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Topic: Respiration

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	Cellular respiration - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Cellular respiration is the process in which the chemical bonds of energy-rich molecules such as glucose are converted into energy usable for life processes.
		Cellular respiration is the same process but it occurs in gradual steps that result in the conversion of the energy stored in glucose to usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.
		Respiration is the process by which cells obtain energy when oxygen is present in the cell.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cellular_respiration (1146 words)

	Respiration - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Respiration by individual organisms is the use of oxygen or the production of carbon dioxide or heat by the organism.
		Respiration in plants is offset by photosynthesis that uses carbon dioxide and produces dioxygen during daylight hours.
		Cellular respiration is the process in which the chemical bonds of energy-rich molecules such as glucose are converted into energy usable for life processes, represented in chemical nomenclature as "C
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Respiration (215 words)

	respiration - HighBeam Encyclopedia
		In biochemistry, respiration refers to the series of biochemical oxidations in which organic molecules are converted to carbon dioxide and water while the chemical energy thus obtained is trapped in a form useful to the cell.
		Thus, in the overall process of cellular respiration, the fuel molecules are converted to carbon dioxide and water while the chemical energy gained is trapped in a useful form as ATP.
		The science of respiration and the doctrine of the bodily winds in ancient India.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-respirat.html (1121 words)

	Artificial Respiration - MSN Encarta
		Artificial Respiration, forcing of air into and out of the lungs of one person by another person or by mechanical means.
		It is usually employed during suspension of natural respiration caused by disease, such as poliomyelitis or cardiac failure; by electric shock; by an overdose of depressive drugs such as morphine, barbiturates, or alcohol; or by suffocation resulting from drowning, breathing noxious gases, or blockage of the respiratory tract.
		Mechanical devices for the administration of artificial respiration include a portable resuscitator used by police and fire departments and the heart-lung machine used to maintain oxygen saturation in the blood during open-heart surgery.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761562617/Artificial_Respiration.html (627 words)

	respiration
		Respiration is a key feature of life and is carried out by all living cells.
		Aerobic respiration is a complex process of chemical reactions in which oxygen is used to break down glucose into carbon dioxide and water.
		Respiration sometimes occurs without oxygen, and this is called anaerobic respiration.
	www.tiscali.co.uk /reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0007901.html (469 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Cellular respiration is, in its broadest definition, the process in which the chemical bonds of energy-rich molecules such as glucose are converted into energy usable for life processes.
		In respiration, the process of oxidation is broken down into a large number of steps.
		Anaerobic respiration releases a total of two ATP molecules (compare to the 38 of aerobic respiration).
	wikiwhat.com /encyclopedia/c/ce/cellular_respiration.html (366 words)

	Respiratory System - MSN Encarta
		Oxygen in the air moves from the lungs through blood vessels to the heart, which pumps the oxygen-rich blood to all parts of the body.
		In the cells, oxygen is used in a separate energy-producing process called cellular respiration, which produces carbon dioxide as a byproduct.
		The second phase of respiration begins with the movement of carbon dioxide from the cells to the bloodstream.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761577180/Respiratory_System.html (1160 words)

	Plant Physiology: Photosynthesis, Respiration and Transpiration (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		O, Respiration — the process of metabolizing (burning) sugars to yield energy for growth, reproduction and other life processes, and Transpiration — the loss of water vapor through the stomata of leaves.
		Notice that the equation for respiration is the opposite of photosynthesis.
		Again, respiration is the burning of sugars for energy to grow and do the internal work of living.
	www.ext.colostate.edu /pubs/garden/07710.html (1157 words)

	Alternative Respiration
		Alternative respiration is especially active in roots due to its relation to oxygen uptake, which is the result of phosphate uptake occurring in roots.
		During the alternative respiration process oxygen is consumed and through a reaction with the electrons transported to the AOX and a proton, water is yielded.
		cytochrome respiration is blocked in situation of proton excess at the inter membrane space in relation to the matrix.
	www.tau.ac.il /~ecology/virtau/2-elitsur/ey.htm (2113 words)

