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Topic: Revolutionary Junta (El Salvador)

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	El Salvador - Search View - MSN Encarta
		El Salvador, republic in north-eastern Central America, bounded on the north and east by Honduras, on the extreme south-east by the Gulf of Fonseca, on the south by the Pacific Ocean, and on the west and north-west by Guatemala.
		The climate of the coastal strip is tropical; that of the plateau and highlands is semi-tropical and temperate; the mountain regions have a temperate climate.
		El Salvador gained independence on January 1, 1841, after the break-up of the federation; during the remainder of the 19th century the history of El Salvador was a turbulent one.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /text_761557648__1/El_Salvador.html (3370 words)

	El Salvador - Search View - MSN Encarta
		El Salvador’s population, 5.2 million according to the 1992 census, was estimated at 6,822,378 in 2006.
		El Salvador’s trade deficit was partially offset by substantial amounts of economic assistance and credit from the United States and other Western countries and by about $800 million in payments sent from Salvadorans living abroad to their families.
		El Salvador regained a prominent role in the Central American federation, whose capital was moved in 1834 to Sonsonate, in western El Salvador, and in 1835 to San Salvador.
	encarta.msn.com /text_761557648__1/Salvador_El.html (9123 words)

	EL SALVADOR, (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		El Salvador consists of a central plateau, cut by river valleys and lying between two volcanic mountain ranges that run E to W. A narrow Pacific coastal belt is less than 24 km (less than 15 mi) wide.
		The population of El Salvador (1992 prelim.) was 5,047,925, giving the country an overall population density of about 240 persons per sq km (about 621 per sq mi),which is the highest density of any country in Central America.
		El Salvador gained independence on Jan. 1, 1841, after the breakup of the federation; during the remainder of the 19th century the history of El Salvador was a turbulent one.
	www.history.com /encyclopedia.do?articleId=208466 (2669 words)

	Salvador Allende - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Salvador Isabelino del Sagrado Corazón de Jesús Allende Gossens (July 26, 1908 – September 11, 1973) was President of Chile from September 1970 until his removal from power and death in September 1973.
		The junta alleged that the plot was to be no less than a blueprint for assassinations of military leaders and general "mass murder".
		In 1972, Salvador Allende suggesed the Nazi hunter Simon Wiesenthal to ask the Chilean Supreme Court to extradite former SS Colonel Walther Rauff to Germany.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Salvador_Allende (4642 words)

	A short history of El Salvador
		In 1524 El Salvador is seized by Spain, that adds the region to the Capitanate-General of Guatemala inside the Vice-Royalty of Mexico.
		El Salvador secedes from the federation in 1839 and becomes independent as El Salvador, from 1859 Republic of El Salvador.
		From 1911 on El Salvador is a presidential democracy.
	www.electionworld.org /history/elsalvador.htm (694 words)

	El Salvador - HISTORY
		The future course of reform in El Salvador was thus uncertain, as the nation entered the 1980s burdened with the legacies of economic and social inequality and political exclusion of the middle and lower classes by the elite.
		El Salvador thus was relegated to the status of a backwater of the Spanish Empire.
		El Salvador is a small country with a large and rapidly growing population and a severely limited amount of available land.
	www.mongabay.com /reference/country_studies/el-salvador/HISTORY.html (15854 words)

	Revolutionary Government Junta of El Salvador - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		However, the El Salvadoran Armed Forces (ESAF) maintained the same close ties with rightist death squads under the new government as it had before, and exerted considerable pressure on any government official who attempted to stop their abuses.
		On December 7 Majano was expelled from the junta, and on December 22 Duarte became head of the Junta, and also the head of state.
		Then the new Congress chose Álvaro Alfredo Magaña Borja to become the new President of El Salvador, which resulted in the end of the Junta on May 2.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Revolutionary_Government_Junta_(El_Salvador) (403 words)

