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	Prior restraint - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Prior restraint is a legal term referring to a government's actions that prevent materials from being published.
		Prior restraint is often considered a particularly oppressive form of censorship in Anglo-American jurisprudence because it prevents the restricted material from being heard or distributed at all.
		There is a long history of prior restraints on the theater, and in the United Kingdom plays still required a license until well into the twentieth century.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Prior_restraint (3186 words)

	Prior restraint -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Prior restraint is a (Click link for more info and facts about legal) legal term which refers to a (The organization that is the governing authority of a political unit) government's actions that prevent materials from being published.
		More recently, prior restraint has often taken the form of an ((law) a judicial remedy issued in order to prohibit a party from doing or continuing to do a certain activity) injunction or other governmental order prohibiting the publication of a specific document or subject.
		Prior restraint is often considered a particularly oppressive form of (Deleting parts of publications or correspondence or theatrical performances) censorship in Anglo-American jurisprudence because it prevents the restricted material from being heard or distributed at all.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/p/pr/prior_restraint.htm (3151 words)

	Community Grievance Decision Digest - Restraint, Seclusion
		Isolation or restraint may be used only when less restrictive measures are ineffective or not feasible and shall be used for the shortest time possible.
		Each facility shall have a written policy covering the use of restraint or isolation which ensures that the dignity of the individual is protected, that the safety of the individual is ensured and that there is regular, frequent monitoring by trained staff to care for bodily needs as may be required.
		For a community placement, the use of isolation, seclusion or physical restraint shall be specifically approved by the department on a case-by-case basis and by the county department if the county department has authorized the community placement.
	www.dhfs.state.wi.us /clientrights/CGDD/restraint.htm (816 words)

	"restraint" reviews
		Restraint is the result of the long wait, and upon first listen, it becomes painfully obvious why these songs took until now to see the light of day.
		Restraint is not just the album’s title but a single word that sums up the whole thing; it’s quiet, simple and ready to burst with emotion.
		RESTRAINT is a real treasure, the kind of record that will occupy a very special place in your record collection once you experience its powerful moods.
	www.arco.ndirect.co.uk /restrev.htm (2073 words)

	Principles for the Elimination of Restraint--Report to JCAH
		Restraint includes a broad range of activities such as the use of "take downs," "therapeutic holding," and other bodily interventions; isolation rooms; strait jackets and four point restraints; and neuroleptic drugs and other central nervous system depressants.
		The definition of restraint can also be broadened to include any restriction on the individual's freedom to reject a specific treatment or to leave the facility or setting.
		Almost all "emergency" situations in which restraint is used can be better resolved by a non-coercive, caring intervention from a person willing and able to spend time with the upset or angry individual with the aim of peaceful conflict resolution.
	www.breggin.com /jcah.html (759 words)

	Encyclopedia of Nursing and Allied Health: Restraint use
		A restraint, or physical restraint, is a piece of equipment or device that restricts a patient's ability to move.
		Restraints are used to control a patient who is in danger of harming the self or others.
		The end results of using physical restraints are the maintenance of safety to the patient and others and the administration of medically necessary interventions.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_gGENH/is_/ai_2699003688 (898 words)

	Encyclopedia: Prior restraint (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		An injunction is an equitable remedy in the form of a court order that either prohibits or compels (enjoins or restrains) a party from continuing a particular activity.
		Freedom of the press (or press freedom) is the guarantee by a government of free public speech for its citizens and their associations, extended to members of news gathering organizations, and their published reporting.
		The Commentaries on the Laws of England is an influential 18th century treatise on the common law of England by Sir William Blackstone, originally published by the Clarendon Press at Oxford, 1765-1769.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Prior-restraint (5778 words)

	FMVSS; Child Restraint Systems; Child Restraint Anchorage Systems (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		However, as a result of many child restraints either not being used correctly or installed in vehicles with seats or seat belts that are not fully compatible, the actual average effectiveness for the entire population of child restraints in use is 59 percent.
		The high cost of a rigid bar anchorage child restraint, relative to a flexible latchplate child restraint, was mostly due to the material then believed by the agency to be needed for the bracket structure and not to the cost of the hardware connecting to the 6 mm bar.
		The incremental bulk and weight of a rigid bar anchorage child restraint, relative to a flexible latchplate child restraint, was due to the material then believed by the agency to be needed for the bracket structure and not to the hardware connecting to the rigid bar.
	www.nhtsa.dot.gov /cars/rules/rulings/UCRA-OMB-J08/FinalRule.html (19491 words)

