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Topic: Response bias

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	FAQ - Response Rate - About Us - Press Ganey Associates, Inc.
		Response bias is a concern when the scores differ by type of customer and the under-represented groups comprise a sizable proportion of the entire customer base.
		One way to mitigate nonresponse bias is to ensure that all eligible participants have an equal opportunity to be selected for a survey and that random sampling (or a census) is used.
		Response bias is a concern when two conditions are met: (1) the scores differ by type of respondent and (2) the under-represented groups comprise a sizable proportion of the respondents.
	www.pressganey.com /about_us/FAQs/FAQ_response_rate.php (1259 words)

	Central Washington University - Diversity Education Center : Bias Response Plan
		A bias crime is a criminal offense committed against a person or property which is motivated by the offender's bias against the victim's race, religion, ethnicity or national origin, or sexual orientation.
		Bias Motivated Incident is an action in which a person is made aware that her/his status is offensive to another, but does not rise to the level of a crime.
		To report a bias incident, sufficient objective facts must be present to lead a reasonable and prudent person to conclude that the offender's actions are motivated by bias toward the status of a targeted individual or a group.
	www.cwu.edu /~diversity/biasresponseplan.html (3360 words)

	Washington State Healthy Youth Survey - Technical Notes: Bias
		Bias represents systematic error and is different from the random fluctuation that is measured by confidence intervals.
		Bias might be present on the last items on the survey due to some students being unable to complete the questionnaire in the time allotted.
		Total response rates were calculated by dividing the number of completed surveys and the number of valid surveys by the number of students in all schools recruited for the state sample, based on 2004 enrollment figures.
	www3.doh.wa.gov /hys/ASPX/HYSBias.aspx (3292 words)

	Quirks.com: Article Archive [Single Article]
		To control for non-response bias due to differences in acculturation, interviewing must be routinely conducted in Spanish in statewide surveys; and in some counties it must be conducted in Mandarin, Cantonese or Vietnamese to obtain representative samples.
		While refusals have great potential to induce non-response bias, the mere fact that respondents refuse to participate in surveys is not necessarily evidence of the existence of nonresponse bias-except perhaps in extreme cases.
		They tend to use survey response rate as a sort of catchall indicator of the quality of the survey effort; and surveyors who want to keep their clients are well advised to manage their client's perception of non-response rates carefully.
	www.quirks.com /articles/article.asp?arg_ArticleId=939. (4477 words)

	Association for Consumer Research
		The extremity response or leniency, involves consistent use of endpoints of a scale (which are labeled) as opposed to all points of a scale (which are unlabeled).
		Acquiescence bias in the elderly is proposed to be due to older people’s inclination to exhibit more favorable attitudes and to agree with statements regardless of their content.
		In general, response bias increased with the age of the respondent.
	www.acrwebsite.org /topic.asp?artid=203 (651 words)

	Response rates and response bias for 50 surveys of pediatricians Health Services Research - Find Articles
		A survey's response rate is a conventional proxy for the amount of response bias contained in that study.
		The objectives in doing this were (1) to monitor response rates across time, (2) to examine systematic response bias for several different pediatrician characteristics, and (3) to explore response bias as a function of survey response rates.
		This provides a conservative estimate of response rate that does not try to adjust the denominator post hoc to exclude doctors whose addresses were bad or whose survey responses indicated that they should not have been included in the target sample.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m4149/is_1_40/ai_n13477192 (844 words)

	University of Oregon Bias Response Team
		Bias is hard to define, but the following is a framework for what bias is may help someone decide if they are a target or witness of bias.
		Bias is any physical, spoken or written act of abuse, harassment, intimidation, use of vulgarity, cursing, making remarks of a personally destructive nature toward any other person, and any restriction or prevention of free movement of an individual.
		Bias occurs whether that act is, intentional or unintentional or is directed toward an individual or group regarding race, color, creed, national origin; Sex, sexual orientation, physical or mental disability, political, religious ideology, or any other distinguishing characteristic.
	www.uoregon.edu /~brt/what.htm (279 words)

	Test of competing explanations of the bizarre response bias in recognition memory - Statistical Data Included Journal ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Given this type of methodology, it is not clear whether the bizarre response bias is triggered by the target constituents included in the bizarre lures or by the nature of the relationship between the constituents of the bizarre lures.
		That is, the response bias could have been triggered by the presence of components from bizarre target items in the bizarre lures, or simply by the bizarre relationships depicted in the lures.
		The target--constituent explanation suggests that the bizarre response bias is the result of a sense of familiarity with the target components of the bizarre lures that is independent of the relationship depicted between the components.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m2405/is_1_129/ai_86431657 (847 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Response bias
		Response bias is a type of cognitive bias which can affect the results of a statistical survey if respondents answer questions in the way they think the questioner wants them to answer rather than according to their true beliefs.
		This may occur if the questioner is obviously angling for a particular answer (as in push polling) or if the respondent wishes to please the questioner by answering what appears to be the "morally right" answer.
		It also occurs in situations of voluntary response, such as phone-in polls, where the people who care enough to call are not necessarily a statistically representative sample of the actual population.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Response_bias (294 words)