	Respiration
		In terms of the general energy budget respiration R is defined as:
		I.e., respiration is that part of assimilated energy A that is converted into heat, directly or via mechanical work.
		Respiration R, however, is just energy lost from the organism as heat; although it may be expressed in material equivalents of energy such as oxygen or carbon (-> conversion factors).
	www.awi-bremerhaven.de /Benthic/Ecosystem/FoodWeb/Handbook/respir/ZIntro.html (228 words)

	artificial respiration - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION [artificial respiration] any measure that causes air to flow in and out of a person's lungs when natural breathing is inadequate or ceases, as in respiratory paralysis, drowning, electric shock, choking, gas or smoke inhalation, or poisoning.
		Respiration can be taken over by an artificial lung (especially in respiratory paralysis), a pulmotor, or any other type of mechanical respirator (see resuscitator).
		Influence of trinexapac-ethyl on respiration of isolated wheat mitochondria.
	www.encylopedia.com /html/a/artifResp.asp (557 words)

	Respiration (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Respiration burns or oxidizes the glucose produced by photosynthesis and provides usable energy for both plants and animals.
		Respiration is initiated in the cytoplasm, and completed in the mitochondria.
		Anaerobic respiration and fermentation are two forms of respiration carried out by certain bacteria and other organisms in the absence of oxygen.
	www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de /b-online/library/falk/Respiration/respiration.htm (755 words)

	Pulmonology - Respiration
		Respiration, which means "breathe again", is very critical for life because it is necessary to supply all parts of de body with oxygen and to get rid of the produced carbon dioxide.
		Inhalation is initiated by the contraction of both the diaphragm and the external intercostal (between the ribs) muscles, which cause expansion of the vertical and horizontal dimension of the thorax (including the lungs) respectively.
		The control of respiration is mainly affected by the efficiency of gas exchange and ventilation.
	www.pul.unimaas.nl /respir.htm (1825 words)

	Respiration
		This change in water availability is reflected in the apple snails respiration system: a combination of both a gill and a lung.
		Aerial respiration is a efficient way to overcome this lack of oxygen in the water and is not only used by snails, but also certain fishes have developed an organ to derive oxygen from air (for example labyrinth fishes like Betta splendens and others).
		The number of body contractions (and thus respirations) varies from 10 to 18 and the duration of each contraction is approximately 1 second.
	www.applesnail.net /content/anatomy/respiration.php (883 words)

	Respiration
		When these bonds are broken during respiration the energy is ultimately transferred to ATP, which is then moved about cells and organisms to power their needs
		Respiration = the means by which the energy of the sun, captured during photosynthesis, is transferred to ATP and made available for the energy requirements of the cell
		Anaerobic respiration yields only 2 ATP's from glycolysis because there is no Krebs cycle nor electron transport chain.
	arnica.csustan.edu /boty1050/Respiration/respiration.htm (1007 words)

	Soil Respiration Measurements
		Soil respiration is measured on a weekly basis during the summer months and biweekly to monthly during the fall, winter and spring.
		Respiration peaked in the warmer summer months and declined during the winter.
		This increase is the result of drying out of the wetland, which permits better aeration for soil microorganisms that decompose the accumulated peat and thereby emit more CO The effects of drought on soil respiration rates at the Howland Forest were less pronounced than the effects observed at the Harvard Forest.
	www.whrc.org /new_england/Howland_Forest/soil_respiration.htm (321 words)

	Respiration
		Respiration is the release of energy from glucose or another organic chemical.
		Aerobic Respiration is the normal form of respiration.
		Anaerobic Respiration also releases energy from glucose but not so much I mole of glucose will produce 118 Kilojoules of energy.
	www.sambal.co.uk /respiration.html (195 words)

