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Topic: Respiration (physiology)

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Gas exchange

Breathing gas

Apnea

Mechanical respiration

Salt water aspiration syndrome

Oxygen toxicity

Huff and Puff Apparatus

ECMO

Aquatic respiration

Pulmonary

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy

Control of respiration

Gas embolism

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	respiration - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about respiration
		Aerobic respiration is a complex process of chemical reactions in which oxygen is used to break down glucose into carbon dioxide and water.
		Respiration at the cellular level is termed internal respiration, and in all higher organisms occurs in the mitochondria.
		Respiration – the release of energy within cells – is a complex series of reactions which employs about 70 different enzymes that act as catalysts.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /respiration (1761 words)

	Respiration (physiology) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Respiration is the process by which an organism obtains energy by reacting oxygen with glucose to give water, carbon dioxide and ATP (energy).
		Respiration takes place on a cellular level whereas breathing is on a different level.
		Respiration takes place in the mitochondria of the cells and provide the cells with energy.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Respiration_(physiology) (194 words)

	AllRefer.com - respiration (Anatomy And Physiology) - Encyclopedia
		The term now refers to the overall process by which oxygen is abstracted from air and is transported to the cells for the oxidation of organic molecules while carbon dioxide (CO) and water, the products of oxidation, are returned to the environment.
		Organisms that utilize respiration to obtain energy are aerobic, or oxygen-dependent.
		Some organisms can live in the absence of oxygen and obtain energy from fuel molecules solely by fermentation or glycolysis; these anaerobic processes are much less efficient, since the fuel molecules are merely converted to end products such as lactic acid and ethanol, with relatively little energy-rich ATP produced during these conversions.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/R/respirat.html (255 words)

	Plant Physiology: Photosynthesis, Respiration and Transpiration (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		O, Respiration — the process of metabolizing (burning) sugars to yield energy for growth, reproduction and other life processes, and Transpiration — the loss of water vapor through the stomata of leaves.
		Notice that the equation for respiration is the opposite of photosynthesis.
		Again, respiration is the burning of sugars for energy to grow and do the internal work of living.
	www.ext.colostate.edu /pubs/garden/07710.html (1157 words)

	Plant Physiology Online: Role of Respiration in Desiccation Tolerance
		Respiration exerts a dual effect on the survival of plant cells undergoing water loss.
		Sufficient respiration is necessary to generate the chemical energy required for the production of molecules that protect against the adverse effects of water loss.
		If initially, rapidly respiring systems nevertheless tolerate desiccation to the air-dry state with the help of a superior antioxidant defense, then they tend to be more short-lived than less metabolically active systems.
	www.plantphys.net /article.php?ch=e&id=128 (1353 words)

	PHYSIOLOGY
		He was born in Timisoara in 1806 and he finished the first Book of Physiology in 1830, which uses for the first time Romanian anatomical and physiological terminology and was to appear in Buda, under the title: "Anthropology" or "Brief Approacha to Man and his Features".
		The history of Physiology begins in the university year 1945-1946, at the time when the head of the Department was Professor Ilie Georgescu (1905-1963), M.D., Ph.D., "Docteur de L`Université de Paris", "Magna cum laudae".
		Physiology is studied during three semesters, the lectures being designed to assure the knowledge of Clinical Physiology, taking into account the latest scientific information.
	www.umft.ro /en/faculties/physiology.html (1160 words)

	USU CROP PHYSIOLOGY LABORATORY: RESEARCH: RESPIRATION/CARBON USE EFFICIENCY
		In contrast, respiration is widely accepted to double with each 10 ºC increase in temperature, but this relationship is derived from short-term (hours) measurements in mature organisms.
		Respiration is widely accepted to double with each 10C increase in temperature (a 100% increase), but this relationship is derived from short-term (hours) measurements in mature organisms.
		While both components may play a role in determining respiration rates, their relative contributions are poorly characterized, and we do not understand the short-term respiratory adaption of plant communities to environmental changes such as warm sunny days followed by cool cloudy days.
	www.usu.edu /cpl/research_CUE.htm (1548 words)

	Aquatic respiration: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		A respirometer is a device used to measure the rate of respiration of a living organism by measuring its rate of exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide....
		Gas exchange or respiration takes place at a respiratory surface - a boundary between the external environment and the interior of the body....
		Control of respiration refers to the physiological mechanisms involved in the control of respiration (physiology)....
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/a/aq/aquatic_respiration.htm (675 words)

	Blood Gas Text
		Respiration is the total process of delivering oxygen to the cells and carrying away the byproduct of metabolism, carbon dioxide.
		Respiration includes gas exchange in the lungs, circulation of gases through the blood stream, and transfer of gases at the cellular level.
		The area of the brain stem that controls respiration is directly responsive to increases in acid concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid, producing increased respirations.
	www.madsci.com /manu/gas_gas.htm (2322 words)

