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Topic: Reticella

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	CONK! Encyclopedia: Drawn_thread_work (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Reticella lace is a form of embroidery in which typical techniques of needlelace are used to embellish drawn thread work.
		It uses techniques that are clearly distinct from reticella and traditional Italian neddlelace on the one hand and Hardanger on the other.
		Even (modernised) reticella patterns and how-tos make it into popular, cheap magazines, although they are really challenging for the occasional embroiderer.
	www.conk.com /search/encyclopedia.cgi?q=Drawn_thread_work (1179 words)

	Antique Handmade Reticella Lace & Embroidered Tablecloth
		Cutwork lace outlines and connects large reticella lace inserts.
		Medallions are cut out from the fabric to fit the shapes of 6" to 9" lace inserts.
		Reticella lace, originating in Italy, displays closely-worked designs against an openwork background.
	www212.pair.com /sojkawj/tc3.html (250 words)

	Punto in aria - Cunnan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Punto in Aria is one of the earliest forms of needle lace.
		It is closely related to Reticella lace, and the name means "points in the air" due to the technique used to create it.
		Reticella was a lace in which threads were drawn out of the fabric and some embroidery stitches used to embellish and hold the remaining stitches in place (as a decorated framework.
	www.nzart.com /wiki/Punto_in_aria (203 words)

	Whitework & Lace
		According to some experts, reticella was simply a more refined version of Greek cut-work lace, in which designs were built upon a framework of a few undrawn threads.
		Both reticella and cut-work were popular in 17th century France, Italy and Greece, and the same patterns were used for both.
		In the late 19th century a "reticella revival" took place in the Lake District of England, where old Greek and Italian patterns were used upon locally produced linen.
	www.accomplishments-shop.com /reticella.html (683 words)

	BMMT - Needlelace
		This is a general term referring to an entire body of different types of laces, such as reticella and punto in aria.
		While this lace-making technique is restricted in time to the last century or so of the SCA 'period', it does not appear to have been greatly restricted by geography.
		There are two major differences between "reticella" and "punto in aria." Reticella is very geometric in nature and is attached to a fabric base from which threads have been drawn.
	www.geocities.com /monstonitrus/a_and_s/needlelace/needlelace.html (2289 words)

	needle_lace (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Reticella was enormously popular from 1480 until 1620.
		Reticella continued to develop during the sixteenth century, and the needleworkers removed increasingly larger quantities of thread from the ground fabric to make increasingly larger and lacier pieces of needlework.
		At first the designs were the same as those used for reticella, but needleworkers quickly learned that the foundation threads could be couched down to form any shape desired, and patterns soon became more naturalistic.
	home.att.net /~krystalmorgan/needle_lace.htm (544 words)

	Reticella lace (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Reticella (or reticello, Italian spelling) is the connecting thread between embroidery (on fabric) and lace (no foundation fabric).
		It's origins can be found in cutwork, the removal of certain threads of the ground fabric, leaving holes in the fabric which were neatened on the edges with buttonhole stitch.
		The threads are couched down over the design smoothly and carefully, and the fillings are worked with a finer thread in buttonhole stitch and Genoa, a form of weaving.
	www.white-works.com /reticella.htm (330 words)

	outline (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Reticella is one of the oldest forms of needlelace.
		It was most popular during the 1400s and remained a popular lace as late as the early 1800s.
		Reticella's origin is in Italy and closely resembles punto d'aria, which means stitches in the air.
	m26080.kaivo.com /CharterOak/Catalog/Reticella/outline (89 words)

	DragonBear: SCA Documentation: Needlelace Handkerchief
		The center is a reticella needlelace (pattern in Vinciolo and similar pattern in Vecellio) in overcast, buttonhole, and buttonhole filling stitches with Venetian buttonhole picots, surrounded by a drawn thread border in buttonhole and overcast stitches.
		The point at which reticella needlelace separates from cutwork ("punto tagliato" or "point coupe") and drawn thread work ("punto sfilato") is debatable since the techniques and time periods overlap.
		Some reticella pieces, especially earlier ones, are built on cross threads from the fabric and so have a geometric structure very like drawn thread work; others have only the edges started on fabric and the center takes shape freely.
	www.dragonbear.com /as-hanky.html (770 words)

	punto in aria -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		As reticella (q.v.) became more elaborate, its fabric ground was eventually replaced by a heavy thread or braid tacked onto a temporary backing (e.g., parchment); the finished lace thus provided its own structure.
		The grid base for the pattern is formed either by threads remaining after warps and wefts have been drawn out of a fabric at regular intervals or by threads thrown across a space cut out of a fabric.
		Reticella is frequently cited as the immediate forerunner of punto in aria (q.v.),...
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9061927?tocId=9061927 (806 words)

	reticella: Italia Invita - International Forum of Lace and Embroidery - Rimini/IT (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Reticella and "Punto in Aria" Lace Reticella and Punto in Aria are closely related needlelaces from Italy.
		I recently saw a piece of lace called "Reticella" and it was so lovely that I would like.
		For Reticella the technique is the same as above, except that there are far more.
	www.mckaytrainingvideos.com /reticella.html (375 words)

