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Topic: Richard, Duke of York

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Richard Plantagenet, Duke of York

Duke of York

King Richard III

Edward, Duke of York

Richard, Earl of Cambridge

Edward IV of England

Henry Stafford, 2nd Duke of Buckingham

Richard III of England

Wars of the Roses

Henry VI

Edmund of Langley

	Richard, Duke Of York - LoveToKnow 1911
		RICHARD YORK, DUKE OF (1411-1460), was born on the 21st of September 1411, the son of Richard, earl of Cambridge, second son of Edmund of Langley, duke of York.
		By the death of his uncle Edward at Agincourt he became duke of York, and on the death of Edmund Mortimer in 1425 he succeeded to his claims as representing in the female line the elder branch of the royal family.
		Richard of York was not a great statesman, but he had qualities of restraint and moderation, and might have made a good king.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Richard,_Duke_Of_York (1204 words)

	House Of York - LoveToKnow 1911
		It may be said that his claim, at the time it was advanced, was rightly barred by prescription, the house of Lancaster having then occupied the throne for three generations, and that it was really owing to the misgovernment of Margaret of Anjou, and her favourites that it was advanced at all.
		For the duke was descended from Lionel, duke of Clarence, the third son of Edward III., while the house of Lancaster came of John of Gaunt, a younger brother of Lionel.
		For his father, Richard, earl of Cambridge, was the son of Edmund, duke of York, fifth son of Edward III.; and he himself was the direct lineal heir of this Edmund, just as much as he was of Lionel, duke of Clarence.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /House_Of_York (1737 words)

	Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York (21 September 1411 – 30 December 1460) was the son of Richard of Conisburgh, 3rd Earl of Cambridge, a noble who had been executed for treason by King Henry V in 1415, and of Anne de Mortimer, who, like her husband, was a direct descendant of King Edward III.
		York became all the more determined to achieve the throne for the House of York, and he was victorious over the Lancastrians at the Battle of Northampton.
		York headed north and he was killed fighting the Lancastrians at the Battle of Wakefield on 30 December 1460, along with his second son, Edmund, Earl of Rutland.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Richard,_Duke_of_York (709 words)

	York, Richard, duke of. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Richard was brought up as a royal ward, having become duke of York on the death of his uncle Edward in 1415.
		Dismissed when the king recovered, York resorted to arms (see Roses, Wars of the) and, with the help of his wife’s relatives, most notably Richard Neville, earl of Warwick, won the first battle of St. Albans (1455), in which Somerset was killed.
		A compromise was arranged by which York was recognized as protector and heir apparent to the throne, but Margaret (whose own son had thus been disinherited) gathered her forces and defeated the Yorkists at the battle of Wakefield, in which York was slain.
	www.bartleby.com /65/yo/York-Ric.html (448 words)

	The House of York
		Richard’s first wife, Anne Mortimer, was sister and afterwards heiress to the Earl of March and to the claims of her great-grandfather, Lionel, Duke of Clarence, second son of Edward I, thus giving her Yorkist successors a superior claim to the throne over the House of Lancaster.
		As badges, he used the white rose of York, the sun in splendour, and the white rose en soliel, as well as the lion, the bull and the hart, the falcon and fetterlock of the dukes of York, and a white rose incorporating red petals, a forerunner of the Tudor rose.
		The attainder was reversed in 1495 on the petition of Ratcliffe's son Richard.
	www.richard111.com /house_of_york.htm (14089 words)

	Encyclopedia: Richard, Duke of York (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Richard (Plantagenet), Duke of York (21 September 1411- 30 December 1460) was the son of Richard, Earl of Cambridge, a noble who had been executed for treason by King Henry V of England in 1415, and of Anne Mortimer, who, like her husband, was a direct descendant of King Edward III.
		York was victorious at the First Battle of St Albans on 22 May 1455, at which Somerset was killed, but he was soon forced to back down and come to terms with the King.
		York was killed fighting the Lancastrians at the Battle of Wakefield on 30 December 1460.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Richard,-Duke-of-York (598 words)

	Richard of Shrewsbury, 1st Duke of York - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Richard of Shrewsbury, 1st Duke of York and 1st Duke of Norfolk (17 August 1473–1483?) was the second son of King Edward IV of England and Elizabeth Woodville and, thus, the younger brother of King Edward V.
		The Regency council under Richard Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Gloucester, concluded that this was a case of bigamy, invalidating the second marriage and the legitimacy of all children of Edward IV by this marriage.
		Richard's might have been the smaller of two skeletons discovered in a chest in the Tower in 1674, but there is as yet no evidence one way or the other.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Richard,_Duke_of_York_(Prince_in_the_Tower) (445 words)

