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Topic: Revolutionary Government Junta (El Salvador)

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Revolutionary Government Junta

History of El Salvador

President of El Salvador

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	El Salvador (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		El Salvador is located between the North Pacific Ocean to the south and southwest, with Guatemala in the north-northwest and Honduras to the north-northeast.
		El Salvador is struggling to cope with growing gang violence, perpetrated by groups such as Mara Salvatrucha and the 18th Street Gang.
		El Salvador is bathed by the warm waters of the Pacific Ocean in the south.
	www.travelcentralamericabc.com /el-salvador.html (2497 words)

	Comparative Criminology \| North America - El Salvador (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		El Salvador's early history as an independent state--as with others in Central America--was marked by frequent revolutions; not until the period 1900-30 was relative stability achieved.
		El Salvador's penal and procedural codes were derived from the established precedents of nineteenth-century Spanish jurisprudence and therefore follow the standard Latin American pattern.
		El Salvador is a transshipment country for narcotics, mainly cocaine, destined for the U.S. Local consumption is a growing problem.
	www-rohan.sdsu.edu /faculty/rwinslow/namerica/el_salvador.html (10862 words)

	A short history of El Salvador
		In 1524 El Salvador is seized by Spain, that adds the region to the Capitanate-General of Guatemala inside the Vice-Royalty of Mexico.
		El Salvador secedes from the federation in 1839 and becomes independent as El Salvador, from 1859 Republic of El Salvador.
		His governments achieves in 1992 a peace agreement to end the civil war: the opposing sides sign peace accords which end the war, brings the military under civilian control, and allows the former guerillas to form a legitimate political party and participate in elections.
	www.electionworld.org /history/elsalvador.htm (694 words)

	El Salvador - Revolutionary Groups
		From the guerrilla perspective, El Salvador was seen as divided into three different "fields of struggle" depending on the nature of their activities there.
		The "liberated areas" or "zones of control," in the north and east, were areas where communications with the rest of the country had been cut off, where the government and the military had not established a permanent presence, and where strings of guerrilla camps exerted influence over the local population.
		Government wage scales either excluded women from permanent labor positions; set a lower minimum wage for women, along with boys under sixteen and the handicapped; or did not pay women at all if they worked in a men's crew.
	countrystudies.us /el-salvador/37.htm (1012 words)

	Bowling for Columbine : Library : What a Wonderful World
		El Salvador, the most densely populated country in Central America, was a logical setting for unrest.
		The United States continued to fund El Salvador's military even after these murders, and the murders of four American church women, and despite this state department report urging against military funding and this report on government violence against citizens.
		A UN truth commission report found that two-thirds of the El Salvadorans convicted of atrocities were trained at the United States' School of the Americas (due to bad press, it‚s now the Western Hemisphere Institute for Security Cooperation), based at Fort Benning, in Georgia.
	www.bowlingforcolumbine.com /library/wonderful/elsalvador.php (939 words)

	ElSalvador (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The seeds of the civil war in El Salvador in the 1980s can be found both in the colonial and post-colonial period, but I will focus on after the country gained its independence from the Spanish in 1821.
		In 1983 the junta, headed by Duarte, drafted a new constitution, there was an interim president, Magaa, until March '84, and then at the elections in 1984, Duarte won justly against the ARENA candidate.
		Aided by the UN, he called for direct dialogue between the government and the guerrillas, which eventually led to the Chapultepec Accord that was signed by the government and FMLN on December 31, 1991.
	www.lclark.edu /~woodrich/elsalvador.html (916 words)

	Revolutionary Government Junta of El Salvador - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		They were inspired by left-wing politics, and wanted to project a moderate image of government, initiating a program of land reform and nationalization of the banking, coffee, and sugar industries.
		However, the El Salvadoran Armed Forces (ESAF) maintained the same close ties with rightist death squads under the new government as it had before, and exerted considerable pressure on any government official who attempted to stop their abuses.
		On December 7 Majano was expelled from the junta, and on December 22 Duarte became head of the Junta, and also the head of state.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Revolutionary_Government_Junta_of_El_Salvador (403 words)

