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Topic: Retrovirus

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	Retrovirus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A retrovirus is a virus which has a genome consisting of two RNA molecules, which may or may not be identical.
		The term "retro" in retrovirus refers to this reversal of the central dogma of molecular biology.
		The Stargate Atlantis (ATA gene theraphy, the anti-Wraith retrovirus)
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Retrovirus (651 words)

	Retrovirus: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		A provirus is a retrovirus that has integrated itself into the dna of a host cell....
		The term "retro" in retrovirus refers to this reversal of the Central dogma of molecular biology[For more facts and a topic of this subject, click this link].
		Human t-lymphotropic virus (htlv) is a human, single-stranded rna retrovirus that causes t-cell leukemia and t-cell lymphoma in adults and...
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/r/re/retrovirus.htm (1803 words)

	HIV & AIDS - Interview Luc Montagnier
		And characterised as a retrovirus not only by its visual properties, but also biochemically, RT [reverse transcriptase] activity which is truly specific of retroviruses.
		DT: Let me come back on the rules of retrovirus isolation which are : culture, purification at the density of retroviruses, EM photographs of the material at the retrovirus density, characterisation of the particles, proof of the infectivity of the particles.
		Is it perhaps a mouse retrovirus or an animal retrovirus?".
	www.virusmyth.net /aids/data/dtinterviewlm.htm (3339 words)

	Retrovirus at ViraText.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Retrovirus silencer blocking by the cHS4 insulator is CTCF independent -- Yao et al.
		The Retrovirus Conference, one of the most important scientific gatherings of the year, is a forum for basic and clinical investigators to present the latest research in the field of retrovirology, HIV/AIDS, and opportunistic infections.
		is derived from an endogenous retrovirus unrelated to MLV (12, 13).
	www.viratext.com /new/retrovirus.html (2444 words)

	retrovirus on Encyclopedia.com
		RETROVIRUS [retrovirus] type of RNA virus that, unlike other RNA viruses, reproduces by transcribing itself into DNA.
		RNA lariat may tie up loose ends to decades-old mystery of retrovirus life cycle; Studies of baker's yeast may lead to drugs to fight HIV.
		Lack of Evidence of Endogenous Avian Leukosis Virus and Endogenous Avian Retrovirus Transmission to Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Vaccine Recipients.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/r1/retrov.asp (345 words)

	HIV & AIDS - The Isolation of HIV; Has it really been achieved? The case against
		The basis of this exception is the fact that "one of the most striking features that distinguishes retroviruses from all other animal viruses is the presence in the chromosomes of normal uninfected cells, of genomes with those of infectious viruses".(83) In fact, a cell may contain the genome of many retroviruses.
		One way which will suggest but will not prove that the cells acquired virus from the outside (exogenously acquired retrovirus, infectious retrovirus) and have not assembled a retrovirus from information already existing in normal cells (endogenous retrovirus) is to conduct experiments that use controls, that is, to run in parallel with test cultures/cocultures control cultures/cocultures.
		This evidence was interpreted as proving that the "HIV DNA", the retrovirus, originated from the AIDS patients and in fact that these patient acquired it from the outside, that is, the retrovirus was exogenous.
	www.virusmyth.net /aids/data/epreplypd.htm (12092 words)

	Diagram of a Retrovirus
		In addition to RNA, retrovirus particles also contain the enzyme reverse transcriptase (or RTase), which causes synthesis of a complementary DNA molecule (cDNA) using virus RNA as a template.
		When a retrovirus infects a cell, it injects its RNA into the cytoplasm of that cell along with the reverse transcriptase enzyme.
		The virus that causes AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) is a retrovirus.
	www.accessexcellence.org /AB/GG/diagram.html (151 words)

	Retrovirus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		It relies on reverse transcriptase to perform a kind of reverse of its genome from RNA into DNA for insertion by integrase into the host's genome.
		The virus is just a storage form for its the reverse transcription takes place in the cytosol.
		A retrovirus' genome integrated into the genome is called a provirus.
	www.freeglossary.com /Retrovirus (282 words)

