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	Richard Beeching - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Beeching became infamous in Britain in the early 1960s for his role in masterminding the Beeching Axe railway closures of that decade.
		Beeching was born in Maidstone, Kent, the second of four brothers.
		Beeching resigned in 1965 after recommendations in one of his reports were rejected by the government.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Richard_Beeching (641 words)

	Beeching Axe - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A set of proposals for the future of the railways that came to be known as the "Beeching Plan" were adopted by the Government, resulting in the closure of a third of the rail network and the scrapping of a third of a million freight wagons, much as Stedeford had forseen.
		Beeching believed the railway system should be run like a business, not a public service, and that if parts of the railway system did not pay their way—like some rural branch lines— they should be eliminated.
		Beeching made a study of traffic on all the railway lines in the country and concluded that 80% of the traffic was carried on just 20% of the network, with much of the rest of the system carrying little traffic and operating at a loss.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Beeching_axe (2184 words)

	Converted file ewn
		Beeching and the NEA correctly recognize that Levee’s claim for interference with her relationship with her employer, SBCSC, is one for intentional interference with a contractual relationship.
		Beeching and the NEA contend that they have demonstrated that the undisputed material facts prove that Beeching’s conduct was justified and that he did not induce Levee’s employer to breach its contract with her, thus negating two elements of Levee’s action.
		Beeching and the NEA maintain that judgment on the evidence was appropriate because the undisputed facts establish that Levee’s diminished merit raise was not the direct and proximate result of Beeching’s comments.
	www.in.gov /judiciary/opinions/archive/05310001.ewn.html (5482 words)

	Converted file pdm (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Beeching is the UNISERV Director for the NEA-South Bend, and he is married to Elaine Beeching ("Elaine"), a teacher at Eggleston.
		Beeching also argues that the trial court erred when it granted Levee’s motion for a mistrial because the trial court determined that the verdicts were inconsistent.
		Hill, 385 U.S. Beeching argues this is a matter of public concern because “the state of Indiana’s public schools are of utmost importance to the public, and that schools must account to the public for their performance.” Reply Br.
	www.in.gov /judiciary/opinions/archive/02280204.pdm.html (4419 words)

	Dr Beeching
		Richard Beeching was appointed as Chairman of the newly formed British Railways Board in June 1961 by the Minister of Transport.
		In short Beeching was appointed by a government that doubted rail had any future except for a few trunk routes and commuter lines and told to prove it and ditch most of it.
		Beeching had no option but to work with the information he was given; it is pointless to blame him for decisions he had no option but to make on the basis of bad information - he could only do his best with the information he was given.
	www.rodge.force9.co.uk /faq/beeching.html (3922 words)

	Beeching Axe - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Also on the Committee was Dr. Richard Beeching and the two men clashed on a number of issues connected with Beeching 's proposals to drastically prune the rail infrastructure of the UK.
		A set of proposals for the future of the railways which came to be known as the "Beeching Plan" were adopted by the Government resulting in the complete closure of a third of the rail network and the scrapping of a third of a million freight wagons, much as Stedeford had forseen.
		The government argued that many of the rail services could be provided more cheaply by buses, and in a policy known as "bustitution", promised that any abandoned rail services would have their place taken by a replacement bus service, although this policy proved unsuccessful.
	psychcentral.com /psypsych/Beeching_Axe (2213 words)

	BBC - Radio 4 - Back to Beeching
		It was earmarked for closure under the Beeching proposals and was eventually closed in 1969.
		Beeching's plan was a simple one: He began by looking at where the railways actually lost money - which services and lines were responsible for the deficit.
		Beeching reckoned a loss of over £30m a year would become a profit of £12m a year within eight years.
	www.bbc.co.uk /radio4/history/beeching_prog1.shtml (1007 words)

	EG Net - Entertainment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		He is best known for the scheme devised and approved under his chairmanship (the Beeching Report) for the substantial contraction of the rail network of the UK in 1963.
		Beeching's bombshell, announced March 25 1963, recommended that loss-making lines (mainly in rural areas) be closed.
		"Beeching Way" in East Grinstead was named after him as it is the site of one of the railway lines made obsolete by the Beeching Report.
	www.egnet.co.uk /entertainment/celebritybarronbeeceing.html (194 words)

	Guardian \| Rail network set for further cuts
		Forty years after Dr Richard Beeching, as chairman of British Rail, cut 5,000 miles of line, rail regulator Tom Winsor has admitted to The Observer that closures - the dreaded last resort - are a serious option if spiralling maintenance costs are to be controlled.
		However, Richard Bowker, chairman of the SRA, has pledged there will be no 'Beeching 2' and is not contemplating shutting any of the existing 11,000 miles of the network.
		Richard Hope, consultant editor of the Railway Gazette, said 3,000 to 4,000 miles of line would have to be axed to make a real impact on costs.
	www.guardian.co.uk /print/0,3858,4616560-103630,00.html (610 words)