	Annual Report 1979-1980 Chapter V El Salvador
		According to information received, approximately 600 peasants from El Salvador (other information places the figure between 300 and 1,500) may have lost their lives as they were trying to cross the border and enter Honduras, as a result of coordinated actions attributable to troops of the Salvadorian Government.
		The Governing Revolutionary Junta, on the same day it issued the agrarian reform decree, reestablished the state of siege for the alleged purpose of preventing those forces that would challenge agrarian reform from achieving their purposes.
		These conditions clearly are not consistent with the purposes announced by the Governing revolutionary Junta, which justified its assumption of power by the need for change in the social-economic structure of the country and the deteriorating situation of human rights, as verified in the earlier report of the Commission.
	www.cidh.oas.org /annualrep/79.80eng/chap.5c.htm (4129 words)

	Historical Overview: El Salvador \| New Day Films
		Social discontent increases in response to the government's corruption and repression and to the growing poverty throughout the country.
		Violence increases dramatically in early 1979, as government sponsored killings, mass arrests, and tortures are directed against student and labor organizations and the Catholic church.
		The governments of Guatemala and El Salvador have attacked civilians and suppressed dissent, and have been condemned by the international community as violators of human rights.
	www.newday.com /guides/mango/20histelsal.html (1741 words)

	Equipo Nizkor - Report of the UN Truth Commission on El Salvador
		Governments of friendly countries and organizations the world over that had looked on in anguish at the tragic events in that Central American country which, although small, was made great by the creativity of its people -all contributed their ideas to the process of reflection.
		El Salvador ratified the Covenant on 30 November 1979 and the American Convention on 23 June 1978.
		The Government and institutions of the United States brought strong pressure to bear on the proceedings, for the United States Congress was considering emergency assistance to El Salvador.
	www.derechos.org /nizkor/salvador/informes/truth.html (18266 words)

	El Salvador. Background Notes, August 2000 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		El Salvador's early history as an independent state -- as with others in Central America -- was marked by frequent revolutions; not until the period 1900-30 was relative stability achieved.
		El Salvador is a democratic republic governed by a president and an 84-member unicameral Legislative Assembly.
		El Salvador's external debt decreased sharply in 1993, chiefly as a result of an agreement under which the United States forgave about $461 million of official debt.
	www.pdgs.org.ar /country/salvador-ci.htm (5400 words)

	President's Central America Trip: El Salvador
		El Salvador's early history as an independent state-as with others in Central America-was marked by frequent revolutions; not until the period 1900-1930 was relative stability achieved.
		Also in 1993, the Government of El Salvador and the UN established the Joint Group to investigate whether illegal, armed, politically motivated groups continued to exist after the signing of the peace accords.
		El Salvador is a member of the United Nations and several of its specialized agencies; the Organization of American States (OAS); the Central American Common Market (CACM); the Central American Parliament (PARLACEN); and the Central American Integration System (SICA).
	clinton3.nara.gov /WH/New/centralam/elsalvador.html (4964 words)

	ART FOR A CHANGE: Art in Action: El Salvador
		In 1979 the mass movement for social change in El Salvador was thwarted by an army coup d'etat that brought a vicious military junta to power.
		During the decade that followed, Salvadoran government forces and right-wing death squads were responsible for the torture and murder of some 70,000 civilians - which included the assassination of Archbishop Oscar Arnulfo Romero and the killing of four U.S. churchwomen in 1980.
		El Salvador: Work of Thirty Photographers, is a must see exhibit of great consequence, especially in these days of endless war.
	www.art-for-a-change.com /blog/2005/09/art-in-action-el-salvador.html (756 words)

