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Topic: Riboflavin

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	Riboflavin - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Riboflavin is yellow or orange-yellow in colour and in addition to being used as a food colouring it is also used to fortify some foods.
		Riboflavin is responsible for the harmless side effect of coloring a vitamin taker's urine bright yellow.
		Riboflavin is found naturally in asparagus, okra, chard, cottage cheese, milk, yogurt, meat, eggs, and fish, each of which contain at least 0.1 mg of the vitamin per 3-10.5 oz (85-300 g) serving.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Riboflavin (459 words)

	Riboflavin: Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine
		Riboflavin and vitamin C both help boost the body's level of glutathione, which is an antioxidant with many beneficial effects.
		Riboflavin should not be taken by anyone with a B vitamin allergy or chronic renal disease.
		Riboflavin should not be taken at the same time as tetracycline antibiotics because it interferes with the absorption and effectiveness of these medications.
	health.enotes.com /alternative-medicine-encyclopedia/riboflavin (1303 words)

	Linus Pauling Institute at Oregon State University
		In the body, riboflavin is primarily found as an integral component of the coenzymes, flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and flavin mononucleotide (FMN) (1).
		Correction of riboflavin deficiency in individuals who are both riboflavin deficient and iron deficient improves the response of iron-deficiency anemia to iron therapy (12).
		Individuals in the highest quintile of riboflavin nutritional status, as measured by red blood cell glutathione reductase activity, had approximately one half the occurrence of age-related cataract as those in the lowest quintile of riboflavin status, though the results were not statistically significant (17).
	lpi.oregonstate.edu /infocenter/vitamins/riboflavin (1998 words)

	Riboflavin, Vitamin B2- Ask the Dietitian
		Riboflavin is B 2 and is important to energy metabolism (processing nutrients like protein, fat, carbohydrate and alcohol that have calories to a form of energy that the body can use - ATP), normal eyesight and healthy skin.
		Foods high in riboflavin are milk, yogurt, cheeses, meat, leafy green vegetables, whole and enriched grains.
		Riboflavin is important to both vegetarian and carnivores (meat eaters).
	www.dietitian.com /riboflavin.html (213 words)

	Riboflavin deficiency
		Riboflavin deficiency occurs when the chronic failure to eat sufficient amounts of foods that contain riboflavin produces lesions of the skin, lesions of smooth surfaces in the digestive tract, or nervous disorders.
		Riboflavin is also used for the continual process of renewal and regeneration of all cells and tissues in the body.
		Riboflavin status is diagnosed using a test conducted on red blood cells that measures the activity of an enzyme called glutathione reductase.
	www.lifesteps.com /gm/Atoz/ency/riboflavin_deficiency.jsp (726 words)

	Vitamin B2 Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Riboflavin deficiency increases lipid peroxidation and decreases the regeneration of reduced glutathione, which is necessary for the function of the antioxidant glutathione peroxidases.
		Riboflavin is readily excreted in the urine and absorption by the digestive tract may be less than 20 mg for one dose.
		The riboflavin concentrations of transition and mature milk were higher in the subjects with higher milk and riboflavin intake compared to subjects with lower milk and riboflavin intake.
	www.vitaminherbuniversity.com /topic.asp?categoryid=1&topicid=1002 (1146 words)

	Riboflavin (Vitamin B₂)
		It is the precursor of flavin mononucleotide (FMN, riboflavin monophosphate) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD).
		Riboflavin, for example, diminished lipid peroxidation and prevented the oxidation of Vitamin E in the livers of experimental animals.
		Riboflavin absorption is increased in hypothyroidism and decreased in hyperthyroidism.
	www.pdrhealth.com /drug_info/nmdrugprofiles/nutsupdrugs/rib_0263.shtml (3349 words)

	Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)
		Riboflavin is destroyed by light; therefore, items should be stored away from the light to protect their riboflavin content.
		Riboflavin is generally included in multivitamin preparations and in B-complex vitamins, and comes individually in 25-, 50-, and 100-mg tablets.
		Riboflavin should not be taken at the same time as the antibiotic tetracycline because it interferes with the absorption and effectiveness of this medication.
	www.umm.edu /altmed/ConsSupplements/VitaminB2Riboflavincs.html (2124 words)

	Riboflavin, J5 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Because riboflavin is an important component of these flavin coenzymes, riboflavin supplementation is believed to increase the efficiency of energy metabolism in cells.
		Riboflavin, also known as vitamin B2, is a water-soluble vitamin that is found naturally in the food we eat.
		Riboflavin supplementation is hypothesized to improve the efficiency of the Complex I protein by increasing the concentrations of available FMN molecules in the cell.
	www.stanford.edu /group/hopes/treatmts/ebuffer/j5.html (1112 words)

