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Topic: Rhetorical figure

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Figure of speech

Litotes

Zeugma

Euphemism

Ellipsis

Pun

	Figures of Rhetoric in Advertising Language
		More formally, a rhetorical figure occurs when an expression deviates from expectation, the expression is not rejected as nonsensical or faulty, the deviation occurs at the level of form rather than content, and the deviation conforms to a template that is invariant across a variety of content and contexts.
		By contrast, a rhetorical question or pun is not a sensorially apparent feature of the headline, but becomes manifest as the text is related to semantic and background knowledge (see Childers and Houston 1984 for an experimental instantiation of a depth of processing manipulation based on this sensory vs. semantic distinction).
		Figure 2 provides two examples: the ad for California almonds makes use of visual antithesis (a scheme) in its presentation of a "sad" and "happy" croissant, while the Dramamine ad can be thought of as a visual metaphor (a trope) that brings the idea of seatbelt protection and nausea protection into unexpected juxtaposition.
	lsb.scu.edu /~emcquarrie/rhetjcr.htm (7772 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Trope
		A trope is a rhetorical figure of speech that consists of a play on words, i.e.
		A figure of speech, sometimes termed a rhetorical figure or device, or elocution, is a word or phrase that departs from straightforward, literal language.
		Synecdoche (pronounced sin-EK-duh-kee, IPA:) is a figure of speech that presents a kind of metaphor in which: A part of something is used for the whole, The whole is used for a part, The species is used for the genus, The genus is used for the species...
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Trope (1818 words)

	Kentucky Classics
		Anadiplosis: ("doubling back") the rhetorical repetition of one or several words; specifically, repetition of a word that ends one clause at the beginning of the next.
		Hyperbole: exaggeration for emphasis or for rhetorical effect.
		Metaphor: implied comparison achieved through a figurative use of words; the word is used not in its literal sense, but in one analogous to it.
	www.uky.edu /ArtsSciences/Classics/rhetoric.html (1908 words)

	rhetorical - Information from Reference.com
		Rhetoric (from Greek ῥήτωρ, rhêtôr, orator, teacher) is generally understood to be the art or technique of persuasion through the use of spoken and written language; however, this definition of rhetoric has expanded greatly since rhetoric emerged as a field of study in universities.
		A Spaniard, he was appointed in 1523 to the Lectureship of Rhetoric at Oxford by Cardinal Wolsey, and was entrusted by Henry VIII to be one of the tutors of Mary.
		Rhetorical theory today is as much influenced by the research results and research methods of the behavioral sciences and by theories of literary criticism as by ancient rhetorical theory.
	www.reference.com /search?q=rhetorical (5892 words)

	Joe Gallegos : Lair of the Logophore : Book of Secrets (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Thus Chambers Dictionary defines a rhetorical figure as ‘a deviation from the ordinary mode of expression’, and trope as ‘a figure of speech, properly one in which a word or expression is used in other than its literal sense’.
		The soaring violin theory of rhetorical figures is misguided because, as Nietzsche suggests, language is inescapably figurative: the meaning of a text cannot be separated from its expression, its figures.
		One reason why her poetry is particularly appropriate in a discussion of figurative language is that it characteristically ‘deconstructs’ or defamiliarizes its own rhetorical figures: her poetry constitutes a subtle yet decisive assault on figuration itself.
	members.cox.net /logophore/grimoire/read/grimoire_trope_bennett.html (3258 words)

	Online Etymology Dictionary
		Technically, in rhetoric, a figure of speech which consists in the use of a word or phrase in a sense other than that which is proper to it.
		A rhetorical figure in which an imaginary or absent person is made to speak or act.
		Figure in which an attribute or adjunct is substituted for the thing meant ("head" for "cattle," etc.).
	www.etymonline.com /index.php?search=figure (1989 words)