	ERP 9:1 Detecting a Response Set to Likert-style Attitude Items with the Rating Model
		On the one hand these response sets are confounded with legitimate replies to item content and hence introduce errors of interpretation into the logical validity of scales, but on the other hand response styles are also stable and reliable components of performance, which may reflect consistent individual styles or personality traits.
		While the effects and importance of response set or bias remain equivocal, it is important that a test constructor becomes aware of items which, because of some peculiarity or other, elicit a response bias.
		A person with an agreement response bias, for example, who tends to agree rather than disagree with each item, would achieve a score which is an overestimate of his or her attitude if all items are worded in the positive direction, or an underestimate if all the items are worded in the negative direction.
	www.rasch.org /erp9.htm (2018 words)

	Bias Activity Response Program has training session (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		In response to a series of bias-related incidents reported on campus in the fall of 1998, President Hunter Rawlings reinforced the university's commitment to providing a "climate of civility, decency and respect for others on campus" in a January 1999 statement to the Cornell community.
		The goal of the program is to respond to bias activity by assisting victims, educating the university community on the existence of bias incidents and crimes and developing programs to address such activity.
		Bias Activity Reporting Team members, who are trained to take reports of bias incidents and crimes and assist with the referral of bias/discrimination complaints to the appropriate university offices;
	www.news.cornell.edu /http://www.news.cornell.edu/Chronicle/00/5.25.00/bias.html (545 words)

	Standard 4-4 : NCES Statistical Standards
		STANDARD 4-4-2: When unit nonresponse is high, nonresponse bias analysis must be conducted at the unit level to determine whether or not the data are missing at random and to assess the potential magnitude of unit nonresponse bias.
		One measure is the ratio of the bias to the standard error, using the base weight.
		STANDARD 4-4-3: When item nonresponse is high, nonresponse bias analysis must be conducted at the item level to determine whether or not the data are missing at random and to assess the potential magnitude of item nonresponse.
	nces.ed.gov /statprog/2002/std4_4.asp (1048 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		PURPOSE The Bias Response Protocol provides an organized response to bias incidents or hate crimes when they occur, and a mechanism to inform the person or group harmed and the community about the outcomes.
		Response: Offices such as AAEO, UNH Police, Conduct and Mediation, etc, are designated to receive reports, and respond to incidents and complaints of alleged discrimination and discriminatory harassment.
		Bias incident: Any conduct, speech or expression that demeans, degrades or harasses an individual or group based upon their membership in a protected category as recognized by law or UNH policy.
	www.unh.edu /vpsas/biasresponseprotocol_draft.doc (3513 words)

	Sampling Issues: Nonresponse
		This means that the obtained responses of a probability sample may no longer be representative of the larger population.
		In short, response bias can reduce a probability sample to what is essentially a convenience sample and consequently, the conclusions are much weaker.
		In my opinion, increasing the sample size to improve the precision of estimates is a poor trade-off with efforts to maximize the response rate and reduce response bias.
	edis.ifas.ufl.edu /PD008 (1065 words)

	Data Analysis Australia :: Analytical Ideas - Response Rates
		It is usually assumed that the higher the response rate, the more likely the results are representative of the population, provided the sampling is appropriate in the first place (and that people who don't respond are roughly the same in their opinions as the people who do respond).
		In general, a high response rate is likely to reduce such biases, however it is important not to overlook other types of bias which cannot be overcome by achieving a high response rate.
		In this case even a response rate of 95% would not guarantee that the results were free of bias because the data collection methodology chosen was inappropriate.
	www.daa.com.au /analyticalideas/responserates.html (1612 words)

	Bias -- Delgado-Rodríguez and Llorca 58 (8): 635 -- Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health
		Bias due to misclassification in the estimation of relative risk.
		Bias in using family history as a risk factor in case-control studies of disease.
		Bias due to non-differential misclassification of polytomous confounders.
	jech.bmj.com /cgi/content/full/58/8/635 (3185 words)

	RESPONSE CRITERION
		Response criterion refers to an operators set of rules that they develop when involved in a signal detection task.
		The curve on the left represents the probability that the detection of the signal is due to noise alone.
		Beta (ß) represents the response bias (ß) which is a ratio measure of neural activity.
	www.csulb.edu /org/hfes/responsecriterion.htm (350 words)

	EFFECT OF RESPONSE POSITION AND NUMBER OF RESPONSES ON
		Two studies [Whipple and McManamon 1992 and Sekely and Blakney 1994] found evidence that response-order bias should be of particular concern to one particular type of survey, that of the measurement of readership and receipt of trade magazines.
		Response order effects are assumed to arise from the difficulty respondents face in keeping in mind all the alternatives presented [Crano 1977)], and have been found to be more common when the list of alternatives is long [Schuman and Presser 1981].
		Sekely and Blakney (1994) examined response order effects that might be produced in a typical advertiser-sponsored study that measures readership and usage of the business-to-business publications in one industry.
	www.westga.edu /~bquest/2001/response.htm (3031 words)

