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Topic: Restionaceae

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	Brown
		The dominant vegetation of the Cape Floristic Region is the fynbos which is typified by the presence of members of the Restionaceae (Cape reeds and grasses), the Proteaceae (Sugarbushes, pincushions and conebushes), Ericaceae (Cape heaths) and a number of other families, including the Asteraceae (Everlastings) and the Bruniaceae.
		The Restionaceae is a family of evergreen, rush-like plants which is almost restricted to the southern hemisphere.
		The African Restionaceae are relatively diverse in their seed dispersal mechanisms, which could be implicated in the survival of seeds during or after fires.
	www.bgci.org.uk /congress/congress_1998_cape/html/brown.htm (2864 words)

	..::treeBASE::.. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Restionaceae (Poales) are typical and often dominant elements in the "fynbos" vegetation of the Cape Floristic Region of Southern Africa and the kwongan vegetation of the South Western Floristic Province of Western Australia.
		Fossil pollen records provided a minimum age of the common ancestor of Australian and African Restionaceae as 64ñ71 Mya, and this date was used to calibrate a molecular clock.
		The substantial morphological and anatomical similarity between the African and Australian Restionaceae appear to preclude morphological innovations as possible explanations for the inter-continental differences.
	www.phylo.org /treebase/view/view_study.php?studyID=S987 (460 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Restionaceae: Query recent issues of the American Journal of Botany
		Restionaceae: holdings from Ecology & Evolutionary Biology Conservatory - University of Connecticut
		Restionaceae: Full family nomenclature from the INSPV Project
	www.csdl.tamu.edu /FLORA/cgi/gateway_family?fam=Restionaceae (107 words)

	Poales
		Centrolepidaceae + Restionaceae: anthers bisporangiate/monothecal, embryo sac with compound starch grains, cells of nucellar epidermis anticlinally elongated.
		Restionaceae are sometimes quite large herbs with very much reduced leaves; the flowers are small, imperfect but usually with a perianth, and aggregated into spikelets.
		Stem-group Restionaceae are dated to ca 96 mybp, the crown group diverge ca 74 mybp (Janssen and Bremer 2004).
	www.mobot.org /MOBOT/Research/APweb/orders/poalesweb.htm (7893 words)

	Phylogenetic relationships among Poaceae and related families as inferred from morphology, inversions in the plastid ...
		Linder H. 1992a The structure and evolution of the female flower of the African Restionaceae.
		Linder H. 1992b The gynoecia of Australian Restionaceae: morphology, anatomy and systematic implications.
		Linder H. Caddick 2001 Restionaceae seedlings: morphology, anatomy and systematic implications.
	www.amjbot.org /cgi/content/full/90/1/93 (8641 words)

	AAS-Biographical memoirs-Johnson
		In particular, Cutler, studying the anatomy of Restionaceae at Kew, noted numerous discrepancies between his findings and the existing classification(18) but was largely restrained from making taxonomic changes because the Australian members were under study by Johnson and Briggs.
		In parallel with the morphological study of Restionaceae, DNA sequencing of representative species was begun, with expert advice from John Thomson and Peter Weston and assistance from Simon Gilmore, and later Adam Marchant and Carolyn Porter.
		Harborne, J.B., Williams, C.A., Briggs, B.G., and Johnson, L.A.S. Flavonoid patterns and the phylogeny of the Restionaceae.
	www.science.org.au /academy/memoirs/johnson.htm (11571 words)

	FABI -The Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The project was initiated in 2000 and focuses on saprotrophic microfungi occurring on two austral plant families, the Proteaceae and the Restionaceae.
		Diversity of saprobic hyphomycetes on Proteaceae and Restionaceae from South Africa.
		New hyphomycetes from Restionaceae in the fynbos: Parasarcopodium ceratocaryi gen. & sp.
	fabinet.up.ac.za /personnel/showperson.php?id=slee (268 words)

	The Grange - Flora (Under Construction)
		While the composition of heathlands does vary, the families that are found in heathland are generally the same.
		Wet heathlands are dominated by the families Cyperaceae, Juncaceae, and Restionaceae and occur in soils that are seasonally waterlogged.
		Plants from the family Restionaceae are found in heathland areas, and sandy soils that are wet.
	home.vicnet.net.au /~grange/Families.html (1657 words)

