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	eMedicine - Rh Incompatibility : Article Excerpt by: Leon Salem, MD, MS, FACEP
		Rh incompatibility, also known as Rh disease, is a condition that occurs when a woman with Rh-negative blood type is exposed to Rh-positive blood cells, leading to the development of Rh antibodies.
		Once produced, maternal Rh immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies may cross freely from the placenta to the fetal circulation, where they form antigen-antibody complexes with Rh-positive fetal erythrocytes and eventually are destroyed, resulting in a fetal alloimmune-induced hemolytic anemia.
		Although the Rh blood group systems consist of several antigens (eg, D, C, c, E, e), the D antigen is the most immunogenic; therefore, it most commonly is involved in Rh incompatibility.
	www.emedicine.com /emerg/byname/rh-incompatibility.htm (631 words)

	Rh disease - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Rh disease (also known as Rh (D) disease, Rhesus disease, RhD Haemolytic Disease of the Newborn, Rhesus D Haemolytic Disease of the Newborn or RhD HDN) is one of the causes of hemolytic disease of the newborn (also known as HDN).
		If the mother is Rh negative and the baby is Rh positive, the mother produces antibodies (including IgG) against the Rhesus D antigens on her baby's red blood cells.
		The incidence of Rh disease in a population depends on the proportion that are rhesus negative.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Rh_disease (1530 words)

	Discovery Health :: Diseases & Conditions :: Rh incompatibility
		Rh incompatibility is a condition that occurs when the mother of a fetus or newborn has Rh-negative blood type and the fetus or newborn has Rh-positive blood.
		The Rh factor, or rhesus factor, is a marker that may or may not be present on the surface of a person's red blood cells.
		If the person who is Rh negative is ever exposed in the future to Rh-positive blood, his or her body is armed to attack the red blood cells that have the Rh factor.
	www.health.discovery.com /encyclopedias/illnesses.html?article=2093 (988 words)

	Rh disease - LearnThis.Info Enclyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Rh disease (also Rhesus disease or Morbus haemolyticus neonatorum) is a condition that occurs when an Rh negative mother has given birth to an Rh positive baby and subsequently becomes pregnant with an Rh positive child.
		Since she is Rh negative, her body immediately produced antibodies (IgG type) against the Rhesus antigens on her baby's erythrocytess - and with the second pregnancy the problem becomes acute, as the IgGs are able to pass through the placenta into the embryo's body, where they lead to an agglutination and destruction of erythrocytes.
		The common means to prevent this harmful disease is to vaccinate the mother immediately after the birth of her first child: she is treated with anti-Rh antibodies, so that the foreign erythrocytes are destroyed before her immune system can discover them.
	encyclopedia.learnthis.info /r/rh/rh_disease.html (174 words)

	All About Rh Disease
		However, an Rh-negative woman is at risk of having a baby with Rh disease if she conceives a baby with an Rh-positive father and the baby inherits the father's Rh-positive blood type.
		Rh disease is a condition caused by an incompatibility between the blood of a mother and that of her fetus.
		This is a disease that destroys an unborn baby's blood cells, potentially resulting in newborns being born with jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes) and anemia.
	www.americanbaby.com /ab/printableStory.jhtml?storyid=/templatedata/ab/story/data/1319.xml&catref=AB2 (885 words)

	Dr. Koop - Ultrasound Detects Rh-Disease Complication in Womb (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		That's good news for pregnant women with Rh disease, a blood incompatibility between mother and baby, who might have needed five or six invasive amniocentesis procedures throughout their pregnancy to monitor the baby's health.
		Rh disease generally occurs when a mother has Rh-negative blood and the father has Rh-positive blood.
		An estimated 4,000 infants are born each year in the United States with Rh disease.
	www.drkoop.com /newsdetail/93/533772.html (505 words)

	Rh Disease and Pregnancy
		Rh disease is one of those rare opportunities to really make a difference for many mothers and their babies.
		If you are an Rh negative woman who is considering pregnancy, or you are currently pregnant for the first time, or you are pregnant for the second or third time, you may still benefit from the following method of preventing Rh disease during pregnancy.
		Rh disease in pregnancy can be a scary thing, especially if it's happening to you and your family.
	www.webmd.com /content/article/4/1680_51841 (3639 words)

