayer's addition of "colle parte" trombones.
	www.yeodoug.com /articles/text/mozartreq.html (2088 words)

	Gottfried Weber, Abbe Stadler and the Requiem. - MozartForum
		After a number of dubious premises, Weber came to the conclusion that the commissioner of the "Requiem" was given Mozart's original composition and that Sussmayr later patched together a second requiem and that this was then published by Breitkopf and Hartel.
		Andre announced to a surprised readership that he would show that the parts of the "Requiem" composed by Mozart were in fact composed at a much earlier date and re-used by Mozart in 1791.
		The controversy regarding the authorship of the "Requiem" continued with the publication in Vienna early in 1826 of a reply by Abbe Stadler dedicated to "all true Mozart lovers".
	www.mozartforum.com /VB_forum/showthread.php?t=467 (1187 words)

	Order: Choral Singing Teaching for Mozart Requiem
		Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart wrote the Requiem mass in D minor (K. 626) in 1791.
		The complexity of the Domine Jesu, with its frequent use of counterpoint and three fugues, would be very unlikely as the work of Süssmayr, given the nature of the Hosanna fugue which he did compose.
		Some scholars believe that when Mozart stopped work on the Requiem, he was still well and had no idea that his death was impending (and thus wouldn't have bothered telling Süssmayr anything).
	www.rehearsalarts.com /products/mozart-requiem.html (736 words)

	Amadeus--Requiem (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		And then Mozart dies; as Salieri describes it, God kills Mozart to insure that Salieri won't be able to have even one shred of glory.
		The sequence ends with Mozarts funeral--which seems dismal enough--the Lacrymosa of the Requiem in the background, Stanzi and her son walking in the rain next to the catafalque.
		Mozart, thinking that Salieri is the other masked figure, desperately presents Salieri with the finished Kyrie, hoping that will buy his some more time.
	www.mindspring.com /~jamesthomas/Requiem.htm (917 words)

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