	Wars of the Roses: Richard, Duke of York (c.1410-1460) [Richard of York, Richard Plantagenet]
		RICHARD, DUKE OF YORK (c.1410-1460), was the son of Richard, Earl of Cambridge, by Anne, daughter of Roger, Earl of March.
		York now for the first time asserted his claim to the throne, and after a long discussion a compromise was effected, by which Henry was to retain the crown during his life-time, after which it was to revert to York and his heirs.
		Meanwhile the duke and his sons were not to molest the king, any attempt on the duke's life was made high treason, and the principality of Wales was handed over to him.
	www.luminarium.org /encyclopedia/richardyork.htm (828 words)

	Richard, Duke of York
		The royal title "Duke of York" was held, during the 15th century by two Richards, both surnamed Plantagenet and both of whom played a key role in the period known as the Wars of the Roses.
		Richard, Duke of York (1411-1460) was the son of Richard, Earl of Cambridge, a noble who had been executed for treason by King Henry V of England in 1415, and of Anne Mortimer, who, like her husband, was a direct descendant of King Edward III.
		Richard, Duke of York (August 17, 1473 - 1483?) was the second son of Edward IV of England and Elizabeth Woodville and, thus, the younger brother of Edward V of England.
	www.fastload.org /ri/Richard,_Duke_of_York.html (460 words)

	[No title]
		The heirs of Richard II, stemming from Lionel, Duke of Clarence and Edward, Duke of York, the second and fourth sons of Edward III, were disinherited from the throne.
		The Duke of York claimed the throne; and in December of 1460, York, and his seventeen year old son, Edmund, Duke of Rutland were ambushed and killed at the Battle of Wakefield.
		Richard relinquished the remainder of Warwick's lands and property, and surrendered the office of Great Chamberlain of England for the modest office of Warden of the Royal Forests beyond Trent and agreed to George receiving the earldoms of Warwick and Salisbury.
	richard111.com /richardiii.htm (3686 words)

	English Monarchs - Kings and Queens of England - Richard III.
		The last of England's line Plantagenet kings, Richard III was born at Fotheringay Castle in Northamptonshire on 2nd October, 1452, the eleventh child in a large family and fourth surviving son of Richard Plantagenet, Duke of York, (premier descendant of Lionel, Duke of Clarence, the third son of Edward III) and Cecily Neville.
		As an infant Richard was weak and sickly and not expected to survive the perils of childhood in the late middle ages.
		Richard III sat uneasily on his throne in 1483, the deep distrust of the nobility had been engendered by the manner of Lord Hastings demise and the apparent disappearance of the Edward V and his brother.
	www.englishmonarchs.co.uk /plantagenet_14.htm (1894 words)

	GENUKI: Dukes of Great Britain (L-Z)
		He was concerned in various plots, which had for their object the exclusion of the Duke of York from the crown; and he was, in consequence, ordered by Charles to quit the kingdom.
		The rebels were defeated, and the Duke himself was made prisoner, being found in the disguise of a peasant, lying at the bottom of a ditch, overcome with hunger, fatigue, and anxiety.
		Made Constable of England in 1430, Regent of France after the Duke of Bedford's death, he was recalled in 1446, opposed the policy of Queen Margaret and was named, in 1449, Lieutenant of Ireland.
	www.genuki.org.uk /big/royalty/dukel-z.html (1017 words)

	Richard, Duke of York -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		York gradually gathered together his forces, however, and the civil wars known as the (Struggle for the English throne (1455-1485) between the house of York (white rose) and the house of Lancaster (red rose) ending with the accession of the Tudor monarch Henry VII) Wars of the Roses eventually broke out in 1455.
		York himself was forced into exile in Ireland, while his eldest son Edward fled to Calais with York's most powerful ally, the Earl of Warwick.
		York headed north and he was killed fighting the Lancastrians at the (Click link for more info and facts about Battle of Wakefield) Battle of Wakefield on 30 December 1460.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/R/Ri/Richard,_Duke_of_York.htm (814 words)

	York, Richard, duke of — FactMonster.com
		Clarence, George, duke of - Clarence, George, duke of Clarence, George, duke of, 1449–78, son of Richard, duke of York,...
		Clarence, Lionel, duke of - Clarence, Lionel, duke of Clarence, Lionel, duke of, 1338–68, third son of Edward III of...
		Warwick, Richard Neville, earl of - Warwick, Richard Neville, earl of Warwick, Richard Neville, earl of, 1428–71, English...
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/people/A0853110.html (505 words)

	Richard, Duke of York
		Richard, Duke of York was born on 21 September, 1411, the son of Richard of York, 1st Earl of Cambridge and Lady Anne de Mortimer.
		In the early 1420s Richard married the beautiful Cecily Neville, ‘the Rose of Raby’, a daughter of the Earl of Westmoreland and brother to the Earl of Salisbury.
		The Duke was a great grandson of Edward III and heir to the throne until Edward of Lancaster’s birth in 1453.
	www.wars-of-the-roses.com /content/importantpeople/richard_duke_of_york.htm (348 words)