	Poales
		This group basically corresponds to the Order Restionales in Cronquist's (1981) classification, except that he placed the grasses in the Order Cyperales.
		Since then it has generally been agreed that the Poaceae belong here, however, and in fact a few authors have removed the Restionaceae instead.
		The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group's classification system includes several familes in order Poales that, in other classification systems, constitute separate orders (i.e.
	encyclopedia.codeboy.net /wikipedia/p/po/poales.html (153 words)

	Dr Barbara G. Briggs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Current research centres on Australian Restionaceae, describing species that have been recognised but not yet formally named, and preparing the treatment of Restionaceae and some allied families for Flora of Australia.
		[Much of the Restionaceae project does not relate to NSW.] Have previously worked on evolution and generic classification of Myrtaceae and Proteaceae and on Ranunculus and Veroniceae.
		Systematics of Australian Restionaceae and Flora of Australia treatment of Restionaceae: started long ago; to finish in the future.
	www.nationalparks.nsw.gov.au /npws.nsf/Content/BRN095 (125 words)

	Restios. Cape reeds, characteristic of fynbos.
		Although the restios may be overlooked by the unwary the Cape restios provide astonishing beauty, diversity and adaptability.
		Cape reeds, biesies, dekriet, or restios - these are some of the common names that have been applied to the South African members of the family Restionaceae.
		They are grass like plants, related to, and at first glance, looking fairly similar to the families of grasses and sedges.
	www.sunsetbeach.co.za /restios.htm (774 words)

	BGT - Briggs, Barbara (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Restionaceae and closely allied families, phylogeny of Poales, Ecdeiocoleaceae, Australian Ranunculus, Australian Veroniceae, Proteaceae
		Briggs, B.G. and Johnson, L.A.S. (1999) A guide to a new classification of Restionaceae and allied families.
		Briggs, B.G., Marchant, A.D., Gilmore, S. and Porter, C.L. A molecular phylogeny of Restionaceae and allies.
	www.rbgsyd.gov.au /organisation_businesses/our_people/research_associates/Barbara_Briggs (323 words)

	CSIRO PUBLISHING - Australian Systematic Botany (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Detailed anatomical investigations presented here show that the apparently similar gynoecia of some African and Australian Restionaceae are indeed the result of convergence.
		In the latter case there is frequently a reduction to four tepals, paralleled by reduction in the gynoecium.
		The gynoecial information by itself is not adequate to formulate a phylogenetic hypothesis for the Australian Restionaceae, but should provide valuable information for such a project.
	www.publish.csiro.au /nid/150/paper/SB9920227.htm (184 words)

	Institut für Systematische Botanik (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Ontogeny and evolution of the flowers of South African Restionaceae with special emphasis on the gynoecium.
		Molecular phylogenetic studies in the African Restionaceae, a species rich clade from the Cape Flora.
		The Elegia clade species-level Phylogenetics in South African Restionaceae.
	www.systbot.unizh.ch /institut/publikationen/publikationen.php?l=d (2562 words)

	Taxonomy of selected groups (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		We are currently concentrating on four clades, all centered in the Cape flora of Southern Africa:
		Restionaceae, with 350 species in Africa and ca.
		Taxonomy, Restionaceae, Melianthaceae - Melianthus, Orchidaceae - Diseae, Rosaceae - Cliffortia, Poaceae - Danthonioideae, systematics
	www.research-projects.unizh.ch /math/unit70400/area854/p3677.htm (307 words)

	CSIRO PUBLISHING - Australian Journal of Botany
		Male plants bear spikelets aerially, female plants sessile underground inflorescences at a maximum intensity of one flower per season's rhizome segment.
		Fruiting is geocarpic and seeds are extremely large for Restionaceae, e.g.
		Anatomy of culm, root and rhizome conforms generally to that of other Restionaceae.
	www.publish.csiro.au /nid/65/paper/BT9900523.htm (242 words)