	Comparative Criminology \| North America - El Salvador
		El Salvador's early history as an independent state--as with others in Central America--was marked by frequent revolutions; not until the period 1900-30 was relative stability achieved.
		El Salvador's penal and procedural codes were derived from the established precedents of nineteenth-century Spanish jurisprudence and therefore follow the standard Latin American pattern.
		El Salvador is a transshipment country for narcotics, mainly cocaine, destined for the U.S. Local consumption is a growing problem.
	www-rohan.sdsu.edu /faculty/rwinslow/namerica/el_salvador.html (10862 words)

	El Salvador Sets the Example for Success
		El Salvador may be involved because the country itself has struggled through numerous regimes and a deadly civil war before beginning their successful democratic way of governance.
		The Junta in El Salvador in 1980 was attempting to adjust these figures to keep the PCS from using this as a way to start a revolution.
		El Salvador has been successful at maintaining its democracy since the end of their civil war in 1992.
	www.faoa.org /journal/Salvador.html (4399 words)

	Annual Report 1979-1980 Chapter V El Salvador
		According to information received, approximately 600 peasants from El Salvador (other information places the figure between 300 and 1,500) may have lost their lives as they were trying to cross the border and enter Honduras, as a result of coordinated actions attributable to troops of the Salvadorian Government.
		El Salvador is known to be the most densely populated country in the American Hemisphere.
		The Governing Revolutionary Junta, on the same day it issued the agrarian reform decree, reestablished the state of siege for the alleged purpose of preventing those forces that would challenge agrarian reform from achieving their purposes.
	www.cidh.org /annualrep/79.80eng/chap.5c.htm (4129 words)

	El Salvador News
		A woman deported from Vancouver is stranded at El Salvador International Airport, unable to leave the terminal after being abandoned by Canadian immigration officers who took her there in handcuffs nearly a...
		The government of El Salvador is urging 225,000 of its citizens in the U.S. to renew a temporary visa that would legally extend their stay for another year.
		SAN SALVADOR, El Salvador - A spike in the number of murders of gang members and criminals in El Salvador is raising concern that resurgent death squads are carrying out "social cleansing," the Catholic Church...
	www.topix.net /world/el-salvador (679 words)

	Bowling for Columbine : Library : What a Wonderful World
		El Salvador, the most densely populated country in Central America, was a logical setting for unrest.
		The United States continued to fund El Salvador's military even after these murders, and the murders of four American church women, and despite this state department report urging against military funding and this report on government violence against citizens.
		A UN truth commission report found that two-thirds of the El Salvadorans convicted of atrocities were trained at the United States' School of the Americas (due to bad press, it‚s now the Western Hemisphere Institute for Security Cooperation), based at Fort Benning, in Georgia.
	www.bowlingforcolumbine.com /library/wonderful/elsalvador.php (939 words)

	El Salvador - History
		El Salvador's population numbers about 6.0 million; almost 90% is of mixed Indian and Spanish extraction.
		El Salvador's early history as an independent state -- as with others in Central America -- was marked by frequent revolutions; not until the period 1900-30 was relative stability achieved.
		A ceremony held on December 15 1992 marked the official end of the conflict concurrent with the demobilization of the last elements of the FMLN military structure and the FMLN's inception as a political party.
	www.spot-el-salvador.com /History-3.html (1084 words)

	El Salvador REPRESSION AND REFORM UNDER MILITARY RULE - Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resources, ...
		The coup leaders established a junta, which was referred to as the Revolutionary Council; it included three mid-level officers and two civilian professionals.
		For the elite, the government's emphasis on economic development was pointless under such a climate; the emerging middle class likewise felt a threat to its gains from the specter of revolution; and the military reacted almost reflexively to the spectacle of a president who had lost control.
		Castillo's presence, along with the renewed reformist policies of the junta, convinced the elite and the conservative military officers that the government was influenced by communism.
	workmall.com /wfb2001/el_salvador/el_salvador_history_repression_and_reform_under_military_rule.html (1607 words)