	Apostrophe Figure of Speech (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Apostrophe (figure of speech) - Apostrophe (Greek Î±ÏÎ¿ÏÏÏÎ¿ÏÎ·, turning away; the final e being sounded) is an exclamatory rhetorical figure of speech, when a speaker or writer breaks off and directs speech in an abstract direction, to a person not present, or to a thing.
		Figure of speech - A figure of speech, sometimes termed a rhetorical figure or device, or elocution, is a word or phrase that departs from straightforward, literal language.
		A Figure of Speech: A Festschrift for John Laver A Figure of Speech: A Festschrift for John Laver Figure of speech - A figure of speech, sometimes termed a rhetorical figure or device, or elocution, is a word or phrase...
	th69.mavgeo.com /apostrophefigureofspeech.html (766 words)

	Figure of speech
		A figure of speech, sometimes termed a rhetorical figure, or elocution[?], is a word or phrase that departs from straight-forward, literal language.
		Figures of speech are often used and crafted for emphasis, freshness of expression or clarity.
		Figures of speech have been classified into a number of different categories.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/fi/Figure_of_speech.html (159 words)

	ACR - Printer Friendly Version
		Rhetorical questions are a type of rhetorical figure available to advertisers (others incude puns, metaphors, etc).
		In contrast, when the rhetorical format is very salient or noticeable (e.g., heavy usage of questions in the body of the message), the audience directs their thoughts to the message source and the tactics being used, instead of focusing on the message content per se.
		Most rhetorical figures, however, could be used both in the body as well as the headlines of the ad.
	www.acrwebsite.org /print.asp?artID=92 (902 words)

	dating Rhetorical_figure - dating-report.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		A figure of speech, sometimes termed a rhetorical, or elocution, is a word or phrase that departs from straightforward, literal language.
		Figures of speech are often used and crafted for emphasis, freshness of expression, or clarity.
		Schemes (from the Greek schÄ“ma, form or shape) are figures of speech in which there is a deviation from the ordinary or expected pattern of words.
	www.dating-report.com /Rhetorical_figure (636 words)

	Approches to the Lifeworld core of pictorial rhetoric (3)
		The signifier of the rhetoricalness of all the rhetorical figures consists, as I noted above, in the concurrent presence to visual perception of two elements which are, in some respect, in opposition to each other.
		A more interesting, and probably rhetorically stronger case, is when contrary terms appearing in a picture are subsumed under important values of a culture, such as in a recent work by the group Casmo, in which they EU stars are opposed to a red little cottage epitomising traditional Swedish life (cf.
		In the first part, we have explored the relationship of rhetoric to the world taken from granted, either at the level of anthropological universals, or in the particular socio-cultural Lifeworld, trying to determine which values will be most highly-ranked in the elementary scales ending at the origo of our everyday experience.
	www.arthist.lu.se /kultsem/sonesson/RhetoricalApproach3.html (3325 words)

	The Ethical Alpha and the Linguistic Omega: Heidegger's Anti-Semitism and the Inner Affinity Between Germany and Greece ...
		In what follows, I discuss the rhetoric of equivocation, that is, the logical ambiguity that advances the causes of the politics of suspicion in the case of Heidegger's Nazism, his anti-Semitism, his silence.
		On another rhetorical level, Heidegger's silence on Nazism (and anti-Semitism) is the literal and metaphorical enthymeme for the same kind of ethical judgment concerning political and affective orientation.
		An enthymeme, when it is not defined as a Ciceronian rhetorical figure ending in two contraries, is the logical description of a syllogism consisting of only two propositions, that is, a syllogism in which one premise is suppressed.
	evans-experientialism.freewebspace.com /babich.htm (6403 words)