	BGBM: Greenhouses-House L
		Families from the southern hemisphere are the Proteaceae, Restionaceae and Stylidiaceae with several examples shown here, but there is not room enough for Araucariaceae (see House Pb).
		Restionaceae like Elegia capensis, species of Leptocarpus and Restio look much like Equisetum at first sight, another remarkable example of convergent evolution.
		Further interesting plants considered to be endangered species are the shrubby Freylinia visseri (Scrophulariaceae) from South Africa, and particularly the large cabbage-like Dendroseris litoralis of the sunflower family from the Juan Fernandez Islands far off the coast of Chile.
	www.bgbm.fu-berlin.de /BGBM/garden/bereiche/areas/gw_l.htm (509 words)

	Sherwin Carlquist on discovery (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		It’s called Restionaceae, and looks like sedges or woody grasses, and the family only occurs in the Southern Hemisphere--in South Africa, in Australia, and (barely) in New Zealand.
		So when I spent the fall (Southern Hemisphere spring) of 1974 in Western Australia, I decided I would learn the Restionaceae of Australia-then I would know this family.
		In flower before me were male plants of a plant I knew had to belong to the family Restionaceae (bottom left and middle).
	www.explorelifeonearth.org /discovery2.html (354 words)

	American Journal of Botany, 75, 12, December, 1988 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Abstract: Restionaceae are characterized by Polygonum-type development, a well-developed hypostase, the presence of starch grains in the mature female gametophyte, and a thick nucellus that is uniseriate at the micropylar end.
		In general, proliferation of antipodals occurs in South African taxa of Restionaceae but not in Australasian taxa.
		The presence of multiplied antipodals is the usual condition in the allied family Poaceae, but the sporadic occurrence of this character in Restionaceae cannot be used to support the view that the two families are sister groups.
	www.botany.org /ajb/00029122_di001891.php (3134 words)

	Encyclopedia: Maize (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Orders Base Monocots: Acorus Alismatales Asparagales Dioscoreales Liliales Pandanales Family Petrosaviaceae Commelinids: Arecales Commelinales Poales Zingiberales Family Dasypogonaceae Monocotyledons or monocots are a group of flowering plants usually ranked as a class and once called the Monocotyledoneae.
		Families (APG) Anarthriaceae Bromeliaceae Centrolepidaceae Cyperaceae Ecdeiocoleaceae Eriocaulaceae Flagellariaceae Hydatellaceae Joinvilleaceae Juncaceae Mayacaceae Poaceae Rapateaceae Restionaceae Sparganiaceae Thurniaceae Typhaceae Xyridaceae The Poales is a cosmopolitan order of monocotyledonous flowering plants.
		Subfamilies There are 7 subfamilies: Subfamily Arundinoideae Subfamily Bambusoideae Subfamily Centothecoideae Subfamily Chloridoideae Subfamily Panicoideae Subfamily Pooideae Subfamily Stipoideae The true grasses are monocotyledonous plants (Class Liliopsida) in the Family Poaceae, also known as Gramineae.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Maize (4525 words)

	Australian Rushes: Biological Identification and Conservation of Restionaceae and Allied Families; Paperback
		Australian Rushes: Biological Identification and Conservation of Restionaceae and Allied Families; Paperback
		> Australian Rushes: Biological Identification and Conservation of Restionaceae and Allied Families
		Australian Rushes: Biological Identification and Conservation of Restionaceae and Allied Families
	www.netstoreusa.com /sabooks/187/1876268018.shtml (193 words)

	BGT - Porter, Carolyn (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Briggs, B.G. and Johnson, L.A.S. New combinations in Chordifex (Restionaceae) from eastern Australia and new species from Western Australia.
		Briggs, B.G. and Johnson, L.A.S. New species of Harperia, Loxocarya, Onychosepalum, Platychorda and Tremulina (Restionaceae) in Western Australia.
		In ‘Australian Rushes, Biology, Identification and Conservation of Restionaceae and allied families’.
	www.rbgsyd.gov.au /organisation_businesses/our_people/Science_staff/Carolyn_Porter (356 words)