	Cellular Respiration (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In organisms capable of undergoing cellular respiration, however, both NADH and pyruvate may be further oxidized to generate additional ATP.
		A central molecule in cellular respiration, one to which all proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates must be converted prior to participation in cellular respiration.
		Note also that for humans and other aerobic respirators, this means that cellular respiration cannot occur in the absence of oxygen.
	www.mansfield.ohio-state.edu /~sabedon/biol1100.htm (2196 words)

	deadwood
		We have begun examining the contribution of DDW to the forest carbon budget at Howland Forest by measuring the pool size and respiration rate of the DDW pool.
		Respiration of DDW is measured on logs of two common species (spruce and fir) stratifying by stage of decay.
		Respiration rates were measured in the field at ambient temperatures by circulating air between the closed container and an infrared gas analyzer (same as that used for soil respiration) for 15 minutes.
	www.whrc.org /test/new_england/Howland_Forest/deadwood_respiration.htm (254 words)

	What is respiration? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Respiration is not just a gas exchange, oxygen for carbon dioxide.
		Cellular respiration a complex series of chemical reactions where sugars are broken down to release energy by the use of oxygen.
		It is commonly thought that organisms with some form of respiratory system can respire and that is true, animals undergo cellular respiration, but we are not alone.
	sciences.aum.edu /bi/BI4523/student/cardwell/whatis.html (128 words)

	PP Systems - Soil Respiration System (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The method of measuring soil respiration is that described by Dr. K.J. Parkinson in 1981, where a chamber of known volume is placed on the soil and the rate of increase in CO within the chamber is monitored.
		The system can be readily adapted to animal respiration studies or to other measurements of CO gas exchange, and we would be pleased to discuss any alternative customer requirements.
		The soil respiration measurement will automatically terminate if the system CO concentration increases more than 60 ppm or if there is an elapsed time of 120 seconds from placement of the chamber on the soil.
	www.ppsystems.com /soil.html (491 words)

	RESPIRATORY SYSTEM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		External Respiration is the exchange of gases between the atmosphere and the blood.
		Internal Respiration is the exchange of gases between the blood and the cells of the body.
		Respiration is a vital function of all living organisms.
	www.sirinet.net /~jgjohnso/respiratory.html (2347 words)

	SparkNotes: Introduction to Cell Respiration: Respiration
		Respiration refers to the acquisition of energy from food.
		Respiration that involves oxygen is called aerobic respiration while that lacking oxygen is called anaerobic.
		The mitochondria is the main cellular structure involved in respiration.
	www.sparknotes.com /biology/cellrespiration/intro/section3.rhtml (301 words)

	Respiration
		Few plants respire as fast as animals; exceptions are plants in the Araceae where the spadix generates heat through respiration in order to attract pollinators.
		When we looked at membranes we saw how the breakdown of ATP could be used to push ions and molecules up a concentration gradient across a membrane.
		Respiration occurs in three phases, glycolysis, the TCA cycle and electron transport or energy conversion.
	www.hcs.ohio-state.edu /hcs300/respire.htm (878 words)

	Take a look at Cellular Respiration!
		Tissue respiration is the release of energy, usually from cellular respiration glucose, in the tissues of all animals, green plants, fungi and bacteria.
		Tissue respiration respiration is the release of energy, usually from glucose, in the tissues of all animals, green plants, fungi and bacteria.
		In cellular respiration eukaryotes, oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the mitochondrial cristae.
	charge51.sitesled.com (2132 words)

	Aerobic Respiration
		Aerobic respiration is the release of energy from glucose or another organic substrate in the presence of Oxygen.
		Strictly speaking aerobic means in air, but it is the Oxygen in the air which is necessary for aerobic respiration.
		Anaerobic respiration is in the absence of air.
	www.purchon.com /biology/aerobic.htm (482 words)

	Respiration
		Respiration is the process by which animals take in oxygen necessary for cellular metabolism and release the carbon dioxide that accumulates in their bodies as a result of the expenditure of energy.
		The lungs in air breathing vertebrates are large organs of respiration located in the chest cavity.
		To reduce the amount of energy used in respiration some insects use the discontinuous ventilation cycle (DVC) which is composed of open, closed, and intermediate flutter phases.
	www.cartage.org.lb /en/themes/Sciences/Zoology/AnimalPhysiology/Respiration/Respiration.htm (7813 words)

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