	Reticella Definition / Reticella Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Reticella is a needle lace dating from the 15th century.
		It developed into Punto in AriaPunto in Aria (literally stitch in air) is an early form of Needle lace....
		Reticella is one of the earliest forms of lace making and is a direct descendant of old pulled fabric and cutwork embroidery.
	www.elresearch.com /Reticella (78 words)

	AllRefer.com - lace : Evolution of Lace Making (Arts And Crafts) - Encyclopedia
		The first of such laces, reticella, originated in Venice and was based on geometric forms.
		Later, as laceworkers sought relief from the restrictions of symmetrical design, the illogical but beautiful designs of punto in aria (literally, a stitch in the air) were first created.
		By the time of Charles I lace was used extravagantly for both costume and interior decorating; by 1643 lace making had become an established industry.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/L/lace-evolution-of-lace-making.html (388 words)

	Watches-Needle-Made Laces and Net Embroideries (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Reticella Work, Carrickmacross Lace, Princess Lace, Irish crochet, tatting, tambour Limerick, filet lace and more.
		Contains all of the nearly 100 original patterns for point coupe, reticella and guipure; the second part describes square netting and embroidery on cloth.
		Immensely useful volume, containing over 400 lace-related terms such as Florentine knots, lappets, a pillow horse, winkie pin, spangles, reticella, honiton, guipure, and Tuscan filet, discusses the origin, nomenclature, date and sequences of development of the more controversial...
	www.minihttpserver.net /z_watches/A_needlemade_laces_and-0486247082.htm (477 words)

	Lace History
		In Reticella only the geometric frames of woven fabric, upon which the outline stitches were done remained in the finished work.
		Open areas from which the woven threads had been removed were filled with needle-woven designs to provide the ornate fillings which were the final step toward the first true needle lace.
		Indeed, as Kraatz notes in her book, it was not always easy for the observer to tell the difference between Reticella and the earliest Punto in Aria.
	people.delphiforums.com /standart/lacehistory.html (1633 words)

	Drawn Thread Work Definition for embroidery industry
		It is usually executed using rather coarse fabric and thread.
		At least in Germany traditional fancy hemstiching is becoming somewhat popular again, may be because there's a need for something new after everyone interested has explored hardanger and myreschka.
		Drawn tread work and needlelace are also used in creative freestyle embroidery.
	www.apparelsearch.com /Definitions/Embroidery/Drawn_thread_work_definition.htm (824 words)

	HOW TO DO HEDEBO EMBROIDERY
		The patterned shape can be worked directly in a piece of fabric as an insertion, or constructed first and attached to a piece of fabric as an edge.
		Hedebo has the feeling of Needleweaving, Cutwork, Reticella, Broderie Anglaise and lace, all together, and yet it is unlike any one of them.
		Unlike Reticella Lace, which it vaguely resembles, the open areas are not only square but many have curved outlines forming petals, leaves, circles, hearts or other irregular shapes.
	www.bobbinmaker.com /hedebofaq.html (1819 words)

	Retecilla and "Punto in Aria" Lace
		Reticella and Punto in Aria are closely related needlelaces from Italy.
		Reticellas were made in abundance from the late 1400's to the early 1800's.
		The original technique of Reticella marked the transition between fabrics made lacy by cutting out and withdrawing threads, and lac,e made stitch by a stitch without a substructure.
	www.suite101.com /article.cfm/lace_making_collecting/25793 (513 words)

	Bobbin Lace in the 16th Century (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Needle lace evolved naturally from cutwork embroidery, specifically Reticella, but the origins of bobbin lace have been the subject of scholarly debate for hundreds of years.
		Bobbin lace was first used more as a trim (a passementerie), stitched flat to the fabric like braid, rather than hanging free like the edging of a ruff.
		As it matured, the structure became more stable and it was used to imitate more cheaply the fabulously expensive reticella and punto in aria, and was used in the same ways.
	www.arachne.com /bobbin_history.html (143 words)