	Wars of the Roses: House of York
		Both the house of York and the house of Lancaster were descended from Edward III.
		Richard, duke of York, had a dual claim to the throne, one through his mother and one through his father.
		Richard believed his royal lineage was stronger than any person of the Lancastrian line and thus he (and his family) deserved to inherit the crown.
	www.warsoftheroses.com /york.cfm (117 words)

	St Albans 1
		Richard, Duke of York; Richard Neville, Earl of Salisbury; Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick
		Parliament was disolved, York's ally, the Duke of Salisbury, was dismissed from the office of Chancellor and York's enemy, the Duke of Somerset, was released from the Tower.
		York was convinced that the council was a trap, and hoped to intercept the king on his way there.
	www.fifteenthcentury.net /albans1.html (711 words)

	Michael Miller - Wars of the Roses - Chapter 45: Richard, Duke of York, Protector and Defender of the Realm: April to ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Richard's pretensions that his office only lasted during the King's Pleasure, which meant until King Henry VI should recover or until the infant Prince came of age, were dismissed as pious and hypocritical humbug.
		It is fair to criticise her for failing to understand Richard, Duke of York, and what motivated him, and for a similar failure to understand the constitutional apparatus of the country over which her husband reigned.
		Richard had an outstanding record of loyal public service, both in France and in Ireland, and never once had he claimed that it was he and not King Henry VI who should have sat on the Throne.
	www.warsoftheroses.co.uk /chapter_45.htm (2576 words)

	Richard III Society-Online Library
		The conflict known as the Wars of the Roses (1455-1485) was a dynastic struggle for the English throne between the descendants of the sons of Edward III, the Duke of York and the Duke of Lancaster, all surnamed Plantagenet.
		This Richard Duke of York was descended in the direct male line from Edward III's fifth son Edmund Duke of York and through his mother, Anne Mortimer, in the direct female line from the third son Lionel Duke of Clarence.
		Richard Duke of Gloucester became King of England legally by birthright and by Parliamentary act.
	www.r3.org /bookcase/vineyard.html (1965 words)

	RICHARD, DUKE OF YORK (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Richard, Duke of York (1411-1460) was the son of Richard, Earl of Cambridge, a noble who had been executed for treason by King Henry V of England in 1415, and of Anne Mortimer, who, like her husband, was a direct descendant of King Edward III.
		Richard, Duke of York (August 17, 1473 - 1483?) was the second son of Edward IV of England and Elizabeth Woodville and, thus, the younger brother of Edward V of England.
		Young Richard's uncle, Richard III of England, took him to the Tower of London in mid-1483, and what happened to him and his brother -- the Princes in the Tower -- after that has been the subject of much speculation and debate ever since.
	www.websters-online-dictionary.org /definition/RICHARD,+DUKE+OF+YORK (464 words)

	Michael Miller - Wars of the Roses - Chapter 42: Richard, Duke of York, rebels: February 1452
		Sir Richard Wydeville, who had been created Baron Rivers in 1448, was appointed Seneschal of Acquitaine and was authorised to raise such a force of 300 men-at-arms and 2, 700 archers and lead it to the relief of the endangered provinces.
		Richard must have reflected, once he was back at home on his estates, that he had undone all the good he had achieved by leaving Ireland, his interview with the King in August 1450, and his handling of the 1450/1451 Parliament.
		Richard had been forgiven for his rebellion, but there was still ringing in his ear the final jibe of Somerset, who had told him that he was most fortunate to escape the usual penalties of treason on this occasion, but that next time he would not be so lucky.
	www.warsoftheroses.co.uk /chapter_42.htm (3018 words)

	[No title]
		Duke of York Henry of Lancaster, resign thy crown.
		Duke of York Thou canst not, son; it is impossible.
		Richard Revoke that doom of mercy, for 'tis Clifford, Who, not contented that he lopped the branch In hewing Rutland when his leaves put forth, But set his murdering knife unto the root From whence that tender spray did sweetly spring, I mean our princely father, Duke of York.
	www.cs.utah.edu /~goller/books/SHAKESPE/3_HENRY6.NEW (20199 words)

	BBC - History - Henry VI and Richard, Duke of York 1453 - 61 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Henry VI and Richard, Duke of York 1453 - 61
		Richard, Duke of York was the largest landowner in England after Henry VI.
		Early in 1461, York was defeated and killed at Wakefield.
	www.bbc.co.uk /history/timelines/england/lmid_henry_vi_richard_york.shtml (272 words)

	duke of Richard York - Encyclopedia.com
		Richard York, duke of 1411-60, English nobleman, claimant to the throne.
		Fleshing out the bones: the brief lives of Edward V and Richard, Duke of York.
		Duke's Tenured Vigilantes; The scandalous rush to judgment in the lacrosse "rape" case.(Reade Seligmann and Collin Finnerty)
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-York-Ric.html (1564 words)

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