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Topic: Retinol

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Retinol metabolism

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	Vitamin A (Retinol) - MayoClinic.com
		In preliminary study, retinol palmitate significantly reduced rectal symptoms of radiation proctopathy, perhaps because of wound-healing effects.
		As retinol activity equivalents (RAEs), 1 RAE = 1 mcg retinal, 12 mcg beta-carotene, 24 mcg alpha-carotene, or 24 mcg beta cryptoxanthin in foods.
		Ehrenpreis, E. D., Jani, A., Levitsky, J., Ahn, J., and Hong, J. A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of retinol palmitate (vitamin A) for symptomatic chronic radiation proctopathy.
	www.mayoclinic.com /health/vitamin-a/NS_patient-vitamina (4145 words)

	Retinol
		One RE of vitamin A is equal to 3.33 Units of retinol and 10 Units of beta-carotene.
		Breast-feeding females—1200 to 1300 RE (4000 to 4330 Units of retinol or 6000 to 6500 Units as a combination of retinol and beta-carotene) per day.
		Children birth to 3 years of age—375 to 400 RE (1250 to 1330 Units of retinol or 1875 to 2000 Units as a combination of retinol and beta-carotene) per day.
	www.healthtouch.com /bin/EContent_HT/drugShowLfts.asp?fname=usp0072.htm&title=Retinol&cid=HT (2350 words)

	Vitamin A (Retinol) (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Retinol inter-converts between retinyl esters and retinal, and retinoic acid is an end stage product - this distinction is important since they serve different functions: retinoic acid helps maintain the proper growth and differentiation of epithelial cells, whereas retinyl ester, retinol and retinal can all maintain cellular differentiation, support reproduction and prevent blindness.
		In cells the retinol is bound and transported by a specific transport protein, which incorporates the retinol into the newly synthesised chylomicron which enters the lymph.
		Retinol enters the target cell and combines with cellular retinol-binding protein (CRABP) to protect cells from the effects of free retinol or retinoic acid, which can be extremely damaging to cell metabolism.
	www.vnv.org.au /Nutrients/VitaminA.htm (1137 words)

	Retinol (PIM 468)
		Retinol is conjugated with glucuronic acid; the B-glucuronide undergoes enterohepatic circulation and oxidation to retinol and retinoic acid.
		Retinol, retinoic acid and water-soluble metabolites are excreted in faeces and urine.
		Retinol esters are hydrolysed in the gastrointestinal tract, absorbed as retinol and re-esterified mainly to retinal palmitate.
	www.inchem.org /documents/pims/pharm/retinol.htm (5606 words)

	Compare Prices and Read Reviews on St. Ives Retinol Anti-Wrinkle Serum at Epinions.com
		Retinol can be beneficial...this product provided some results but did not live up to its "two week" claims.
		Retinol is the purest form of Vitamin A, a substance believed to improve the appearance of the skin by repairing and stimulating the production of collagen and elastin at the epidermis level.
		Retinol is gentler on the skin than Retin-A though it too can cause skin to feel sensitive and irritated.
	www.epinions.com /content_16611380868 (1672 words)

	Vitamin A (Retinol)
		Serum retinol concentrations in children are affected by food sources of beta-carotene, fat intake, and antihelmintic drug treatment.
		Plasma levels of beta-carotene, lycopene, canthaxanthin, retinol, and alpha- and tau-tocopherol in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cancer.
		Effect of intestinal helminth infection on retinol and beta-carotene status among rural Nepalese.
	www.umm.edu /altmed/ConsSupplements/VitaminARetinolcs.html (4571 words)

	Retinol Creams
		Retinol creams made the headlines several years back with reports of conquering both acne and wrinkles.
		Retinol, a derivative of vitamin A, has been able to live up to the hype by delivering remarkable results for a number of afflictions.
		Retinol is a gentle form of Retin A, and is milder to the skin.
	www.skinspatherapies.com /retinol-creams.html (239 words)

	Retinol Summary
		Retinol, the dietary form of vitamin A, is a fat-soluble, antioxidant vitamin important in vision and bone growth.
		Retinol is ingested in a precursor form; animal sources (milk and eggs) contain retinyl esters, whereas plants (carrots, spinach) contain pro-vitamin A carotenoids.
		During the absorption process in the intestines, retinol is incorporated into chylomicrons as the ester form, and it is these particles that mediate transport to the liver.
	www.bookrags.com /Retinol (3275 words)