	AZ Master Gardener Manual: Physiology
		The three major plant functions that are the basics for plant growth and development are photosynthesis, respiration, and transpiration.
		One of the major differences between plants and animals on earth is the ability of plants to internally manufacture their own food.
		Respiration occurs in all life forms and in all cells.
	ag.arizona.edu /pubs/garden/mg/botany/physiology.html (1527 words)

	RESPIRATION PHYSIOLOGY: ALVEOLAR GAS EXCHANGE -- Review of Partial Pressure
		For example, dry air is composed of approximately 21% oxygen (actually 20.9%), and 79% nitrogen (actually, nitrogen is closer to 78%, with the remaining 1% consisting mainly of argon; for purposes of respiration, we usually lump the inert gases with nitrogen).
		The one gas to which this applies in a normal respiration is water.
		The lungs and airways are always moist, and inspired gas is rapidly saturated with water vapor in the upper segments of the respiratory system.
	www.acbrown.com /lung/Lectures/RsAlvl/RsAlvlPrtl.htm (887 words)

	Syllabi 2004-2005 B-KUL-E04A2A Respiration and Kidney
		The aims of this course are acquisition of insight into and practice of morphological and physiological aspects of respiration and kidney.
		The aim of the seminars for the part of physiology is the practice of a number of important concepts of kidney and respiration physiology.
		For the part of morphology, the aim is to recognize and interpret important elements of the microscopic structure of kidneys and lungs, and to become familiarized with the histological build-up of the discussed organs by means of microscopic investigation of coloured preparations.
	www.kuleuven.ac.be /onderwijs/aanbod2004/syllabi/E04A2AE.htm (859 words)

	Respiration physiology - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Start the Respiration physiology article or add a request for it.
		Look for Respiration physiology in Wiktionary, our sister dictionary project.
		Look for Respiration physiology in the Commons, our repository for free images, music, sound, and video.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/respiration__physiology_ (135 words)

	BSCI 441: Mammalian Physiology Lab4:Regulation of Respiration
		In the previous set of laboratories, you already noticed that respiration temporarily stop during the stimulation of an intact or the cephalic end of a cut vagus nerve.
		Prepare an animal for recording BP and respiration as described in the previous exercise.
		A respirator may be used only in times of distress, i.e., to save the animal if BP falls and breathing fails.
	www.life.umd.edu /classroom/bsci440/higgins/BSCI441/lab4.htm (630 words)

	Lawn Care
		Storage products are utilized for respiration during periods of stress to help maintain the plant when photosynthesis is not occurring or occurring at a low level.
		In spring (condition 2) photosynthesis increases because it is cool and sunny, respiration is minimal because of cool temperatures, and growth is naturally increasing which slightly depletes storage.
		During the heat of summer (condition 4) photosynthesis is down because of the temperature, respiration is up also because of the temperature, growth is reduced, and storage decreases because it is being used to supply respiration.
	pasture.ecn.purdue.edu /~epados/lawn/extra/OLD/srcold2/physiology.htm (2068 words)

	Plant Physiology
		Research into the mechanism of photosynthesis centers on understanding the structure of the photosynthetic components and the molecular processes that use radiant energy to drive carbohydrate synthesis.
		The research involves several disciplines, including physics, biophysics, chemistry, structural biology, biochemistry, molecular biology and physiology, and serves as an outstanding example of the success of multidisciplinary research.
		Because all the energy fixed by the plant is converted into sugar, it is theoretically possible to determine plant's energy uptake by measuring the amount of sugar produced.
	www.mrgrow.com /content/physio.htm (1143 words)

	Physiololgy I Chapter (shallow water blackout) from Freedive by Terry Maas and David Sipperly
		Our job in Physiology-part 1 is to help you understand the physiology of breath-holding and relate it to the inherent dangers of freediving.
		We'll start by addressing the mechanics of respiration, the gases of respiration, the human physiologic adaptations to breath-holding underwater and flouts.
		Respiration is the exchange of gases-oxygen and carbon dioxide-between your lungs and the cells of your body.
	www.freedive.net /freedive/chapters/physio_1.html (702 words)

	[No title]
		] A device for maintaining artificial respiration to protect the respiratory tract against irritating and poisonous gases, fumes, smoke, and dusts, with or without equipment supplying oxygen or air; some types have a fitting which covers the nose and mouth.
		] Sudden cessation of spontaneous respiration due to failure of the respiratory center.
		] The ratio of volumes of carbon dioxide evolved and oxygen consumed during a given period of respiration.
	www.accessscience.com /Dictionary/R/R20/DictR20.html (2741 words)