	El Salvador
		El Salvador's early history as an independent state-as with others in Central America-was marked by frequent revolutions; not until the period 1900-1930 was relative stability achieved.
		El Salvador is a democratic republic governed by a president and an 84-member unicameral Legislative Assembly.
		El Salvador is a member of the United Nations and several of its specialized agencies; the Organization of American States (OAS); the Central American Common Market (CACM); the Central American Parliament (PARLACEN); and the Central American Integration System (SICA).
	www.onlinelearning.net /instructors/smurr/latam/MxCen/elsalv.html (5750 words)

	Background Note: El Salvador (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Government of El Salvador is a democratic republic governed by the president and Legislative Assembly.
		The civilian-military junta which came to power in 1979 instituted an ambitious land reform program to redress the inequities of the past, respond to the legitimate grievances of the rural poor, and promote more broadly based growth in the agricultural sector.
		El Salvador is a member of the United Nations and several of its specialized agencies and the Organization of American States (OAS).
	dosfan.lib.uic.edu /erc/bgnotes/wha/elsalvador9302.html (4749 words)

	El Salvador, 1980-1992
		El Salvador is small country, with heavy population pressure which grows more serious annually.
		Map of El Salvador, with three main airfields used by the FAS during the war.
		The US advisors in El Salvador soon found themselves experiencing the same as their predecessors in Vietnam: the FMLN strongholds along the Honduran border and in the south of the country were simply too strong for the government forces to attack directly.
	www.acig.org /artman/publish/article_158.shtml (8054 words)

	Annual Report 1979-1980 Chapter V El Salvador
		According to information received, approximately 600 peasants from El Salvador (other information places the figure between 300 and 1,500) may have lost their lives as they were trying to cross the border and enter Honduras, as a result of coordinated actions attributable to troops of the Salvadorian Government.
		The Governing Revolutionary Junta, on the same day it issued the agrarian reform decree, reestablished the state of siege for the alleged purpose of preventing those forces that would challenge agrarian reform from achieving their purposes.
		These conditions clearly are not consistent with the purposes announced by the Governing revolutionary Junta, which justified its assumption of power by the need for change in the social-economic structure of the country and the deteriorating situation of human rights, as verified in the earlier report of the Commission.
	www.cidh.oas.org /annualrep/79.80eng/chap.5c.htm (4129 words)

	Equipo Nizkor - Report of the UN Truth Commission on El Salvador
		As this Commission submits its report, El Salvador is embarked on a positive and irreversible process of consolidation of internal peace and modification of conduct for the maintenance of a genuine, lasting climate of national coexistence.
		El Salvador ratified the Covenant on 30 November 1979 and the American Convention on 23 June 1978.
		Although the armed conflict in El Salvador was not an international conflict as defined by the Conventions, it did meet the requirements for the application of article 3 common to the four Conventions.
	www.derechos.org /nizkor/salvador/informes/truth.html (18266 words)

	"El Salvador: Revolution or Death" by Peter Steven
		Made in 1980, in El Salvador and Holland by a Dutch crew, REVOLUTION OR DEATH is a particularly important film for North Americans right now because it tackles head on the view of the U.S. administration and the mass media "interpretations," which have parroted that government position to the letter.
		Both the Carter and Reagan governments have argued that the problem in El Salvador is violence from the extreme left and right.
		At a news conference held by the junta the next day — also documented by the film — an official states that no troops were stationed in the square during the mass.
	www.ejumpcut.org /archive/onlinessays/JC26folder/ElSalRevOrDeath.html (1649 words)

	Strategic Insights -- Interim Governance in Partial Democracies: El Salvador and Guatemala (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In El Salvador, the 1983 constitution required any amendment to be approved by a majority of one legislative assembly, followed by a “qualified majority” (2/3) of the next legislative assembly.[10] This requirement, in combination with the electoral calendar, created a deadline for the government to accept proposed constitutional reforms during the negotiating process in 1991.
		The doctrine and composition of the new National Civilian Police (PNC) in El Salvador were explicitly designed to ensure the organization’s apolitical nature.[14] On the other hand, crime waves are typical in post-civil war settings, and both governments were under public pressure to protect the public during the transition to the new force.
		The juntas in El Salvador and the military governments in Guatemala had no basis in constitutional procedures and were patently illegitimate in the eyes of much of the public.
	www.ccc.nps.navy.mil /si/2006/Jan/StanleyJan06.asp (7499 words)

