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	BBC - History - Richard I (1157 - 1199)
		Richard was a king of England, later known as the 'Lion Heart', and famous for his exploits in the Third Crusade, although during his 10-year reign he spent only six months in England.
		Richard was born on 8 September 1157 in Oxford, son of Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine.
		Richard refused and, in 1189, joined forces with Philip II of France against his father, hounding him to a premature death in July 1189.
	www.bbc.co.uk /history/historic_figures/richard_i_king.shtml (399 words)

	RICHARD I,
		When he was an infant, Richard was betrothed to a daughter of the French king Louis VII, and in 1172 he was given the duchy of Aquitaine in France, his mother’s inheritance.
		Richard spent months in indecisive contests against Saladin, sultan of Egypt and Syria, before making a truce by which Jerusalem was left in Saladin’s hands.
		Richard returned to England and there made peace with his brother, John, later king of England, who in his absence had been conspiring with Philip to usurp the English throne.
	www.history.com /encyclopedia.do?articleId=220658 (885 words)

	Richard I - LoveToKnow 1911
		RICHARD (1157-1199), king of England, nicknamed "Coeur de Lion" and "Yea and Nay," was the third son of Henry II.
		Richard was soon pardoned and reinstated in his duchy, where he distinguished himself by crushing a formidable revolt (1175) and exacting homage from the count of Toulouse.
		Richard could only stand on the defensive; the keynote of his later policy is given by the building of the famous Château Gaillard at Les Andelys (1196) to protect the lower courses of the Seine against invasion from the side of France.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Richard_I (1684 words)

	Richard I, King Of England
		Richard I, born at Oxford, 6 Sept, 1157; died at Chaluz, France, 6 April, 1199; was known to the minstrels of a later age, rather than to his contemporaries, as "Coeur-de-Lion".
		To Richard were allotted the territories in the South of France belonging to his mother Eleanor of Aquitaine, and before he was sixteen he was inducted as Duke of that province.
		Richard was induced to surrender England to the Emperor (as John a few years later was to make over England to the Holy See), and then Henry conferred the kingdom upon his captive as a fief at the Diet of Mainz, in Feb., 1194 (see Bloch, "Forschungen", Appendix IV).
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/r/richard_i,king_of_england.html (1497 words)

	Richard I
		Richard, who was destined to be known as Coeur de Leon, was born in the Palace of Oxford and selected to be his mother's heir to Aquitaine and Poitou.
		Richard was intended to marry Alice Capet, daughter of King Louis of France, and was betrothed to her at young age.
		Richard was the favorite child of his mother, Eleanor of Aquitaine, and as such he engaged in the rebellion in 1173 against his father at her encouragement.
	www-personal.umich.edu /~garnerj/school/history_220/richard_i.htm (568 words)

	Richard I
		Richard was a younger maternal half-brother of Marie de Champagne and Alix of France.
		At the age of seventeen, Richard was the last of the brothers to hold out against Henry; though, in the end, he refused to fight him face to face and humbly begged his pardon.
		As for Richard, he was discouraged from renouncing Alys because she was the sister of King Philip II of France, a close ally.
	www.the-world-in-focus.com /Europe/England/Royal_Family/richardi.html (1303 words)

	The Knights Templar \| King Richard I - The Lionheart \| www.templarhistory.com
		While Richard Plantagenet is revered as one of the great warrior kings of England, he is perhaps best known as "the absent king." This is due to the fact that during his reign from 1189-1199, he spent a total of six months in England.
		Richard Plantagenet came into the world September 8th in the year 1157 AD Although born in Oxfordshire England, Richard was a child of Aquitaine a part of Southern France.
		At the age of fourteen, Richard was named the Duke of Aquitane in the church of St. Hillaire at Poitiers which was one of the lands made homage to the French King.
	www.templarhistory.com /richard.html (836 words)