	Rh disease: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Rh disease (also Rhesus disease or Morbus haemolyticus neonatorum) is a condition that occurs when an Rh negative mother has given birth to an Rh positive baby and subsequently becomes pregnant pregnancy quick summary:
		Vaccination is a term coined by edward jenner for the process of administering a weakened form of a disease to patients as a means of giving them immunity to a...
		Prenatal diagnosis is the diagnosis of disease or condition in a fetus or embryo before it is born....
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/r/rh/rh_disease.htm (755 words)

	Rh Sensitization During Pregnancy - Quest Diagnostics Patient Health Library
		Rh sensitization during pregnancy occurs when a woman with Rh-negative blood is exposed to blood from her Rh-positive fetus.
		The possibility of Rh incompatibility is determined by testing your blood, usually at the first prenatal visit in the first trimester.
		Amniocentesis may be done after 15 weeks to examine amniotic fluid for indications of fetal problems, to determine blood type and Rh factor, and to monitor the fetus.
	www.questdiagnostics.com /kbase/topic/major/hw135942/descrip.htm (951 words)

	Blood Group (Rh) Incompatibility (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Rh incompatibility occurs when the mother's blood type is Rh negative and her fetus's blood type is Rh positive (fig.
		However, if you are Rh negative and the baby's father is Rh positive, then most likely your baby will inherit the father's blood type, creating incompatibility between you and the fetus.
		Rh disease is much more common in second and subsequent Rh-incompatible pregnancies because fetal and maternal blood usually do not mix until delivery.
	www.umm.edu /pregnancy/specialcare/articles/rh.html (843 words)

	Rh Disease
		Rh disease occurs during pregnancy when there is an incompatibility between the blood types of the mother and baby.
		The Rh factor is a protein that is found on the covering of the red blood cells.
		If a father's Rh factor genes are + +, and the mother's are + +, the baby will have one + from the father and one + gene from the mother.
	www.healthsystem.virginia.edu /uvahealth/peds_hrpregnant/rhdiseas.cfm (1325 words)

	Birth Defects & Genetics: Rh Disease
		Rh disease of the newborn is caused by an incompatibility between the blood of a mother and her fetus.
		To prevent Rh disease, all babies of an Rh-negative woman should be tested for their Rh type by a simple blood test at birth.
		If the father is Rh-positive (or if his Rh status is not known), doctors now offer sensitized pregnant women amniocentesis, in which a needle is inserted into a woman’s abdomen to withdraw a small amount of amniotic fluid in order to determine whether the fetus is Rh-positive or Rh-negative.
	www.marchofdimes.com /pnhec/4439_1220.asp (1612 words)

	MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Rh incompatibility
		Rh incompatibility is a condition which develops when a pregnant woman has an Rh-negative blood type and the fetus she carries has Rh-positive blood type.
		The jaundice of Rh incompatibility, measured by the level of bilirubin in the infant's bloodstream, may range from mild to dangerously high levels of bilirubin.
		Hydrops fetalis is a complication of a severe form of Rh incompatibility in which massive fetal red blood cell destruction (a result of the Rh incompatibility) causes a severe anemia resulting in fetal heart failure, total body swelling, respiratory distress (if the infant has been delivered), and circulatory collapse.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/ency/article/001600.htm (793 words)

	What Is Rh Incompatibility?
		Rh incompatibility usually isn't a problem if it's the mother's first pregnancy because, unless there's some sort of abnormality, the fetus's blood does not normally enter the mother's circulatory system during the course of the pregnancy.
		If she is ever carrying another Rh-positive child, her Rh antibodies will recognize the Rh proteins on the surface of the baby's blood cells as foreign, and pass into the baby's bloodstream and attack those cells.
		Rh incompatibility rarely causes complications in a first pregnancy and does not affect the health of the mother.
	kidshealth.org /parent/pregnancy_newborn/medical_problems/rh.html (862 words)

	FamilyFun: Health Encyclopedia: Rh Disease (Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn) - and More Family Fun
		Rh disease occurs when a mother, father and child have incompatible Rh blood types (meaning they have the Rh protein) and the mother has Rh- blood (meaning she does not have the protein).
		Severe Rh incompatibility disease is now rare for several reasons, foremost of which is the availability of good prenatal and obstetrical care.
		In the rare cases in which severe Rh disease does develop, the baby is given an immediate exchange transfusion of Rh- blood.
	www.familyfun.go.com /parenting/child/health/childhealth/dony89enc_rhdis (623 words)