	The Salacious Historian's Lair - Baroque Costumes
		Needlepoint lace was the one exquisite lace of all which was most fashionable throughout the 17th century.
		The earliest needlepoint are Reticella and Punto in Aria.
		Reticella developed from open-work embroidery by discarding the woven linen and replacing it with needlewoven strands, laid over a pattern, Reticella took the step from embroidery to lace.
	www.kipar.org /baroque-costumes/costumes_lace.html (1304 words)

	©Sadia's Designs-Creating Lace for the Embroidery machine
		Before that time, lace was described in such articles as cords and narrow braids of plaited and twisted threads, used not only to fasten shoes, sleeves, and corsets but also in a decorative manner to braid the hair, to wind round hats, and to be sewn as trimmings
		Reticella referred to open areas within the foundation fabric upon which needle-woven ornate designs were created using needle and thread.
		Reticella has been confused with cutwork which is similar yet different.
	www.sadiasews.com /creatinglace.html (1216 words)

	My Needle Lace Annotated Bibliography
		It is based on Ruskin lace, or Amelia Ars lace, done in the late 1800’s as a revival of reticella.
		There is a section on Reticella and a section on Lacis but most of the book deals with laces that are out of period.
		The instructions on Reticella are fair with some good stitch illustrations and a good example of the drawn cloth framework.
	members.aol.com /Charlenn/nbib.htm (1192 words)

	Reticella Needle lace Fan Leaf
		Fan leaf of needle lace in Reticella pattern of geometric circles and rectangles.
		Fan is ecru, in mint condition, apparently never used.
		Fan is probably late 19th or early 20th century.
	www.elizabethkurella.com /retneedlacfa.html (46 words)

	Reticella Table Linens (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		When you are laying new reticella table linens you need to make sure to let it dry.
		One of the biggest complaints I hear about is reticella table linens that is cracking.
		Find results for reticella table linens and anything else you are looking for instantly!
	fresh-linen.info /reticella-table-linens.html (429 words)

	Shop / The Corcoran Gallery of Art
		This frame design is adapted from a sixteenth-century Venetian Reticella lace chalice cover in the Corcoran Gallery of Art's William A. Clark collection.
		Reticella is an open and highly decorated needlepoint lace of this period.
		Beautifully packaged in a deep blue box lined in velvet, the frame comes with an educational card describing the source of its design.
	www.corcoran.org /shop/dspShopItemDetails.asp?Sub_Category_ID=13&Shop_ID=48 (97 words)

	Reticella & Richelieu - Sew-What's-New.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		After all the edges of the open spaces are satin-stitched, finish the design with free-motion embroidery.
		For Reticella the technique is the same as above, except that there are far more openings, giving the work a delicate, lacy look.
		This requires extra care in the stitching and cutting, but is very pretty and worth trying.
	www.sew-whats-new.com /fme/reticella.shtml (397 words)

	Amazon.ca: Books: Needle-Made Laces: Materials, Designs, Techniques (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Earnshaw begins with the two basic methods: embroidered lace, crafted from a woven fabric by manipulating its threads, and Reticella, constructed from scratch with needle and thread, working from a drawn pattern.
		(Venice emerged as Reticella's production center in 1650; Venetian artisans employed 60 variations of detached buttonhole stitch to render flowing designs of plants and flowers.) After 1700 the hollie stitch was developed in England to make a dense lace of rows of close stitches interrupted by tiny gaps (dropped stitches), creating designs of great subtlety.
		Inevitably, time-saving techniques, such as darning stitches and tapes, were substituted for the solid areas of buttonhole stitches.
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/0706366204 (260 words)

	Feature Column
		The technique is believed to have traveled first to Italy where the exquisite lace motifs of Punto Taglito and Punto Rialto were executed and later evolved into the Italian reticella patterns, which eventually developed into the Punto Aria patterns of Venetian lace.
		Hardanger is a direct offshoot of reticella embroidery.
		Reti means net and the Italian reticella consisted of a background of double drawn work and cutwork embroidered with motifs of squares, stars, crosses, arrows and wheels which filled the openings.
	www.caron-net.com /apr99files/apr99fea.html (1588 words)

	Needle-made Lace
		Reticella is a form of cutwork, although the term reticella is also used to refer to some punto in aria work.
		One of the reasons that the term reticella is used for both cutwork and punto in aria, is that cutwork was more expensive, but punto in aria was faster and cheaper to produce, therefore merchants could get a higher profit for punto in aria sold as cutwork.
		True reticella (and punto in aria – more space than stitches) didn’t appear until the 1580s.
	www.sca.org.au /broiderers/newsletters/needlelace.html (2006 words)

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