	Dean of Students at Oregon State University
		The Bias Response Team (BRT) is coordinated by the Office of the Dean of Student Life to ensure a comprehensive response to campus situations.
		Bias incidents occur regardless of whether the act is legal, illegal, intentional, or unintentional.
		If a person is involved with a student bias situation, that person may contact the Bias Response Team at 737-SAFE or call the Office of the Dean of Student Life (ODOSL) at 737-8748 or report a bias incident at OSU online.
	oregonstate.edu /Dept/students/brt.html (763 words)

	Rittenhouse Book Distributors Healthcare & Medical Books - Browse Categories (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Detection of Response Bias in Forensic Neuropsychology examines strategies and procedures for determining the validity of results and the patient's motivation during neuropsychological testing.
		Detection of Response Bias in Forensic Neuropsychology examines the increasing need for practicing clinical neuropsychologists to identify response bias in their evaluations of a patient's neuropsychological impairment.
		The book presents major response bias detection strategies, addressing in each: whether the theory or technique has been tested; if it has been subjected to peer review and publication; the known or potential rate of error in applying the method; and to what extent the method has been accepted by the relevant scientific community.
	www.rittenhouse.com /product/product.asp?sku=0789020610&mscssid=C0FFQ2WJPTQE9GQBPTD5WJP2F1GP04A1 (334 words)

	A demonstration of the impact of response bias on the results of patient satisfaction surveys.
		The purposes of the present study were to examine patient satisfaction survey data for evidence of response bias, and to demonstrate, using simulated data, how response bias may impact interpretation of results.
		Simulation results suggest response bias could lead to overestimation of patient satisfaction overall, with this effect greatest for physicians with the lowest satisfaction scores.
		Findings suggest that response bias may significantly impact the results of patient satisfaction surveys, leading to overestimation of the level of satisfaction in the patient population overall.
	www.galenicom.com /medline/article/12479503/au:Gurwitz+JH (308 words)

	NLSCY- Data Quality
		As mentioned in Section 5, initially the response rates to the NLSCY were not as high as expected.
		The response rate to the LFS was approximately 95% in the time period in which the NLSCY sample was selected.
		In order to assess non-response bias for the 10 to 11 Questionnaire, characteristics of the children who answered at least half of the key questions (86.7%) were compared with those who did not (13.3%).
	www.ucalgary.ca /~libdata/adc/old_file_info/kids/k96-10.htm (3913 words)

	The Society for Research in Psychopathology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Previous research has shown that such a response bias was present in responses of mental retardation participants.
		Verbal IQ as defined by the vocabulary test was not related to the response bias on the COPE.
		The response bias found on the COPE inventory might be related to suggestibility, or be a product of working memory impairment, decreased attention span, or a simple lack of motivation when responding to complex questions.
	www.psychopathology.org /VPostingsDetail.asp?id=113 (268 words)

	Response Bias Correction in the Process Dissociation Procedure: A Re-evaluation?
		Our original analysis of the response bias issue is, in part, a critique of Buchner, Erdfelder and Vaterrodt-Plunnecke’s (1995; henceforth BandEandV-P) multinomial modeling exposition of the process dissociation procedure (henceforth PDP; Jacoby, 1991; Jacoby, Toth, and Yonelinas, 1993).
		In their response, rather than directly addressing the substantive issues that we raised, BandE focus their attention on what they considered to be more or less subtle problems in our framework.
		Another serious implication of their failure to explicitly consider relational assumptions in their multinomial exposition is that additional response bias corrections of the PDP were neglected.
	psych.utoronto.ca /~reingold/publications/Reingold_&_Wainwright_1996 (3879 words)

	Bias/Hate Crime Reponse and Prevention Plan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Rather, it provides or coordinates support to victims of such crimes and leadership in the community in the prevention of bias and hate crimes through education and collaborative community action against prejudice and bigotry.
		A recent change in the law allows for the perception of either the victim or the police officer regarding the bias motivation of the crime to cause it to be categorized as a hate crime.
		The Mayor or Commission Chair will promptly contact the victim(s) to offer support and determine what further response from the City or community the victim desires and may be appropriate.
	ci.edina.mn.us /Pages/L5-63b_BiasHateCrimePlan.htm (723 words)

	Response Bias
		This tutorial will examine techniques for preventing response bias in your survey efforts, as well as present two critical construction principles of effective survey questions.
		If your respondents are not clear on what is being asked in a question, their responses may result in data that cannot or should not be applied to your survey goals.
		A response set is the tendency for a respondent to answer a series of questions on a certain direction regardless of their content.
	knowledge-base.supersurvey.com /response-bias.htm (791 words)

	Response Bias in China - Marketing Research Roundtable
		The typical american responses to a 5-point satisfaction score are so skewed toward the positive that researchers have created new indices to try and find some value.
		With regards to the semantics issue that was broached above, I was wondering if perhaps "bias" might not have several meanings and when it is used in statistics it has a particular meaning, whether it has a negative connotation in a different circumstance or not.
		In other words, wouldn't bias here mean that it is the difference between the response given by the respondant and the response the researcher meant to receive for that respondant's situation.
	forum.researchinfo.com /showthread.php?t=1581 (1611 words)

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