	Vitamin B2 -- Riboflavin - Elson M. Haas M.D. - HealthWorld Online
		Riboflavin is not stored in the body, except for a small quantity in the liver and kidneys, so it is needed regularly in the diet.
		Riboflavin is also instrumental in cell respiration, helping each cell utilize oxygen most efficiently; is helpful in maintaining good vision and healthy hair, skin, and nails; and is necessary for normal cell growth.
		Insufficient levels of riboflavin are provided by diets that do not include riboflavin-rich foods such as liver, yeast, and vegetables; special diets for weight loss, ulcers, or treatment of diabetes; or the diets of people who have bad eating habits and consume mostly refined foods and fast foods.
	www.healthy.net /scr/Article.asp?Id=1927 (917 words)

	Lifespan's A - Z Health Information Library - Riboflavin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Because riboflavin is destroyed by exposure to light, foods with riboflavin should not be stored in glass containers that are exposed to light.
		Deficiency of riboflavin is not common in the U.S. because this vitamin is plentiful in the food supply.
		Because riboflavin is a water-soluble vitamin, excess amounts are easily excreted by the body in the urine.
	www.lifespan.org /adam/healthillustratedencyclopedia/1/002411.html (350 words)

	Vitamin B2- riboflavin information page. All about vitamin B2 (also known as riboflavin) and the role it plays in your ...
		Riboflavin (vitamin B2) is manufactured in the body by the intestinal flora and is easily absorbed, although very small quantities are stored, so there is a constant need for this vitamin.
		Riboflavin is further needed to activate vitamin B6 (pyridoxine), helps to create niacin and assists the adrenal gland.
		Riboflavin is best taken with B group vitamins and vitamin C. But please note - if taking a B2 supplement make sure that the B6 amount is nearly the same.
	www.anyvitamins.com /vitamin-b2-riboflavin-info.htm (611 words)

	Riboflavin (vitamin B2) - MayoClinic.com
		Riboflavin is a water-soluble vitamin which is involved in vital metabolic processes in the body, and is necessary for normal cell function, growth, and energy production.
		Riboflavin is often used as a tracer of medication compliance in the treatment of patients with alcohol dependence, mental disorders, and other conditions.
		Riboflavin depletion may be measured by decreased urinary excretion of riboflavin or increased erythrocyte reductase activity coefficients.
	www.mayoclinic.com /health/vitamin-B2/NS_patient-riboflavin (1837 words)

	B2 (Riboflavin) - Supplements
		Requirements for riboflavin, like most B vitamins, are related to calorie intake — so the more food you eat, the more riboflavin you need to support the metabolic processes which will convert that food into usable energy.
		Women should be aware that riboflavin needs are elevated during pregnancy and lactation as well as by the use of oral contraceptives (birth control pills).
		Despite the role of riboflavin in a variety of energy generating processes, the role for a supplement in improving energy levels in a well-nourished person is unlikely.
	www.supplementwatch.com /supatoz/supplement.asp?supplementId=31 (352 words)

	MedlinePlus Herbs and Supplements: Riboflavin (vitamin B2)
		Riboflavin depletion may be measured by decreased urinary excretion of riboflavin or increased erythrocyte reductase activity coefficients (37;38;39).
		Riboflavin responsive ethylmalonic-adipic aciduria in a 9-month-old boy with liver cirrhosis, myopathy and encephalopathy.
		The relationship between riboflavin and plasma total homocysteine in the Framingham Offspring cohort is influenced by folate status and the C677T transition in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/druginfo/natural/patient-riboflavin.html (4960 words)

	Health Encyclopedia
		Riboflavin is found in organ meats (such as liver, kidney, and heart) and in many vegetables, nuts, legumes, and leafy greens.
		Riboflavin deficiency in man: effects on haemoglobin and reduced glutathione in erythrocytes of different ages.
		Riboflavin deficiency in an adolescent population in New York City.
	healthlibrary.epnet.com /GetContent.aspx?token=e0498803-7f62-4563-8d47-5fe33da65dd4&chunkiid=21859 (788 words)

	Nutrition Fact Sheet: Riboflavin (vitamin B2), Nutrition, Feinberg School of Medicine
		Riboflavin is a water-soluble vitamin that supports energy metabolism and biosynthesis of a number of compounds through its coenzyme forms, flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and flavin adenine mononucleotide (FMN).
		Riboflavin is not part of the vitamin enrichment mixture added to white rice because the addition of this vitamin imparts a yellowish cast.
		Signs of riboflavin deficiency are diffuse, but are typically observed in epithethial tissues and include scaly, dry skin, angular stomatitis (cracks in the skin at the corners of the mouth), cheilosis (fissuring of the lips), swollen purplish tongue, photophobia, and burning, itching eyes.
	www.feinberg.northwestern.edu /nutrition/factsheets/vitamin-b2.html (328 words)