	Retinol is pure and active Vitamin A
		Retinol is pure and active Vitamin A. Another well known, synthetic form of Vitamin A is tretinoin, better known as Retin-A®;.
		Vitamin A is one of the few substances with a small enough molecular structure to penetrate the outer layers of the skin and work to repair the lower layers of the skin where collagen and elastin reside.
		Retinyl palmitate is a more stable version of retinol, however, because the skin has to further break down retinyl palmitate, much higher concentrations are required to provide the similar benefits.
	skincarerx.com /retinol.html (396 words)

	Reducing wrinkles with active retinol
		Retinol is just a fancy name for vitamin A or, to be more accurate, retinol is one of several natural forms of vitamin A. Other forms of vitamin A include retinal and retinyl palmitate.
		The rate of conversion of retinol into retinoic acid is low, so a relatively large amount of retinol needs to be delivered into a cell to produce significant effect.
		If retinol concentration is made moderately high (but not too high) it may be enough to produce skin benefits but low enough to avoid skin irritation.
	www.smartskincare.com /treatments/topical/retinol.html (620 words)

	Retinol for treatment of acne and sundamage
		RETINOL is a topical Vitamin A acid referred to as tretinoin or retinoic acid.
		Retinol is a stable, user friendly, over-the-counter preparation of topical Vitamin A. It has the advantage of causing less irritation and fewer side effects over prescription preparations such as Retin-A™; (Ortho Pharmaceuticals).
		Retinol’s effectiveness is due to the fact that skin has receptors for retinoic acid.
	www.yourskindoctor.com /topics/Retinol/retinol.html (281 words)

	Retinol definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
		Retinol definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
		Retinol: Retinol is vitamin A. Carotene compounds (found, for example, in egg yolk, butter and cream) are gradually converted by the body to vitamin A (retinol).
		A form of vitamin A called retinal is responsible for transmitting light sensation in the retina of the eye.
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=8670 (515 words)

	Patent 5,985,296
		For the purposes of the invention, retinol derivatives are defined to mean retinyl esters (vitamin A esters) and vitamin A acid, (retinoic acid).
		Despite the prior art possibility of using.beta.-cyclodextrin or.beta.-cyclodextrin derivatives for the inclusion and stabilization of retinol and retinol derivatives, extra stabilizer substances must necessarily be used with these.beta.-cyclodextrin complexes.
		wherein said retinol and retinol derivative and said.gamma.-cyclodextrin are present in a weight ratio of retinol to.gamma.-cyclodextrin ranging between 1:20 and 1:1.
	www.pharmcast.com /Patents/111699OG/5985296_retinol11699.htm (1154 words)

	Vitamins : Vitamin A - Retinol
		Retinol is one of the most active, or usable, forms of vitamin A, and is found in animal foods such as liver and eggs.
		Retinol, the most useful form of vitamin A, (along with retinal and retinoic acid) is a fat-soluble, antioxidant vitamin important in vision and bone growth.
		Retinol is the immediate precursor to two important active metabolites: retinal, which plays a critical role in vision, and retinoic acid, which serves as an intracellular messenger that affects transcription of a number of genes.
	www.greatvistachemicals.com /vitamins-vitamin/retinol-vitamin-a.html (987 words)

	Retinol Resource Center (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Retinol is a form of Vitamin A that plays an important role in anti-aging skin care.
		With more and more skin care companies including Retinol in their formulations, it is important to learn about this ingredient and its effects on the skin.
		This Retinol resource web site is brought to you by Glow.com as an information resource because we believe that information is key to your skin's health and beauty.
	www.retinolskincare.org (164 words)

	Vitamin A
		The term retinoids refers to retinol and its metabolites, such as retinoic acid, as well as to synthetic analogues that are structurally similar to retinol but may not have the same biological activities as retinol.
		Retinol and retinoic acid have also been found to enhance the antibody response to specific antigens, again, in animals.
		The metabolites of retinol and retinoic acid undergo glucuronidation, glucosylation and amino acylation and are excreted mainly via the biliary route.
	www.pdrhealth.com /drug_info/nmdrugprofiles/nutsupdrugs/vit_0260.shtml (4379 words)