	GENUKI: Kings of England - R
		Richard died of his wound on the 6th of April, 1199, in the 42nd year of his age, and the 10th of his reign, leaving no issue.
		Richard showed no small courage and presence of mind on the outbreak of the insurrection provoked by the poll tax and the scandalous manner in which it was collected ; meeting the insurgents with their leader Wat the Tyler, in Smithfield, and persuading them, by promises of full charters of freedom to quit the city.
		King of England, brother of Edward IV and youngest son of Richard, Duke of York, was born at Fotheringay Castle on the 2nd of October, 1452.
	www.genuki.org.uk /big/royalty/kingr.html (1551 words)

	Cyprus under Richard I
		Richard thereupon landed his followers in boats, and at the head of his men, attacked the Cypriots on the shore.
		Richard then placed a large force under the command of Guy de Lusignan with orders to pursue and capture Isaac, while he himself with his ships sailed round the island seizing all the towns and ports on the coast.
		On 12 May, 1191, Richard, king of England, was married at Limassol to Berengaria, daughter of the king of Navvare, and on the same day Berengaria was crowned queen of England by John, bishop of Evereux.
	www.cypnet.com /.ncyprus/history/17.htm (1324 words)

	Richard I of England - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Richard was a younger maternal half-brother of Marie de Champagne and Alix of France.
		Richard himself was discouraged from renouncing Alys because she was the sister of King Philip II of France, a close ally.
		Richard's bowels and brain were buried at the abbey of Charroux in Aquitaine (for the land's perfidy towards him), his heart was buried at Rouen, while the rest of his remains were buried next to his father at Fontevraud Abbey.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Richard_I_of_England (6164 words)

	English Monarchs - Kings and Queens of England - Richard the Lionheart.
		Richard was born at Beaumont Palace, Oxford, on 8th September, 1157, the third son of Henry II and his French wife, Eleanor of Aquitaine.
		Richard was known to be fond of music and was nurtured in the troubadour culture of his mother's southern homeland.
		Richard was in open rebellion against Henry II when the latter died in 1189, but on succeeding to the throne he acted generously to William Marshall and to all who had remained loyal to his father and honoured his last wishes.
	www.englishmonarchs.co.uk /plantagenet_2.htm (1893 words)

	Richard I - Uncyclopedia, the content-free encyclopedia
		Richard I (October 31, 666 - June 6, 1944) was King of England from 1111 to 1199, and then again from 1308 to 1313.
		Richard and Phil then rented an apartment in Boston, where they felt they would be more accepted.
		Richard replied that he was a vassal of Kevin's part-time empire of Waterworld, and besides, his movies weren't that bad.
	uncyclopedia.org /wiki/Richard_I (228 words)

	Richard the Lionheart
		Richard officially proclaimed his nephew, the son of Geoffrey, Arthur of Brittany, as his heir, and Tancred promised to later marry one of his daughters to Arthur when he came of age (Arthur was only four years old at the time).
		Richard's tactics ensured success at the siege of Acre and on the subsequent march south, Saladin's men being unable to harass the Crusader army into an impulsive action which might not have gone their way.
		On his return to Europe in the autumn of 1192, Richard was captured by Duke Leopold — whom he had publicly insulted in the course of the crusade — and was handed over as a prisoner to the Emperor Henry VI after being held captive at Dürnstein.
	www.themiddleages.net /people/richard_lionheart.html (2627 words)

	Richard I. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		However, he was captured (Dec., 1192) by Leopold V of Austria, with whom Richard had quarreled on crusade, and was imprisoned in the castle of Dürnstein, where the troubadour Blondel de Nesle is supposed (by legend) to have found him.
		Richard returned (1194) briefly to England to complete the suppression of the revolt raised against him by his brother John and to raise funds.
		Richard spent only six months of his reign in England, which he was concerned with chiefly as a source of revenue, but his ministers, William of Longchamp and Hubert Walter, were able to rule the kingdom effectively by the excellent administrative system set up by Henry II and extended by them.
	www.bartleby.com /65/ri/Richard1.html (482 words)