	Abstract 3670 from Intl. Bot. Congress 1999 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		THE ONTOGENETIC BASIS FOR REDUCTIVE TRENDS IN THE GYNOECIUM OF SOUTH AFRICAN RESTIONACEAE
		The Restionaceae have gynoecia ranging from three fully fertile carpels to a single carpel.
		Data of reduction of the gynoecium are plotted on an existing cladogram and implications for the taxonomy of Restionaceae are discussed.
	www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de /b-online/ibc99/ibc/abstracts/listen/abstracts/3670.html (72 words)

	BGT - Systematics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		New genera and species of Australian Restionaceae (Poales).
		New combinations arising from a new classification of non-African Restionaceae.
		Flavonoid patterns and the revised classification of Australian Restionaceae.
	www.rbgsyd.gov.au /Publications/systematics (5283 words)

	SCIENCE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Richardson F D, Hahn, B.D. and Hoffman, M.T. Floral ontogenetic evidence in support of the Willdenowia clade of South African Restionaceae.
		Ronse Decraene, L.P., Linder, H.P. and Smets, E.F. Two species of Ceratocaryum (Restionaceae).
		Linder, H.P. Restionaceae seedlings: morphology, anatomy and systematic implications.
	web.uct.ac.za /depts/dri/resrep01/find/science/scir.html (689 words)

	NEWS on Vascular Plant Family Nomenclature
		The new families are closely related to Anarthriaceae D.F. Cutler & Airy Shaw, and based on the cladograms presented recently by H.P. Linder (Vicariance, climate change, anatomy and phylogeny of Restionaceae.
		"A molecular phylogeny of Restionaceae and allies," pp.
		In Cronquist's 1981 system, the new families would fall into his Restionales, and specifically the Restionaceae.
	www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de /b-online/library/revfam/www.inform.umd.edu/PBIO/fam/NEWS.html (3778 words)

	1999 Research Publications
		Meney, K.A. and Pate, J.S. Morphological and anatomical descriptions of Restionaceae and allied families and their distribution, Australian Rushes: biology, identification and conservation of Restionaceae and allied families, eds K.A. Meney, J.S. Pate, Nedlands, W.A., University of Western Australia Press, pp 161-461 (1999)
		Meney, K.A., Dixon, K.W. and Pate, J.S. Seed reproduction and germination ecology of Restionaceae, Australian Rushes: biology, identification and conservation of Restionaceae and allied families, eds K.A. Meney, J.S. Pate, Nedlands, W.A., University of Western Australia Press, pp 97-108 (1999)
		Pate, J.S., Dixon, K.W., Bell, T.L. and Hickman, E.J. Response of Restionaceae to Fire, Australian Rushes: biology, identification and conservation of Restionaceae and allied families, eds K.A. Meney, J.S. Pate, Nedlands.
	www.publishing.uwa.edu.au /research/1999/Botany.asp (1746 words)

	de Lange et al.--Sporadanthus in New Zealand
		Taxonomy, ecology, and conservation of Sporadanthus (Restionaceae) in New Zealand
		Abstract A new species, Sporadanthus ferrugineus (Restionaceae), is described from the peat bogs of the northern North Island, New Zealand.
		PDF file of entire paper: medium quality (2009K); (scanned from paper original: notes about this process)
	www.rsnz.org /publish/nzjb/1999/40.php (271 words)

	Digging Dog: The Color Encyclopedia of Ornamental Grasses by Rick Darke \| Sedges, Rushes, Restios, Cat-tails, and ...
		Gardeners usually speak of “ornamental grasses” in the broad sense, including not only the true grasses, but also related families of grasslike plants, such as sedges and rushes.
		Following this tradition, this book provides a detailed treatment of the perennial grasses (Poaceae), sedges (Cyperaceae), rushes (Juncaceae), restios (Restionaceae), and cat-tails (Typhaceae) available to modern gardeners, as well as selected bamboos (Poaceae).
		Ornamental grasses are a stunningly versatile group, offering myriad possibilities in the garden limited only by the imagination of the designer.
	www.diggingdog.com /pages2/bookpages.php/B-008 (1181 words)

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