	Retrovirus receptors -- Sommerfelt 80 (12): 3049 -- Journal of General Virology
		epitope of simian retrovirus serotype 1 (SRV-1), a molecule
		Retrovirus receptors that remain to be definitively identified and cloned
		Benjamini, E., Torres, J. V., Werner, L. and Malley, A. Isolation and characterisation of the neutralisable epitope of simian retrovirus type 1 (SRV-1) and of the cell receptor for the virus.
	vir.sgmjournals.org /cgi/content/full/80/12/3049 (8066 words)

	Retrovirus-Associated Heparan Sulfate Mediates Immobilization and Gene Transfer on Recombinant Fibronectin -- Lei et ...
		Quantitation of retrovirus adsorption on FN by an ELISA for p30 capsid protein (virus binding assay).
		Amphotropic retrovirus was incubated with a polyclonal anti-gp70
		Amphotropic (Ampho) or gp70-deficient (Phoenix-gp) retrovirus was treated with different concentrations of HS as indicated.
	jvi.asm.org /cgi/content/full/76/17/8722 (4913 words)

	SIMIAN RETROVIRUS
		If infection were confined primarily to the disease population, this would provide strong evidence for a causative role of type D retrovirus in disease.
		If, however, the rate of infection in the colony is high, as with cytomegalovirus, it would not be surprising to recover the virus with high frequency from immunodeficient animals.
		Type D retrovirus could play an important role in the pathogenesis of the disease without being primarily responsible for the immunodeficiency.
	www.aegis.com /aidsline/1987/may/M8750353.html (401 words)

	biology - Retrovirus
		Spumavirus A retrovirus is a virus which has a genome consisting of two identical plus sense RNA molecules.
		This enables the virus to grow resistant to antiviral pharmaceuticals quickly, and is one of the main reasons why an effective vaccine for HIV has not been developed yet.
		Among others, retrovirus genomes commonly contain three genes, that encode proteins that can be found back in the mature virus:
	www.biologydaily.com /biology/Retrovirus (477 words)

	Retroviruses
		There is considerable diversity between various types of retrovirus; the following is a generalized description of the particle.
		All retrovirus genomes consist of two molecules of RNA, which are s/s, (+)sense and have 5' cap and 3' poly-(A) (equivalent to mRNA).
		N.B. - some types of retrovirus, notably Lentiviruses, are capable of infecting cells by direct cell-to-cell contact, without the formation of infectious extracellular particles.
	www.mcb.uct.ac.za /cann/335/Retroviruses.html (1984 words)

	Study Shows Link Between Retrovirus and Schizophrenia
		A study released April 10, 2001, provides compelling evidence that there is a link between schizophrenia and a virus from the family HERV-W. This is a virus that is present in the environment and is often found in a person’s DNA.
		While 29 percent of those with acute schizophrenia showed the most evidence of the activated retrovirus, just 7 percent of those with chronic schizophrenia showed signs of the activated retrovirus.
		The retrovirus Yolken and his colleagues studied is called "endogenous retrovirus," and worked its way into the human genetic code millions of years ago, he says.
	www.namiscc.org /newsletters/May01/virualcause.htm (1110 words)

	Retrovirus silencer blocking by the cHS4 insulator is CTCF independent -- Yao et al. 31 (18): 5317 -- Nucleic Acids ...
		Retrovirus silencer blocking by the cHS4 insulator is CTCF independent
		The MSCV retrovirus vector sequence acts as a dominant silencer of the human LCRß-globin reporter gene in the fetal liver of transgenic mice (16,21).
		MSCV retrovirus silencer blocking by cHS4 permits expression of the human LCRß-globin reporter gene in transgenic mice.
	nar.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/31/18/5317 (4502 words)