	Vitamin A (Retinol)
		We investigated the associations of serum retinol, the carotenoids beta-carotene and lycopene, and tocopherol (vitamin E) with the risk of prostate cancer in a nested case-control study.
		The effects of a combination of 30 mg of beta carotene per day and 25,000 IU of retinol (vitamin A) in the form of retinyl palmitate per day on the primary end point, the incidence of luew cases of lung cancer were diagnosed during the 73,135 person-years of follow-up (mean length of follow-up, 4.0 years).
		The aim of the trial was to determine whether treatment with these vitamins or their combination could affect the prevalence of oral leukoplakia and/or protect against progression of oral leukoplakia and esophagitis, conditions considered to be precursors of cancer of the mouth and esophagus.
	www.lef.org /prod_hp/abstracts/php-ab401.html (5629 words)

	retinol a : Skinfo® - Specialty Skincare Boutique
		Retinol is Vitamin A (Vitamin A is made from beta carotene (pro-vitamin A) which is what gives carrots their orange color and is an antioxidant found in many fruits and vegetables.
		A weaker retinoid than retinoic acid (approximately a 10 fold higher concentration of retinol is needed to produce effects similar to a retinoic acid), retinol converts to retinoic acid once on the skin.
		Retinols need to be both made and stored in a low oxygen environment (sealed preferably metal container) due to their instability when air hits them.
	www.skinfo.com /pages/retinol/34.php (219 words)

	Roc Retinol Skin Care.
		For 12 hours microspheres continuously release retinol, pure and active Vitamin A. Reinvigorated, the skin actively renews itself and wrinkles are visibly smoothed from within.
		RETINOL Anti-Wrinkle treatment should be used at night, when the skin is most receptive for repair.
		Its exclusive combination of pure Retinol and CollagenOx Complex reduces wrinkles for a visible anti aging effect on the eye contour.
	www.naturalyours.com /Roc/roc_retinol_skin_care.htm (760 words)

	Retinol
		Retinol is destoryed in the presence of oxygen and light; however, when in a dry form, this vitamin is stable.
		RNA is a nucleic acid that is a single strand of molecules that is complementary to the strand of DNA (dioxyribonucleic acid).
		If the diet is lacking retinol, the body will pull from the stores in the liver; however, zinc is needed to transport this vitamin.
	www.nutritiondynamics.com /cgi-bin/process.asp?product=Retinol (783 words)

	Retinol .10% Molecular Serum (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Retinol serum is necessary for the growth, maintenance and function of the skin.
		Retinol is a derivative of Vitamin A. It is enzymatically converted in the human skin to Retinoic Acid.
		Retinol works by stimulating the body's production of collagen, (one of the key building blocks of skin).
	www.platinumskincare.com /retinol-.10-percent-molecular-serum.htm (527 words)

	Reducing wrinkles with active retinol
		Firstly, a cream with too high a concentration of retinol may be almost as irritating as retinoic acid.
		Secondly, retinol is relatively unstable, so most creams lose potency during storage and use.
		(Caution: neither tretinoin or retinol should be used in the event of continuing chronic side-effects.) For more on pros, cons and practical use of tretinoin and other retinoids see Skin Rejuvenation Infopack.
	www.smartskincare.com /treatments/retinol.html (620 words)

	Skin Care Myths and Misconceptions: Retinol vs Retin A
		Retinol and other forms of vitamin A, such as retinal and retinyl palmitate, do not have much direct effect on the skin.
		In theory, one should be able to apply retinol to the skin, wait till it gets converted to retinoic acid, and eventually get the known skin benefits of the latter.
		As a result, significantly less people respond to retinol creams than to retinoic acid (tretinoin, Retin A), and the degree of response tends to be less too.
	www.smartskincare.com /smartchoices/myths/myth_retinol_retina.html (395 words)

	BENEV Retinol Cream 1oz (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Retinol Cream, with.50% retinol, applied externally, penetrates deep into the skin, where it becomes fully operative.
		Retinol is Vitamin A in its purest and most active form.
		Retinol not only improves the appearance of existing wrinkles, but also helps to prevent wrinkles.
	www.acnecur.com /BENEVRetinolCream1oz.html (287 words)

	Retinol (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Retinol assists in the rejuvenation process that maintains a more youthful appearance.
		Retinol does not irritate the skin or cause redness or peeling.
		Retinol works with Alpha Lipoic Acid and NTP Complex to provide maximum benefits, effectively and gently.
	www.nvperriconemd.co.uk /acatalog/HTML/retinol.html (73 words)

	Vitamin A
		The most useable form of the vitamin is retinol, often called preformed vitamin A as it is the active form in the body.
		Retinol (an alcohol) can only be found in animal sources and can be converted by the body into retinal (an aldehyde) and retinoic acid (a carboxylic acid), other active forms of vitamin A. Top
		Retinol is sensitive to oxidation by the air.
	www.chm.bris.ac.uk /webprojects2002/schnepp/vitamina.html (561 words)

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