	Rhetorical
		Of or relating to rhetoric; "accepted two or three verbal and rhetorical changes I suggested"- W.A.White; "the rhetorical sin of the meaningless variation"- Lewis Mumford.
		Concerned with effect or style of writing and speaking; "a rhetorical question is one asked solely to produce an effect (especially to make an assertion) rather than to elicit a reply".
		But if "Roman history is nine-tenths lying," we can hardly expect a smaller proportion of that rhetorical figure in the annals of a people capable of so incredible cruelty to a lovely women; for a hard heart has a false tongue.
	www.websters-online-dictionary.org /definition/english/rh/rhetorical.html (959 words)

	kao
		The addition of grammar to the classical opposition between logic and rhetoric to form the trivium of an integral liberal arts education in Medieval times could be seen as a measure introduced to diffuse the tension between oratory and scientific discourse.
		At the same time, the devious operation of rhetoric "making the worse appear as the better cause" may be contained by its "grammatization," subjugated by the rules to serve the enhancement of the expressive power of language.
		Hsing is therefore not a rhetorical figure in the proper sense of the term.
	clcwebjournal.lib.purdue.edu /clcweb00-4/kao00.html (4727 words)

	Plato on Rhetoric and Poetry (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
		Rhetoric is “the source of freedom for humankind itself and at the same time it is for each person the source of rule over others in one's own city” (452d6-8).
		That is, the rhetoric of the great palinode is markedly “poetic.” Especially noteworthy for present purposes is the fact that the theme of inspiration is repeatedly invoked in the first half of the dialogue; poetic inspiration is explicitly discussed.
		The Platonic dialogue is a innovative type of rhetoric, and it is hard to believe that it does not at all reflect — whether successfully or not is another matter — Plato's response to the criticisms of writing which he puts into the mouth of his Socrates.
	plato.stanford.edu /entries/plato-rhetoric (12979 words)

	Search Results for "rhetorical"
		...Inflected forms: pl. an·a·di·plo·ses (-sz) Rhetorical repetition at the beginning of a phrase of the word or words with which the previous phrase ended; for example,...
		...Inflected forms: pl. ox·y·mo·ra (-mor, -mor) or ox·y·mo·rons A rhetorical figure in which incongruous or contradictory terms are combined, as in a deafening silence...
		Restraint or lack of emphasis in expression, as for rhetorical effect.
	www.bartleby.com /cgi-bin/texis/webinator/sitesearch?FILTER=col61&x=10&y=12&query=rhetorical (319 words)

	Figure of speech : Rhetorical figure
		A figure of speech, sometimes termed a rhetorical figure, or elocution[?], is a word or phrase that departs from straight-forward, literal language.
		Figures of speech are often used and crafted for emphasis, freshness of expression or clarity.
		Figures of speech have been classified into a number of different categories.
	www.fastload.org /rh/Rhetorical_figure.html (197 words)

	Literature
		Holland claims that "this is precisely the advantage of a figural narrative model: the figure of speech transferred to the narrative level provides those principles of closure and completeness and can thus help us understand why the well-formed tale stands out as distinct from passages of nonliterary prose" (87).
		It is necessary at this point to recognize that Holland is using the word "figural" to stand in for both the human, rhetorical sense of "figural" (of, relating to, or consisting of human figures: the story-teller), and the "figurative," or non-literal sense, in which multiple meanings exist.
		Just as in a play on words two different meanings are condensed in a single acoustic image [pun, figurative], here in the story two conflicting motives--adultery and industry-- are focused on the vat by Pironella and her hapless husband [Barthesian rhetorical narrative, figural].
	www.brown.edu /Departments/Italian_Studies/dweb/literature/theory/todorov.shtml (1435 words)

	Figures of Speech
		The figures of substitution that demand attention are primarily the synecdoche and the metonymy.
		So if the figure is synecdoche, one must think in terms of substitution in the direction of the genus or larger group to which the figure belongs, or the direction of the species (or part) intended by the mention of the genus.
		This is also a figure of substitution, but whereas the synecdoche is actually a part for the whole or the whole for the part, the metonymy is more loosely connected to the thing meant‑‑but it is connected, and this is where it differs from the figures of comparison.
	www.christianleadershipcenter.org /616/fospeech.htm (9641 words)

	mrs gerard??that's cute.. in figure photos photo (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		A figure is a shape, drawing or representation.
		A figure is a synonym for a number.
		Figure competition is a form of physique competition for women, related to bodybuilding.
	www.buzznet.com /tags/figure/photos/?id=2983438 (131 words)