	El Salvador. Background Notes, August 2000 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		El Salvador's population numbers about 6.2 million; almost 90% is of mixed Indian and Spanish extraction.
		El Salvador's early history as an independent state -- as with others in Central America -- was marked by frequent revolutions; not until the period 1900-30 was relative stability achieved.
		El Salvador maintains an embassy in the United States at 2308 California Street NW, Washington, DC 20008 (tel: (202) 265-9671).
	www.pdgs.org.ar /country/salvador-ci.htm (5400 words)

	El Salvador - Revolutionary Groups
		Orden was disbanded officially by a decree of the first 1979 junta government, but some observers believed that it continued to function unofficially after that date.
		From the guerrilla perspective, El Salvador was seen as divided into three different "fields of struggle" depending on the nature of their activities there.
		The "liberated areas" or "zones of control," in the north and east, were areas where communications with the rest of the country had been cut off, where the government and the military had not established a permanent presence, and where strings of guerrilla camps exerted influence over the local population.
	countrystudies.us /el-salvador/37.htm (1012 words)

	El Salvador 1980-1994: Human Rights, Washington Style
		If the insurgents in El Salvador, the smallest country by far in all of Central and South America, were engaged in what Ronald Reagan perceived as a plot to capture the Western Hemisphere, others saw it as the quintessential revolution.
		For as long as anyone could remember, the reins of E1 Salvador's government had resided in the hands of one military dictatorship or another, while the economy had been controlled by the celebrated 14 coffee and industrial families, with only the occasional, short-lived bursting of accumulated discontent to disturb the neat arrangement.
		Throughout the 1960s, multifarious American experts occupied themselves in El Salvador by enlarging and refining the state's security and counter-insurgency apparatus: the police, the National Guard, the military, the communications and intelligence networks, the co-ordination with their counterparts in other Central American countries...
	www3.uakron.edu /worldciv/pascher/salvador.html (7854 words)

	AllRefer.com - El Salvador - The Military in Power, 1931-84 \| El Salvadoran Information Resource
		The military's continuance in power appeared to violate the 1950 constitution, which stipulated that the armed forces were to be nonpolitical and obedient to the government in power.
		El Salvador's seventeen- year-old navy, not having participated in the war with Honduras, benefited little from the postwar expansion and reequipment of the Salvadoran armed forces.
		After another junta reorganization in December 1980, which resulted in Majano's exile, Gutierrez retained sole command of the armed forces, and junta member Jose Napoleon Duarte Fuentes became provisional president.
	reference.allrefer.com /country-guide-study/el-salvador/el-salvador110.html (1740 words)

	El Salvador Press Releases
		Angela Fillingim is grateful for the life she had growing up in Berkeley, but as an adopted child whisked away from the horrors of El Salvador's bloody civil war she never knew the fate of her birth family.
		El Salvador's President Elias Antonio Saca said on Friday that he hoped the U.S. migration reform would favor the Salvadorean migrants in the country.
		SAN SALVADOR - Tropical forests that house El Salvador's famed coffee plantations and provide habitat for migrating birds are being depleted at an alarming rate, scientists warned on Tuesday.Between 2001 and...
	www.topix.net /world/el-salvador/pr (1504 words)

	Central America \| ¡ Presente ! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		All six were directors of the Democratic Revolutionary Front (FDR), a broad center-left coalition including labor, campesinos, two social democratic political parties, the "popular" (mass) organizations, two universities, plus members of the intellectual, professional and religious communities.
		Napoleón Duarte, later to be president of El Salvador with strong U.S. backing, was the leading civilian member of the governing junta.
		A new military/civilian junta brought some of the nation's best and brightest into a "revolutionary" government pledged to an impressive program of reforms, which were supposedly backed by the armed forces.
	www.math.dartmouth.edu /~lamperti/centralamerica_presente.html (1664 words)

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