	Child Welfare League of America: Children's Voice Articles: Article
		Restraint and seclusion were once considered acceptable, even valuable tools in maintaining control of unruly children in residential group homes.
		Restraint was not only countertherapeutic, it was [repeating] the abuse they had already experienced.
		At New York's Bellevue Hospital, where restraint is not used at all in the child unit, and only rarely in the adolescent unit, Stromberg and LeBel found a staff committed to doing whatever it took to see a child through a crisis by talking through the situation.
	www.cwla.org /articles/cv0309restraint.htm (4041 words)

	Physical Restraint Definitions, Policies and Guidelines (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Restraint devices should be suitable in size, design, and operation to minimize discomfort or injury to the animal.
		Restraint devices should not be used simply as a convenience in handling or managing animals.
		The period of restraint should be the minimum required to accomplish the research objectives.
	www.uvm.edu /~iacuc/uvminfo/pol_proc_pages/ppmd_restraint.html (483 words)

	Child Passenger Safety Technical Encyclopedia
		Although the most upright position probably still provides the most effective overall restraint in terms of load distribution to appropriate bony structures, a certified reclined position may be used for a sleeping child or to make the CR conform to the enclosed angle of the vehicle seat for a tighter installation.
		A physical model representing the outside dimensions of a combined rear-facing and forward-facing child restraint (see FMVSS 225, Figs 1 and 2) that is used by a vehicle manufacturer to determine the space required by child restraint systems in a given seating position and the location and accessibility of the lower anchorages in that position.
		A restraint system that only faces the rear of the vehicle, traditionally has a back height (rump to top of shell) of 18" or 20", and is generally limited to children weighing up to 20 or 22 lb.
	www.carseat.org /Technical/tech_update.htm (13611 words)

	Merck Vet. Edition - Restraint
		Restraint of cetaceans on the foam depends on the procedure to be performed and the animal.
		Generally, sirenians are relatively docile; problems in restraint are generally due to their bulk and weight, and caution is recommended because they tend to roll.
		Polar bears are large and dangerous, and manual restraint is not advised.
	www.merckvetmanual.com /mvm/htm/bc/170703.htm (458 words)

	Prolonged Restraint Policy
		Prolonged restraint of any animal should be avoided unless essential to research objectives. Less restrictive systems, such as the tether system or the pole and collar system, should be used when compatible with research objectives. The following are important guidelines for the use of restraint equipment:
		Restraint chairs or similar devices are not to be considered "normal" methods of housing, although they may be required for specific research objectives
		Restraint chairs or similar devices must not be used simply as a convenience to investigators in handling or managing animals. When such devices are used, their use must be specifically approved by the committee
	www.umbc.edu /iacuc/protocolguide_files/Page3339.htm (197 words)

	SAMHSA's Seclusion & Restraint Matrix Area: A National Action Plan
		While a growing number of stakeholders have developed guidelines on seclusion and restraint, the quality of such have yet to be determined and their widespread application has yet to be documented.
		It is also known that sentinel events (e.g., deaths and injuries) from restraint and seclusion occur in a number of settings which currently have no national guidelines, such as schools and juvenile justice facilities.
		In addressing restraint and seclusion, it is known that leadership is a key variable.
	alt.samhsa.gov /seclusion/sr_handout.htm (1007 words)

	Current Issues on Seclusion and Restraint - HTML
		This law established national standards that restrict the use of restraint and seclusion in all psychiatric facilities that receive Federal funds and in “non-medical community-based facilities of children and youth.” To implement this law, two sets of regulations must be developed.
		While the prevention of injury and death is sufficient motivation in itself to reduce restraint use, another motivation exists in liability case law.
		The restraints contributed to the death by affecting his ability to metabolize the medicine.
	www.ombudmhmr.state.mn.us /alerts/currentissuesonseclusionandrestraint.htm (3715 words)

