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Topic: Rhind Mathematical Papyrus

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Moscow and Rhind Mathematical Papyri

	Moscow and Rhind Mathematical Papyri - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Rhind Mathematical Papyrus dates to the Second Intermediate Period of Egypt.
		It was copied by the scribe Ahmes (i.e., Ahmose; Ahmes is an older transcription favoured by historians of mathematics), from a now-lost text from the reign of king Amenemhat III (12th dynasty).
		The Moscow Papyrus and Summary of Egyptian Mathematics.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Moscow_and_Rhind_Mathematical_Papyri (657 words)

	List of publications in mathematics - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Among those problems were that of the center of gravity of a solid hemisphere, that of the center of gravity of a frustum of a circular paraboloid, and that of the area of a region bounded by a parabola and one of its secant lines.
		Description: In mathematics, algebraic geometry and analytic geometry are closely related subjects, where analytic geometry is the theory of complex manifolds and the more general analytic spaces defined locally by the vanishing of analytic functions of several complex variables.
		A (mathematical) theory of the relationship between the two was put in place during the early part of the 1950s, as part of the business of laying the foundations of algebraic geometry to include, for example, techniques from Hodge theory.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/List_of_publications_in_mathematics (4128 words)

	Talk:Moscow and Rhind Mathematical Papyri - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This is by far the most famous artefact known as the Rhind Papyrus, and it is, for instance, the title of the Britannica article on the papyrus.
		References to the Rhind Papyrus on Google outnumber references to the Rhind Mathematical Papyrus by ten to one (and guess which papyrus the former references are about--well a clue is that 2/3 of them also contain the word "mathematical").
		Additionally, although the Ebers papyrus (ca 1550 BC) is full of incantations and foul applications meant to turn away disease-causing demons and other superstition, in it there is also evidence of a long tradition of empirical practice and observation.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Talk:Moscow_and_Rhind_Mathematical_Papyri (2762 words)

	Rhind papyrus
		A papyrus scroll, 33 cm high and 565 cm wide, found in a tomb in Thebes, which is the most valuable source of information we have about Egyptian mathematics.
		The hieroglyphs on the papyrus were deciphered in 1842, while the Babylonian clay-tablet cuneiform writing was deciphered later in the nineteenth century.
		Although there is some strictly practical mathematics on the papyrus, including calculations needed for surveying, building, and accounting, some of which involve Egyptian fractions, many of the problems in the RMP take the form of arithmetic puzzles.
	www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/R/Rhind_papyrus.html (436 words)

	[No title]
		One of the main papyri studied is the RMP (Rhind Mathematical Papyrus).
		The RMP, named after the man who bought and donated the papyrus to the British Museum, consists of an introduction written by the scribe, 50 division problems, and the a selection of story problems at the end.
		If the RMP were used as a textbook to ancient students of mathematics, it could have been arranged around trying to get students to understand that simplest way to get to a solution.
	stu.beloit.edu /~dachenba/files/shorter_summer_paper.doc (1255 words)

	The Ultimate Moscow and Rhind Mathematical Papyri Dog Breeds Information Guide and Reference
		The Moscow and Rhind Mathematical Papyri are two of the oldest mathematical texts and perhaps our best indication of what ancient Egyptian mathematics might have been like near 2000 BC.
		Although it might be an overstatement to suggest that the papyrus represents a rudimentary attempt at analytical geometry, Ahmes did make use of a kind of an analogue of the cotangent.
		the 2/n table of the Rhind Papyrus, which dates from more than a thousand years before Pythagoras, seems to show an awareness of prime and composite numbers, a crude version of the 'Sieve of Eratosthenes,' a knowledge of the arithmetic, geometric, and harmonic means, and of the 'perfectness' of the number 6.
	www.dogluvers.com /dog_breeds/Moscow_and_Rhind_Mathematical_Papyri (844 words)