	Elections: Latin American Studies: Collections:SSHL
		Krehm 1957: On December 14 the government is overthrown and the Revolutionary Council (Consejo de Gobierno Revolucionario) is established headed by Colonel Manuel de Jesus Cordova.
		El Salvador 1982: "...the opposition parties withdrew their candidates from the 1956 elections in protest.
		ICSPS El Salvador 1967: "Lemus, a hand-picked candidate of Osorio, was elected president unopposed, after three of the five opposition candidates had been declared ineligible by the army-controlled election board, and after the other two had withdrawn in protest" (pages 8 and 28-29).
	sshl.ucsd.edu /collections/las/elsalvador/1934.html (2929 words)

	"El Salvador: Revolution or Death" by Peter Steven
		Made in 1980, in El Salvador and Holland by a Dutch crew, REVOLUTION OR DEATH is a particularly important film for North Americans right now because it tackles head on the view of the U.S. administration and the mass media "interpretations," which have parroted that government position to the letter.
		Both the Carter and Reagan governments have argued that the problem in El Salvador is violence from the extreme left and right.
		At a news conference held by the junta the next day — also documented by the film — an official states that no troops were stationed in the square during the mass.
	www.ejumpcut.org /archive/onlinessays/JC26folder/ElSalRevOrDeath.html (1649 words)

	Brief History of Government
		He was deposed in October 1979, but the military-civilian junta that replaced him was unable to stop the civil war between leftists and rightist.
		At the same time, the junta, which was closeley linked to the right through the army, did little to control the rightist paramilitary National Guard.
		This site is dedicated to all the inocent casualties of the civil war of El Salvador, many of whom were killed for fighting in what they believed.....their land and their freedom.
	www.geocities.com /CapitolHill/9748/his_eng.html (512 words)

	Cinergía Movie File: Salvador (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Conflicts between the Salvadoran government and military against the FMLN are discussed, as well as the subvert war between the military and citizens as they tried to impede support to the FMLN.
		For instance, cables and reports from the U.S. embassy in San Salvador verify the involvement of high-ranking members of the armed forces and of ARENA in the planning and operation of death-squad activities in El Salvador in the 1980’s-19890’s.
		It is a scene that preludes his unjust assassination by one of the government’s men in the midst of communion, and sets off a chaotic rush of people fleeing in terror while the military attacks unarmed townspeople.
	lilt.ilstu.edu /smexpos/cinergia/salvador.htm (3689 words)

	Enemies of War - Timeline 1980-1988
		Father Ignacio Ellacuria, a Jesuit professor at the University of Central America (UCA) in El Salvador, receives death threats and the campus is bombed twice.
		Four U.S. churchwomen in El Salvador are abducted, raped and killed.
		In December, approximately 1,000 villagers are massacred by the Salvadoran army in and around the village of El Mozote.
	www.pbs.org /enemiesofwar/timeline.html (376 words)

	El Salvador's Election: The Party Lineup
		Pressures for change increased dramatically in the 1960s and 1970s when El Salvador underwent an economic surge, surpassing all other Central American countries in growth A consequence of this growth was the rise of a middle class that was less tolerant of the closed political system dominated by the traditional elites.
		Duarte had left El Salvador in 1972 after an election he is widely believed to have won was altered in favor of Col. Arturo Armando Molina of the National Reconcilia tion Party.
		Under Duarte, El Salvador's agricultural, banking and export systems were changed extensively under state management Guillermo Ungo left the junta to join the guerrilla movement.
	www.heritage.org /Research/LatinAmerica/bg339.cfm (2915 words)

	Enrique Alvarez: Presente!
		This was the civilian, political opposition to the military-dominated government, and the assassinations ended any hope for a political settlement of El Salvador's escalating conflict.
		Napole--n Duarte, soon to be president of El Salvador with strong US backing, was the leading civilian member of the governing junta.
		A new military/civilian junta brought some of the nation's best and brightest into a "revolutionary" government pledged to an impressive program of reforms, which were supposedly backed by the armed forces.
	www.afsc.org /pwork/1100/112k11.htm (1711 words)

	El Salvador
		Mexico; Province of San Salvador is part of the
		2 Feb 1841 Secession formally decreed (El Salvador).
		(from 11 Jan 1822, President of the Junta of Government)
	www.worldstatesmen.org /El_Salvador.html (1497 words)

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