	Progressive, The: The Devil's Chair - misuse of restraint chairs - Editorial
		Use of the restraint chair is widespread: Jails, state and federal prisons, the Immigration and Naturalization Service, the U.S. Marshals Service, state mental hospitals, juvenile detention centers, and foreign governments are all equipped with the chair.
		The deputy chief medical examiner, Edward Leis, confirmed that Valent's prolonged restraint "is the main precipitating factor leading to blood clots and his death." A lawsuit brought by Valent's mother ended in a $200,000 settlement with the state of Utah.
		Although it was not a stipulation of the lawsuit, the state stopped using the restraint chair.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1295/is_4_64/ai_61524888 (1373 words)

	Student Records - 435 Restraint Data Record
		Date of Restraint Event- reflects the actual date on which the student with a disability was restrained.
		(1) Restraint shall be limited to the use of such reasonable force as is necessary to address the emergency.
		(3) Restraint shall be implemented in such a way as to protect the health and safety of the student and others.
	www.tea.state.tx.us /peims/training/435_Record.html (351 words)

	bjork.com : Drawing Restraint 9
		Drawing Restraint 9, a film by Matthew Barney with a soundtrack composed by Björk, represents the first creative collaboration of two of the most protean, dynamic forces in music and fine art.
		Its core idea is the relationship between self-imposed resistance and creativity, a theme it symbolically tracks through the construction and transformation of a vast sculpture of liquid vaseline, called "The Field", which is molded, poured, bisected and reformed on the deck of the ship over the course of the film.
		But Björk's voice is just one instrument within the overall vision that drives the soundtrack; as befits an artwork about the creative possibilities of restraint, she largely eschews the first person songwriting mode familiar from her previous post-Sugarcubes solo albums.
	unit.bjork.com /specials/dr9 (1017 words)

	Six Flags Announces Planned Modifications to Restraint System on Superman Roller Coaster
		By shortening these seatbelts, those guests who may be too large to be safely accommodated by the restraint system will not be able to ride.
		We are also continuing to examine other modifications to the primary restraint system to further increase guest safety.
		We are currently conducting the engineering to modify the lapbar to fit more securely and restrict those individuals who may be too large to be safely accommodated by the existing restraint system.
	www.prnewswire.com /cgi-bin/stories.pl?ACCT=104&STORY=/www/story/05-07-2004/0002169562&EDATE= (450 words)

	Positional Asphyxia, Restraint Asphyxia, Sudden Custody Death, Restraint, Hobble Restraint, Charly D. Miller
		This study showed that our study in 1988 (Am J Forensic Med Pathol 1988;9:16-18), which measured only cutaneous (skin) oxygen saturation, was incorrect and flawed and our interpretation that hog tying produces physiological consequences of recovery times as measured by pulse and oxygen saturation was contradicted by their work.
		I still maintain that there are risks and hazards to restraint maneuvers including hog-tying and each case must be evaluated to assess the presence or absence of respiratory restriction in the light of the method of restraint.
		It may be that physical restraint produces metabolic breakdown of muscle, which floods the body with potassium to cause cardiac standstill or that stimulants such as cocaine producing excited delirium, mediate a lethal reflex during restraint.
	www.charlydmiller.com /LIB/reaysdiego.html (411 words)

	Restraint Asphyxia Near-Death Case Study, Part One
		Yet another officer was just completing attachment of the hobble restraint strap, connecting the patient's handcuffed wrists to his hobble-strap-tied ankles, as we pulled up to the scene.
		I initiated manual restraint of the patient's head, by grasping his bilateral jaw angles and applying a minimum of "in-line traction" to prevent head movement, while simultaneously restraining his jaw in a "jaw thrust" position.
		Thus, I estimate that the patient was probably forcefully held in a prone position for at least one minute prior to an officer being "free" to use his radio and summon his supervisor and an ambulance.
	www.charlydmiller.com /RA/neardeath01.html (2265 words)