	Search Results for papyrus
		The Rhind Papyrus, which came to the British Museum in 1863, is sometimes called the 'Ahmes papyrus' in honour of Ahmes.
		The papyrus, a scroll about 6 metres long and 1/3 of a metre wide, was written around 1650 BC by the scribe Ahmes who states that he is copying a document which is 200 years older.
		There are few errors in the Rhind papyrus but those which there are appear to be errors of calculation, not of copying, since the incorrect result is carried forward rather than a return to the correct path which would happen from an error in copying.
	www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk /history/Search/historysearch.cgi?SUGGESTION=papyrus&CONTEXT=1 (1664 words)

	MAT 300-2L Spring 2006 -- E-mail assignments
		On the Rhind Mathematical Papyrus, there are a number of "pesu" problems, which involve things made of grain.
		The Rhind and Moscow papyri have problems involving the pesu of two "foods" made from grain.
		List a type of mathematical problem, other than strict computations or just solving equations, that appeared on the Rhind Papyrus but did not appear on the Moscow Papyrus.
	www.southernct.edu /~gingrich/mat3002006/emailassignments2006.html (999 words)

	K. Zahrt - Thoughts on Ancient Egyptian Mathematics
		The Rhind Mathematical Papyrus is labeled BM 10057 and BM 10058 and is often referred to by these numbers.
		Many math history classes study the documentation of this Papyrus because it is thought to be a good representation of the mathematical level of the ancient Egyptians and displays one of the earliest known forms of mathematics.
		Outside of the mathematical realm, there are other noted scholars of Egyptian history who have made comments that tend to lead one to doubt the opinions of the mathematical and science experts.
	www.iusb.edu /~journal/2000/zahrt.html (2621 words)

	New Page 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		It is called the Rhind Mathematical Papyrus, and was bought in an Egyptian market by Scottish Antiquarian A Henry Rhind in the 19th Century.
		Between the Rhind Papyrus of 1650BC and the demotic mathematical papyri of the late period, which are roughly contemporary with the compilation of Euclid's Elements between 500 and 300 BC, there is a fl hole of more than a millennium.
		Over time, the remnants of Egyptian mathematical texts would have deteriorated, and it is interesting to note that of the surviving fragments, many have only come down to us as by preservation in tombs and coffins.
	myweb.tiscali.co.uk /davel/Rhind.htm (708 words)

	Numerals, Numeration, and Numerical Notation Bibliography
		Joseph, G.G. The Crest of the Peacock: Non-European Roots of Mathematics.
		Chinese Mathematics in the Thirteenth Century: the Shu-shu chiu-chang of Ch'in, Chiu-shao.
		The influence of abaci on Chinese and Japanese mathematics.
	www.phrontistery.info /nnsbib.html (8619 words)

	University of Wales Swansea : News
		The Rhind is one of the most famous of the British Museum's magnificent collection of Egyptian papyri and is a unique document in the history of mathematics.
		The Rhind also has a section on trigonometry and a section on pi relating to the building of the pyramids and mensuration.The document is written from right to left in hieratic, a quicker, more cursive form of hieroglyphics.
		The papyrus was acquired by Scottish lawyer A H Rhind during his stay in Thebes in the 1850s and was purchased in two pieces by the British Museum in 1865, after his death.Some small fragments of the papyrus are also in the Brooklyn Museum in New York.
	www2.swan.ac.uk /news_centre/news_item.asp?news_id=10827 (502 words)

	abstractnaunton5
		The Rhind Mathematical Papyrus is also important as a historical document, since the scribe Ahmose noted the date when he made his copy of the text: regnal Year 33 of the reign of Aawoserre Apophis, who is the penultimate king of the foreign Hyksos Dynasties (about 1570-1530 BC).
		On the other side of the papyrus a Year 11 of an unknown king is mentioned in a series of short jottings, with a reference to the taking of some Egyptian towns.
		On the 24th November 2005, the display of the Rhind Papyrus was formally launched at the Centre by Dr Richard Parkinson of the British Museum and the famous mathematician Sir Michael Atiyah.
	www.swan.ac.uk /egypt/events/Rhind.htm (676 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		One of the earliest written records from ancient Egypt (transcribed circa 1650 BC from a source believed to date from around 1850 BC or earlier) is known as the Rhind Mathematical Papyrus, and contains a table expressing fractions of the form 2/n as sums of two, three, or four unit fractions with distinct denominators.
		Thus, it's not surprising that 2/29 is the first entry in the Rhind Papyrus where a four-term representation is used.
		In summary, the 2/n table of the Rhind Papyrus, which dates from more than a thousand years before Pythagoras, seems to show an awareness of prime and composite numbers, a crude version of the "Sieve of Eratosthenes", a knowledge of the arithmetic, geometric, and harmonic means, and of the "perfectness" of the number 6.
	www.mathpages.com /home/rhind.htm (1273 words)