	Retrovirus vector production and transduction: modulation by the cell cycle -- Dolnikov et al. 84 (11): 3131 -- Journal ...
		Retrovirus vector titre correlates with GFP expression in retrovirus vector-producing cells
		Retrovirus NGFR expression in virus-producing cells and in human Jurkat cells infected with virus.
		Miller, D. G., Adam, M. and Miller, A. Gene transfer by retrovirus vectors occurs only in cells that are actively replicating at the time of infection.
	vir.sgmjournals.org /cgi/content/full/84/11/3131 (5528 words)

	Retroviruses
		In February 1997 it was reported that pig cells contain a retrovirus capable of infecting human cells (at least, in vitro).
		This is troublesome because of the efforts that are being made to transplant pig tissue into humans (e.g., fetal pig cells into the brains of patients with Parkinson's disease).
		Several cancers in animals are caused by retroviruses that have, at some earlier time, picked up a proto-oncogene from their mammalian host and converted it into an oncogene.
	users.rcn.com /jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/R/Retroviruses.html (501 words)

	Cancer Spectrum: Palmarini et al., pp. 1603-1614.
		OPA is caused by a retrovirus known as jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus
		Schematic representation of the genome of jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV).
		Further evidence for a retrovirus as the aetiological agent of sheep pulmonary adenomatosis (jaagsiekte).
	jncicancerspectrum.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/jnci;93/21/1603 (6561 words)

	retrovirus articles on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Retrovirus Articles Find physician reviewed articles on retrovirus.
		retrovirus RETROVIRUS [retrovirus] type of RNA virus that, unlike other RNA viruses, reproduces by transcribing itself into DNA.
		AIDS AIDS [AIDS] or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, fatal disease caused by a rapidly mutating retrovirus that attacks the immune system and leaves the victim vulnerable to infections, malignancies, and neurological disorders.
	www.encyclopedia.com /articles/10914.html (435 words)

	Long-term expression of gamma -globin mRNA in mouse erythrocytes from retrovirus vectors containing the human gamma ...
		Long-term expression of gamma -globin mRNA in mouse erythrocytes from retrovirus vectors containing the human gamma -globin gene fused to the ankyrin-1 promoter -- Sabatino et al.
		The single-copy retrovirus producer cell line was generated by cotransfection of GC Ank/
		FACS analysis of g-globin chains of red blood cells from long-term repopulated mice transplanted with bone marrow cells exposed to the single- or double-copy retrovirus vectors.
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/97/24/13294 (3824 words)

	Retrovirus definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Retroviruses have an enzyme called reverse transcriptase that gives them the unique property of transcribing RNA (their RNA) into DNA.
		The retroviral DNA can then integrate into the chromosomal DNA of the host cell to be expressed there.
		The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the cause of AIDS, is a retrovirus.
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=5344 (235 words)

	retrovirus - OneLook Dictionary Search
		Tip: Click on the first link on a line below to go directly to a page where "retrovirus" is defined.
		Retrovirus (m), retrovirus, retrovirus, retrovirus, retrovirus (het) : AllWords.com Multi-Lingual Dictionary [home, info]
		Retrovirus : Ethics, Law and Science of Using New Genetic Technology in Medicine and Agriculture [home, info]
	www.onelook.com /?w=retrovirus (262 words)

	BioMed Central \| Full text \| Retrovirus-delivered siRNA
		Selection of stable clones has been demonstrated with plasmid vectors, although this process requires several weeks or months and is ultimately problematic due to potential clonal effects.
		Indeed, the U6 promoter has been successfully modified by incorporation of tetracycline (Tet)-operator sites [8]; this may prove useful when studying "essential" genes.
		Once engineered into a retrovirus, this system could be used to study early-stage events associated with knocking-out a specific gene, such as changes in gene expression, protein localization, or cellular architecture.
	www.biomedcentral.com /1472-6750/2/15 (2633 words)

	iDevGames - Contest - Downloads - Viewing Retrovirus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Connect 3 or more balls in a row to fight back the virus thats taken root and begun infesting.
		The more time left remaining and the bigger you combos the more points and stars you'll earn.
		Also, it would be way sweeter if the whole background and everything rotated when you rotated.
	www.idevgames.com /contest/downloads/details.php?file=27 (251 words)

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