	Merck Vet. Edition - Restraint (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Many lizards, particularly geckos, shed the tail when grasped distal to the pelvic girdle (autotomy); even larger and more powerful lizards, such as iguanas and monitors, can lose their tail if excessive pressure is applied.
		Some of the small species are too delicate to be handled and should be coaxed into small screen boxes for visual examination or induction of chemical restraint.
		When half the snake has entered the tube, the open end of the tube and the snake are grasped together and held as a unit.
	www.merckvetmanual.com /mvm/htm/bc/171203.htm (711 words)

	Role of hypothalamic inputs in maintaining pituitary-adrenal responsiveness in repeated restraint -- Zelena et al. 285 ...
		C: paraventricular lesion abolished the chronic stress-induced baseline elevation and lowered the acute rise elicited by restraint.
		in the anterior pituitary in the absence of repeated restraint,
		Emergence of an isolated arginine vasopressin (AVP) response to stress after repeated restraint: a study of both AVP and corticotropin-releasing hormone messenger ribonucleic acid (RNA) and heteronuclear RNA.
	ajpendo.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/285/5/E1110 (4439 words)

	NASMHPD Position Statement on Seclusion and Restraint
		Seclusion and restraint should never be used for the purposes of discipline, coercion, or staff convenience, or as a replacement for adequate levels of staff or active treatment.
		Seclusion and restraint should be initiated only in those individual situations in which an emergency safety need is identified, and these interventions should be implemented only by competent, trained staff.
		States should have a mechanism to report deaths and serious injuries related to seclusion and restraint, to ensure that these incidents are investigated, and to track patterns of seclusion and restraint use.
	www.nasmhpd.org /general_files/position_statement/posses1.htm (604 words)

	PEIMS Data Standards 435 SPECIAL EDUCATION CHILD RESTRAINT – STUDENT
		The Texas School for the Deaf, Texas School for the Blind and Visually Impaired and the Texas Youth Commission are also required to report 435 records for their respective populations related to restraint events that occur within the educational program of the school and subject to any limitations imposed by TEC 37.0021.
		If the restraint occurs on a JJAEP campus, the corresponding restraint record must be reported by the student’s home district and campus.
		It allows a district or campus to assign a unique identification number to a restraint event to distinguish between multiple instances of restraint that might occur at the same school on the same date for a given student with a disability.
	www.tea.state.tx.us /peims/standards/wedsold/r435.html (587 words)

	Bedcheck Fall Prevention Alarm Systems from Bed-Check Corporation -- The Market Leader in Patient Fall Reduction and ...
		System serves as an integral part of fall and restraint reduction programs in hospitals, long term care facilities and home health care situations all over the nation.
		Its exclusive purpose is to monitor those patients assessed to be at risk for falls and to alert their caregivers when immediate intervention is required.
		Use of physical restraints can often be greatly reduced while patient dignity is enhanced.
	www.bedcheck.com (120 words)

	Colorado Driving Under Restraint - DUR - Colorado Springs Attorney Robert D. Gustafson
		If a defendant is presently charged with driving under restraint and is currently eligible to reinstate and obtain a valid license it is advisable to do so immediately.
		Driving under restraint traffic offenses are misdemeanor criminal charges and carry mandatory jail in addition to fine, court costs, points and other conditions as may be specified by statute or are reasonably related to rehabilitation.
		Existence of an emergency does not affect the criminality of the conduct and is not as a part of the issue of guilt at trial on driving under restraint.
	www.driving-under-restraint-colorado-springs.com (5753 words)

	FindLaw: U.S. Constitution: First Amendment: Annotations pg. 9 of 21
		Obscenity and Prior Restraint.--Only in the obscenity area has there emerged a substantial consideration of the doctrine of prior restraint and the doctrine's use there may be based upon the proposition that obscenity is not a protected form of expression.
		City of Chicago, 67 a divided Court specifically affirmed that, at least in the case of motion pictures, the First Amendment did not proscribe a licensing system under which a board of censors could refuse to license for public exhibition films which it found to be obscene.
		Keefe, 402 U.S. (1971), the Court held invalid as a prior restraint an injunction preventing the petitioners from distributing 18,000 pamphlets attacking respondent's alleged ''blockbusting'' real estate activities; he was held not to have borne the ''heavy burden'' of justifying the restraint.
	caselaw.lp.findlaw.com /data/constitution/amendment01/09.html (1557 words)

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