	Sekeds and the Pyramids of Egypt
		Information on the use of the seked in the design of pyramids has been obtained from two mathematical papyri; the Rhind Mathematical papyrus in the British Museum and the Moscow Mathematical papyrus in the Museum of Fine Arts.
		Problems 56 to 60 in the RMP deal specifically with calculating the seked of different pyramids, or the height of a pyramid when the seked is known.
		In the RMP sekeds are stated in terms of palms and fingers.
	www.kch42.dial.pipex.com /sekes.htm (336 words)

	The Rhind/Ahmes Papyrus - Mathematics and the Liberal Arts
		The Mathematics and the Liberal Arts pages are intended to be a resource for student research projects and for teachers interested in using the history of mathematics in their courses.
		He taught himself the mathematics he needed to become an astronomer, and published local almanacs including things such as the planetary positions and the times of sunrise, sunset, moonrise, moonset, eclipses, and tides.
		She notes, the rule of false position was used by the Egyptians in the time of the Rhind Papyrus and in a variety of other Egyptian sources (e.g., the Kahun and Berlin papyri), in the work of Alexandrian Greeks like Diophantus (c.
	math.truman.edu /~thammond/history/RhindPapyrus.html (1469 words)

	Rhind Papyrus : Library of Congress Citations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Heading: Rhind papyrus References: nna Papyrus Rhind Rhind mathematical papyrus RMP Ahmes papyrus Notes: Robins, G. The Rhind mathematical papyrus, 1990, c1987: -- galley (bought in Luxor by Alexander Henry Rhind; RMP) New ency.
		Brit., c1983 -- (Rhind papyrus; less frequently it is called Ahmes papyrus in honor of the scribe who copied it) Ency.
		Rhind lectures See also refs: a Rhind lectures in archaeology Notes: 1989-90 -- DLC Edinburgh -- Edinburgh University Press f -- DLC t -- DLC s -- DLC Gojda, M. The ancient Slavs, c1991: -- t.p.
	www.mala.bc.ca /~mcneil/cit/citlcahmes1.htm (408 words)

	Egyptian Fractions
		One of the papyrus scrolls, discovered in a tomb in Thebes, was bought by a 25 year old scotsman, Henry Rhind at a market in Luxor, Egypt, in 1858.
		The hieroglyphs (picture-writing) on the papyrus were only deciphered in 1842 (and the Babylonian clay-tablet cuneiform writing was deciphered later that century).
		Mathematics in the Time of the Pharaohs by Richard J Gillings, Dover, 1972 is an inexpensive and readable account of the mathematics in the Rhind Papyrus, it contents and methods.
	www.mcs.surrey.ac.uk /Personal/R.Knott/Fractions/egyptian.html (3512 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		The Rhind Mathematical Papyrus is also important as a historical document, since the copyist noted that he was writing in year 33 of the reign of Apophis, the penultimate king of the Hyksos Fifteenth Dynasty (about 1650-1550 BC) and was copied after an original of the Twelfth Dynasty (about 1985-1795 BC).
		On the other side of the papyrus 'year 11' is mentioned, with a reference to the taking of some Egyptian towns.
		The papyrus was acquired by the Scottish lawyer A.H. Rhind during his stay in Thebes in the 1850s.
	www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk /compass/ixbin/print?OBJ11 (234 words)