	[Clinical Preventive Services] Screening for D (Rh) Incompatibility (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		D (formerly Rh) blood typing and antibody screening is recommended for all pregnant women at their first prenatal visit.
		Although the burden of suffering from this disease is now low, the incidence was at least 10/1,000 live births before the introduction of preventive measures in the 1960s.9 There is excellent evidence for the efficacy and effectiveness of blood typing, anti-D antibody screening, and postpartum D immunoglobulin prophylaxis.
		Rh hemolytic disease of the newborn: using incidence observations to evaluate the use of Rh immune globulin.
	cpmcnet.columbia.edu /texts/gcps/gcps0048.html (1461 words)

	Rh Sensitization During Pregnancy - Providence Health System
		Unless you are given Rh immune globulin prior to or just after a high-risk event, such as miscarriage, amniocentesis, or childbirth, you have a chance of becoming sensitized to an Rh-positive fetus's blood.
		Rh immune globulin injection is also necessary if you have had any vaginal bleeding or an obstetric procedure such as amniocentesis or external cephalic version.
		Rh immune globulin is also necessary after a miscarriage, partial molar pregnancy, ectopic pregnancy, or abortion.
	www.providence.org /healthlibrary/contentViewer.aspx?hwid=hw135942&serviceArea=generic (2817 words)

	Rh Disease
		If a woman is Rh negative and her mate is Rh positive, and they make babies, there is a potential for compatibility problems between the mother and her developing child.
		It is very common for Rh negative mothers to become sensitized to Rh positive cells as a result of the delivery of an Rh positive child, though these days steps are taken to prevent this from happening.
		Rh disease babies are born with a lot of problems, some of them pretty serious.
	www.cod.edu /PEOPLE/FACULTY/FANCHER/RhFactor.htm (816 words)

	Rh Disease (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Rh disease is a condition that causes hemolysis (rupture) of red blood cells in a developing fetus.
		Rh disease arises from an incompatibility of the maternal and fetal blood type with respect to Rh factor.
		Rh factor becomes important during pregnancy in certain situations when the blood type of the baby does not match the blood type of the mother.
	tjsamson.client.web-health.com /web-health/topics/WomensHealth/womenshealthsub/womenshealthpages/Pregnancy/Rh_Disease.html (548 words)

	Erythroblastosis fetalis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Rh disease only occurs if a mother is Rh-negative and her baby is Rh-positive.
		ABO incompatibility disease is almost always limited to babies with A or B antigens whose mothers have type O blood.
		Rh disease and ABO incompatibility disease are caused when a mother's immune system produces antibodies against the red blood cells of her unborn child.
	www.healthatoz.com /healthatoz/Atoz/ency/erythroblastosis_fetalis.jsp (2156 words)

	Historical Review and Recent Advances - Chapter 7
		Darrow concluded from these observations that the disease is an acquired one and that the mother develops a material in her blood that causes no harm to her but is transmitted through the placenta to the fetus.
		The pathologic manifestations of this disease are produced by the intrauterine action of maternal immune agglutinins on the susceptible red blood cells of the fetus.
		"The rise and fall" of Rh disease is a story of the work of scholars of medicine, caring for and observing their patients, testing blood samples in laboratories, analyzing a heterogeneous accumulation of data and observations, evolving theories, designing clinical trials and always pursuing their programs, so that they would most efficiently benefit all patients.
	www.neonatology.org /classics/mj1980/ch07.html (2935 words)

	Rh Factor and Pregnancy \| Caremark Health Resources
		Rh incompatibility isn't usually a problem during your first pregnancy because blood from a developing fetus doesn't mingle with your own until the time of delivery.
		The immune system of an Rh negative mom has to be exposed to Rh positive blood one or more times before it can develop a response that is strong enough to harm the baby.
		In the past, Rh incompatibility was a serious problem; newborns diagnosed with Rh disease often became seriously ill or died.
	healthresources.caremark.com /topic/rhfactor (925 words)

	Rh Disease - Lucile Packard Children's Hospital
		Problems with the Rh factor occur only when the mother's Rh factor is negative and the baby's is positive.
		When an Rh negative mother has a baby that is Rh positive, problems can develop if the baby's red blood cells cross to the Rh negative mother.
		Rh disease is also called erythroblastosis fetalis during pregnancy.
	www.lpch.org /DiseaseHealthInfo/HealthLibrary/hrpregnant/rhdiseas.html (1413 words)

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