	King Richard I - Robin Hood Loxley Little John Hathersage legend outlaw Barnsdale Nottingham crusades chivalry
		Richard took possession of the English crown and one of the first things he did after his fathers death was to make peace with his opponents who had been loyal to his father and far from showing himself vindictive he actually rewarded their fidelity for he had a chivalrous respect of loyalty.
		King Richard I was received for his coronation with great enthusiasm when he landed in England in the summer of 1189 for he had thrown open the prison doors and liberated all who had been arbitrarily or unjustly imprisoned, especially for offences against forest law.
		King Richard's intention had been to stay in England but this he was unable to do owing to the alliance between his brother John and Philip Augustus, king of France who were plotting against him and after two months in England he went back to Normandy in May 1194.
	myweb.ecomplanet.com /kirk6479/mycustompage0029.htm (1925 words)

	HistoryMole: King Richard I (1157-1199)
		Richard was the son of Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine and the second king in the Plantagenet line.
		Richard was burried in Fontevrault Abbey in Anjou.
		The Chateau Gaillard of Richard the Lionhearted was defeated and partly dismantled as punishment.
	www.historymole.com /cgi-bin/main/results.pl?type=theme&theme=BritRichardI (744 words)

	Richard the Lionheart (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Richard the Lionhearted was the third son derived from the union of Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine.
		Richard was given the lands that had belonged to his mother before her marriage to Henry II, some territory in the South of France.
		Richard and his two brothers were extremely upset with their father's decision to bestow to them very little power over their inherited lands.
	faculty.smu.edu /bwheeler/Ency/richardI.html (320 words)

	Richard I of England Summary
		Richard was the third son of Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine.
		Richard, who had removed some of his chainmail, was wounded in the shoulder by a crossbow bolt launched from a tower by Basile, as the King laughed at the man's ingenuity in using a frying-pan as a shield.
		Richard's bowels were buried at the foot of the tower from which the shot was loosed, his heart was buried at Rouen, while the rest of his remains were buried next to his father at Fontevraud Abbey near Chinon and Saumur, France.
	www.bookrags.com /Richard_I_of_England (6481 words)

	Richard I — FactMonster.com
		Richard remained but had to abandon his attempt to seize the strongly fortified city of Jerusalem.
		Richard returned (1194) briefly to England to complete the suppression of the revolt raised against him by his brother John and to raise funds.
		Richards - Richards, I. Richards, I. (Ivor Armstrong Richards), 1893–1979, English literary...
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/people/A0841801.html (461 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Richard I, King of England
		To Richard were allotted the territories in the South of France belonging to his mother Eleanor of Aquitaine, and before he was sixteen he was inducted as Duke of that province.
		But other quarrels followed between Richard and his father, and it was in the heat of the most desperate of these, in which the astuteness of Philip Augustus had contrived to implicate Henry's favourite son John, that the old King died broken-hearted, 6 July, 1189.
		Richard was induced to surrender England to the Emperor (as John a few years later was to make over England to the Holy See), and then Henry conferred the kingdom upon his captive as a fief at the Diet of Mainz, in Feb., 1194 (see Bloch, "Forschungen", Appendix IV).
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/13041b.htm (1641 words)

	Richard I - OtherSpaceWiki
		His Majesty King Richard I (Richard Christian Duncan Isherwood), styled HM The King (born 31 July 2811) is the King of Sivad and head of state of the Kingdom of Sivad.
		Richard was born at Isherwood House in Enaj, Sivad on 31 July 2811.
		Richard was declared dead, and a funeral held, in 2844.
	os.jointhesaga.com /OSWiki/mediawiki-1.4.6/index.php/Richard_I (1583 words)

	King Richard I (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Richard I, called Coeur de Lion or Lion-Hearted (1157-99), King of England (1189-99), third son of King Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine, born in Oxford.
		When he was an infant, Richard was betrothed to a daughter of the French king Louis VII, and in 1172 he was given the duchy of Aquitaine in France, his mother's inheritance.
		Richard returned to England and there made peace with his brother, John, later king of England, who in his absence had been conspiring with Philip to usurp the English throne.
	obriencastle.com /obriencastle/RichardI.html (427 words)

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