	Rhind Mathematical Papyrus (4 of 8)
		Rhind 3 / Rhind 4 / Rhind 5 /
		By rolling a finely carved and polished stone disk on a carefully prepared ground one may find that the ratio circumference to diameter is less than 4, a little more than 3, less than 3 '6, and even a little less than 3 '7.
		A famous formula of the Rhind Mathematical Papyrus says that a square with a side length of 8 royal cubits and a circle with a diameter of 9 royal cubits have roughly the same area.
	www.seshat.ch /home/rhind4.htm (2616 words)

	Math Forum - Ask Dr. Math
		The papyrus, a scroll about 6 metres long and 1/3 of a metre wide, was written around 1650 BC by the scribe Ahmes who is copying a document which is 200 years older.
		To overcome the deficiencies of their system of numerals the Egyptians devised cunning ways around the fact that their numbers were unsuitable for multiplication as is shown in the Rhind papyrus which date from about 1700 BC.
		J Hoyrup, Babylonian mathematics, in I Grattan-Guinness (ed.), Companion Encyclopedia of the History and Philosophy of the Mathematical Sciences (London, 1994), 21-29.
	mathforum.org /library/drmath/view/52462.html (1256 words)

	Best Souvenirs from Egypt - Story of Papyrus
		The most ancient writing material, the papyrus, was manufactured using an aquatic plant long-cultivated in the delta of the river Nile.
		The juice of the plant acts as an adhesive that bonds the strips together forming a sheet, which is finally hammered, and dried in the sun.
		Our large line of hand painted art on genuine papyrus comes in over one hundred designs, and in a variety of colors and sizes, all are suitable for framing (We strongly recommend you to select your own favorite style of frame).
	www.happymall.com /egypt/EgyStory.htm (475 words)

	Kahun Papyrus
		This is proven by the other surviving example of a calculation of this type, in problem 64 in the Rhind Papyrus [6].
		In problem 64 of the Rhind Papyrus, by way of comparison, it was required to divide 10 hekat of barley between ten men with a common difference equal to the Horus-eye fraction of '8 hekat.
		Problem 40 in the Rhind Papyrus deals with the distribution of loaves in arithmetical progression such that the two smallest shares amount to 1/7 of the three largest shares - a requirement which was apparently devised to make use of the chance property of a previously constructed progression.
	www.legon.demon.co.uk /kahun.htm (1000 words)

	Egypt: The Ancient Egyptian Number System (Math), A Feature Tour Egypt Story
		Problem no. 56 in the Rhind Papyrus gives an equation to find the angle of the slope of a pyramid's face, which in fact is its cotangent.
		The Rhind Papyrus also asks questions like "From a certain amount of grain, how many loaves can be baked?" or "Given a ramp of length x and height y, how many bricks are needed?" These are typical examples of what Egyptian school students had to do in their mathematics class.
		In their daily lives, the Egyptians who used mathematics most likely were priests and priestesses in charge of workers, surveyors, masons and engineers, tax collectors, shop keepers and at least some of the buyers, and cooks.
	www.touregypt.net /featurestories/numbers.htm (1325 words)

	Lecture 2 Rhind papyrus
		It was carved in pyramids and temples by priests and scribes and concerns taxation, building design, land measurement, restoration of boundaries after floods and religious ritual such as the sizes and shapes of altars.
		It was also written ink on papyrus scrolls, preserved by storage in pots in a dry climate.
		Every fraction can be expressed as a sum of distinct unit fractions, and the first problem in the Ahmes papyrus has tables for 2/n as a sum of distinct unit fractions for various values of n.
	www.maths.uwa.edu.au /~schultz/3M3/L2Egypt.html (536 words)

	Thales of Miletus [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]
		Aristotle, the major source for Thales's philosophy and science, identified Thales as the first person to investigate the basic principles, the question of the originating substances of matter and, therefore, as the founder of the school of natural philosophy.
		This is especially true of mathematics, of the dates and times determined when fixing the solstices, the positions of stars, and in financial transactions.
		It is difficult to believe that Thales would not have written down the information he had gathered in his travels, particularly the geometry he investigated in Egypt and his measuring of the height of the pyramid, his hypotheses about nature, and the cause of change.
	www.iep.utm.edu /t/thales.htm (9340 words)

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