	Plant Respiration and Elevated Atmospheric CO2 Concentration: Cellular Responses and Global Significance -- ...
		to detect the effects of CO on the total activity of mitochondrial respiration (Vt), the activity of the cytochrome pathway (vcyt) and the activity of the alternative pathway (valt).
		A quantitative analysis of dark respiration and carbon content as factors in the growth response of plants to elevated CO Australian Journal of Botany 40: 501–513.
		The influence of increasing growth temperature and CO concentration on the ratio of respiration to photosynthesis in soybean seedlings.
	aob.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/94/5/647 (7083 words)

	TTUHSC Physiology: Davies Laboratory (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Dutton RE, Davies DG, Ghatak PK and Fitzgerald RS: Respiration during transient perfusion of the vertebral arteries with hypocapnic blood.
		Dutton RE, Ghatak PK and Davies DG: Regulation of respiration during ramp forcing of the carotid chemoreceptors with hypoxic blood.
		Davies DG: Regulation of respiration during cerebral acidosis in the turtle, Chrysemys Scripta Elegans.
	www.ttuhsc.edu /SOM/physiology/Davies/cv.htm (2069 words)

	Elsevier Author Gateway (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Respiratory Physiology and Neurobiology publishes original articles and invited reviews concerning the field of respiration in its broadest sense.
		Papers on clinical aspects, articles on original methods, as well as theoretical papers are also considered as long as they foster the understanding of respiratory physiology.
		Researchers in respiratory-, pulmonary- and circulatory physiology, and neurobiology.
	authors.elsevier.com /JournalDetail.html?PubID=622727&Precis=DESC (54 words)

	EDUCATION
		At the first step morphological and functional features of muscle, types of muscle, excitation of the striate muscle, excitable cells, membrane potentials, action potential, contraction of muscle are given.
		Cardiac muscle, origin and spread of excitation in the heart, electrocardiogram, vessels, dynamics of circulation, arterial pressure, air passages, alveol, mechanics of respiration, diffusion of gases, pulmonary circulation, pulmonary function tests.
		Exercise, training, maximal oxygen consumption, circulation and respiration in exercise, hormonal changes during exercise.
	www.medicine.ankara.edu.tr /basic_medical/physiology/education.htm (559 words)

	USU CROP PHYSIOLOGY LABORATORY: TEACHING
		Crop Physiology provides a link between the cellular and biochemical analysis in plant physiology and more applied aspects of plant growth.
		The basic concepts and approaches are applicable to all types of plants, from petunias to potatoes to plums; grown in pots or in soil, in greenhouses or in the field.
		Emphasis will be placed on the relationship between environmental parameters (radiation, temperature, water, nutrients), and their effect on physiological processes (photosynthesis, respiration), and plant responses (leaf expansion, partitioning of dry mass, water status, and transpiration).
	www.usu.edu /cpl/teaching_CPlecture.htm (382 words)

	Molecular, Cellular and Systems Physiology at Dartmouth \| Walter St. John
		Graduate study was performed at the University of North Carolina in Chapel Hill from which a Ph.D. degree in Physiology was obtained in 1970.
		John has been on the faculty of Dartmouth Medical School since 1976 and is presently Professor of Physiology.
		It has long been recognized that normal ventilatory activity can be supported by the brainstem portion of the central nervous system.
	www.dartmouth.edu /~physiol/faculty/st.john.html (497 words)

	Respiration - Karger Publishers
		'Respiration' brings together the results of both clinical and experimental investigations on all aspects of the respiratory system in health and disease.
		Clinical improvements in the diagnosis and treatment of chest and lung diseases are covered, as are the latest findings in physiology, biochemistry, pathology, immunology and pharmacology.
		Most recently, 'Respiration' has become home to the EAB, which will occupy a dedicated section in the journal.
	content.karger.com /ProdukteDB/produkte.asp?Aktion=JournalHome&ProduktNr=224278&ContentOnly=false (267 words)

	Articles - Respiration (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Respiration is a term used in both biology and biochemistry:
		* Respiration (physiology), the process of exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide between an organism and its external environment
		* Cellular respiration, the process in which the chemical bonds of energy-rich molecules such as glucose are converted into energy usable for life processes, represented in chemical nomenclature as "C
	www.mupin.com /articles/Respiration (173 words)

	Studies of respiratory physiology in children; I. Mechanics of respiration and lung volumes in 85 normal children 5 to ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Studies of respiratory physiology in children; I. Mechanics of respiration and lung volumes in 85 normal children 5 to 17 years of age -- Helliesen et al.
		Studies of respiratory physiology in children; I. Mechanics of respiration and lung volumes in 85 normal children 5 to 17 years of age
		The Physiology of normal and abnormal respiration is currently considered
	pediatrics.aappublications.org /cgi/content/abstract/22/1/80 (272 words)

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