	The Figure 5 in Gold: Charles Demuth's Art & William Carlos Williams' Poem
		"The Great Figure" closely conforms to Williams's famous definition of a poem as "a machine made of words." Each of its thirty-one movable parts— that is, each individual word— functions as a precsion-tooled component of the whole, while the "Great Figure" of the title introduces a wonderfully complex piece of verbal machinery.
		As a rhetorical "figure of speech," it announces the "howling" fire truck, the trope of the "unheeded" quintessential entity, and the poem, the figural "machine" itself.
		The "figure 5" at the end of the third line contributes the abstract arithmetical sense of "figure," while the numeral itself stands apart as the poem's point of focus.
	www.wisdomportal.com /Christmas/Figure5InGold.html (1304 words)

	Trope - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Figure of Speech, word or group of words used to give particular emphasis to an idea or sentiment.
		Ironically, theatre in the form of liturgical drama was reborn in Europe in the Roman Catholic Church.
		Linguistics In linguistics, trope is a rhetorical figure of speech that consists of...
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Trope.html (187 words)

	It Figures - Figures of Speech
		Figure of Speech: metonymy (meh-TON-y-my), the scale-changing figure.
		The figure traditionally has the insult actually describe the gesture; John Cleese does this at King Arthur in a Monty Python movie.
		Figure of Speech: paraprosdokian (para-prose-DOKE-ian), the surprise-ending figure.
	www.figarospeech.com /it-figures (1059 words)

	American Rhetoric: Rhetorical Devices in Sound
		Rhetorical Figures in Sound is a compendium of 200+ brief audio (mp3) clips illustrating 39 different figures of speech.
		Most of these figures were constructed, identified, and classified by Greek and Roman teachers of rhetoric in the Classical period.
		A figure of addition that occurs when a concluding sentence, clause, or phrase is added to a statement which purposely diminishes the effect of what has been previously stated.
	www.americanrhetoric.com /rhetoricaldevicesinsound.htm (251 words)

	Dr. Adrienne Lamberti--Teaching Philosophy
		As a rhetoric and professional communication teacher, I am intrigued by the power of writing—particularly how one text can change so radically as it circulates among professional, public and popular contexts—and I want my students to become likewise interested.
		What follows are the specifics of my pedagogical approach to writing as rhetorical and ethical, and how it has informed my understanding of the privileges and responsibilities of the communication teacher.
		Rhetorical awareness is a major focus of my curricula; students are asked to submit rhetorical analyses with their written work.
	www.uni.edu /~lamberti/teaching-philosophy.htm (836 words)

	A Handbook of Rhetorical Devices
		A figure lean or corpulent, tall or short, though deviating from beauty, may still have a certain union of the various parts, which may contribute to make them on the whole not unpleasing.
		Rhetorical question (erotesis) differs from hypophora in that it is not answered by the writer, because its answer is obvious or obviously desired, and usually just a yes or no. It is used for effect, emphasis, or provocation, or for drawing a conclusionary statement from the facts at hand.
		Hyperbole is the most overused and overdone rhetorical figure in the whole world (and that is no hyperbole); we are a society of excess and exaggeration.
	www.virtualsalt.com /rhetoric.htm (18053 words)

	Rhetorical figures in symbolic gestures
		This work provides a definition of rhetorical figures in terms of a goal and belief model of communication (Conte & Castelfranchi, 1995; Castelfranchi & Poggi, 1998), it outlines a number of rhetorical uses of Italian symbolic gestures, and proposes a representation of them aimed at implementing rhetorical uses of gestures in Animated Gestural Agents.
		According to the model adopted, a rhetorical figure is a sub-type of non-literal use, which is defined as a case of “recitation”: a case of unmasked deception, then not really deception.
		Rhetorical figures differ from each other for the specific manipulation performed by the Sender to generate meaning L from meaning NL (3.), and therefore, as to the specific inferences the Addressee A has to go through to draw meaning NL from meaning L (4.).
	webhost.ua.ac.be /tisp/viewpaper.php?id=510&print=1 (399 words)

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