	Liquid Vitamin B2 Riboflavin
		Riboflavin is a water-soluble vitamin that was named from the Latin word flavius (yellow) to denote the deep color of crystals formed from the pure vitamin and the deep yellow color it gives to urine.
		Biochemically, riboflavin is metabolized to form the flavin coenzymes: flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and flavin mononucleotide (FMN).
		The functional moiety in both coenzymes is riboflavin's isoalloxazine ring system, which serves as a two-electron acceptor in enzymatic biochemical reductions.
	www.tjclarkminerals.com /Products/liquid_vitamin_b2.htm (310 words)

	SparkNotes: Water Soluble Vitamins: Riboflavin
		Conversion of riboflavin to coenzymes occurs in cellular cytoplasm of tissues, primarily in the small intestine, liver, heart, and kidney.
		Excess riboflavin is readily excreted in the urine.
		Riboflavin is easily lost in cooking due to its water solubility.
	www.sparknotes.com /health/vitamins/watersoluble/section2.rhtml (380 words)

	WHFoods: riboflavin-B2
		Riboflavin is found in its simplest chemical form in most dietary supplements.
		One fat-soluble version of the vitamin, called riboflavin tetrabutyrate, has also been the subject of experimentation in treatment of riboflavin-related disorders, but is not widely available as a dietary supplement.
		The relationship between riboflavin and plasma total homocysteine in the Framingham Offspring cohort is influenced by folate status and the C677T transition in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase.
	www.whfoods.com /genpage.php?tname=nutrient&dbid=93 (1393 words)

	AccessMedicine - Harrison's Internal Medicine: Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)
		"Riboflavin is important for the metabolism of fat, carbohydrate, and protein, reflecting its role as a respiratory coenzyme and an electron donor.
		Riboflavin deficiency is almost always due to dietary deficiency.
		Riboflavin is extremely sensitive to light, and milk should be stored in containers that protect against photodegradation.
	www.accessmedicine.com /content.aspx?aID=59692 (273 words)

	Riboflavin - Vitamin B2
		Riboflavin is a light sensitive compound, so foods containing this vitamin should not be stored in direct sunlight otherwise the vitamin will be rapidly destroyed.
		Riboflavin deficiency (ariboflavinosis) is more common in the developed world than deficiencies of other vitamins, despite its ready availability from dietary sources.
		There have been a few reports of the effects of riboflavin in relation to certain site-specific cancers, and its potential in reducing the risk of cataracts, but overall, the data are insufficient at this time to consider supplemental riboflavin as a preventive measure for reduction of risk in these disorders.
	www.preventivehealthtoday.com /nutrition/vit_b2.html (560 words)

	Riboflavin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) is used during endurance exercise to help breakdown carbohydrates and fats for energy.
		Research on women shows that riboflavin levels are lowered after just 30 minutes of exercise, therefore it's important that you're getting the RDA each day (1.3 milligrams for women).
		Riboflavin can be found milk, yogurt and other dairy products.
	iml.jou.ufl.edu /projects/Spring01/Gangnagel/riboflavin.htm (65 words)

	Riboflavin
		Riboflavin - also known as vitamin B-2 - is an "essential" vitamin; that is, the body doesn't produce the vitamin on its own, and yet it's indispensable to good health, so it must be provided in the diet.
		The 400 mg dose of riboflavin used in the study is considered high, but none of the subjects reported any adverse reactions.
		Riboflavin is not always efficiently absorbed by the digestive tract, so anyone who puts it to use for migraine prevention may also want to try other natural preventive agents such as magnesium (many migraine patients have been shown to have magnesium deficiencies), and feverfew, a herbal anti-inflammatory.
	www.thehealthierlife.co.uk /article/3012/riboflavin.html (1134 words)

	MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Riboflavin
		Riboflavin is a water-soluble vitamin in the B-complex group.
		Riboflavin (vitamin B-2) works with the other B vitamins.
		Breads and cereals are often fortified with riboflavin.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/ency/article/002411.htm (401 words)

	riboflavin
		Riboflavin is a water-soluble B-vitamin, also known as vitamin B2.
		The AI is a recommended daily intake level based on observed or experimentally determined approximations of nutrient intake by a group of healthy people who are assumed to be maintaining an adequate nutritional state.
		Riboflavin is widely distributed in small amounts in foods.
	www.sahealthinfo.org /nutrition/vitaminminerals/vitamins/riboflavin.htm (274 words)

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