	BBC - Radio 4 - Back to Beeching
		Dick Beeching was born in Kent in April 1913, the second of four brothers whose parents made great sacrifices to send them to Maidstone Grammar School.
		Beeching's experienced team of engineers were, at first, doubtful about his approach to engineering problems.
		In November 1964, Beeching was asked by the Prime Minister Harold MacMillan to examine the problem of road and rail co-ordination of both passenger and freight transport.
	www.bbc.co.uk /radio4/history/beeching_biography.shtml (956 words)

	Institute of Railway Studies & Transport History \| Railway Readings
		The industrialist Dr Richard Beeching was appointed chairman of the British Transport Commission in 1961 and became chairman of the new British Railways Board upon its establishment in 1963.
		Beeching suggests that a coordinated transport policy is required and admits that profitability of individual forms of transport is not necessarily the best test of efficiency; nor are we convinced that the social factors in transport are as insignificant as has been suggested.
		The Beeching proposals cannot be subjected to much compromise if the railways are to be treated as a separate part of transport, and there is much in them which should be implemented quickly.
	www.york.ac.uk /inst/irs/irshome/features/readings/archive/beeching.htm (6809 words)

	Re: Dr Beeching (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		IIRC the Swanage closure was not proposed by Beeching.
		It is worth remembering when Beeching came on the scene a very large number of branches had already been closed by the 'Branch Line Commitee'.
		Beeching get the blame for closing lines that should still be open.
	www.railpage.org.au /ausrail/99jan/msg00453.html (228 words)

	Beeching
		He was replaced by Doctor Richard Beeching, previously technical director of ICI (Imperial Chemical Industries).
		Perhaps the public did not realise that Beeching's proposals were merely a speeding up of a closure process already under way.
		Beeching did not achieve what he set out to do and the railways continued to lose money.
	www.timmonet.co.uk /html/body_beeching.htm (2512 words)

	BBC ON THIS DAY \| 23 \| 1964: Beeching to leave British Railways
		Dr Richard Beeching was appointed chairman of the newly formed British Railways Board in June 1961 by the Minister of Transport and during that time the system has seen a radical overhaul with many thousands of track being closed.
		Dr Beeching said he was able to carry out the task but could devote no more than six months to it, in order for him to be able to return to ICI.
		So it is not clear at this stage whether he was forced to leave his £24,000 a year job, a year before his five-year leave period from ICI was due to expire, or whether he himself decided not to accept the position.
	news.bbc.co.uk /onthisday/hi/dates/stories/december/23/newsid_4019000/4019181.stm (472 words)

	BBC ON THIS DAY \| 16 \| 1965: Beeching plans for 'bloated' railways
		Dr Beeching's rail modernisation scheme is to cater for a growing population and freight movements, increasingly served by alternative means of transport such as cars and aeroplanes.
		Transport Minister Tom Fraser has refused to commit the Government to Dr Beeching's proposals and issued a statement to say the report would be "subject to constructive criticism".
		Dr Beeching was head of British Railways from 1961, but is set to return to his old job at ICI in June after being sacked by the government at the end of last year.
	news.bbc.co.uk /onthisday/hi/dates/stories/february/16/newsid_2545000/2545597.stm (396 words)

	Welcome to The Branch Line
		Basically Dr. Beeching was the "Head" of BR and did what he was briefed to do by the British Government.
		The report revealed that only half the routes covered the cost of operating them, and that half the stations produced about 95% of all the revenue.
		When the "Beeching Plan" was finalised in 1965, it recommended that only about half of the 17,000 miles of track be retained.
	clutch.open.ac.uk /schools/giffard99/Last_days.html (571 words)

	Tracks to Tarmac?
		The "Beeching Axe" was responsible for the closure of thousands of miles of rail route and hundreds of local stations on routes that remained open, facilities which in many cases had been accepted as part of local life for a hundred years or more.
		Rural branch lines had been rendered hopelessly uneconomic by the advent of the motor bus and the motor lorry, and represented a dead weight of cost that was dragging the whole system down.
		Beeching recognised that the railways needed to concentrate on the types of traffic where they had the greatest competitive advantage, rather than trying to offer a universal service.
	www.speedlimit.org.uk /railconv.html (1743 words)

	Hariot, Virginia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		In this, Richard Hakluyt carved his niche into literary history as the first individual to compile and publish these travel narratives.
		One of these anomalies and one of the most significant pieces that was published by Hakluyt was Thomas Harriot's A Briefe and True Report of the New Found Land of Virginia, published in 1588, which attempted something quite novel: a dispassionate cataloguing of the sights and sounds of this new land.
		For, "the Report conveys neither a sense that Harriot acted deliberately to undermine Algonquian belief nor that he assumed an easy isomorphism between native American and European societies."[] Instead, Harriot sees the sum of his experiences with a precursor to the anthropological eye and, significantly, concentrates more on the description than on the evaluation.
	www.valpo.edu /english/emtexts/hariot.html (2477 words)

	Ancestors of Emily Tuppen
		Marriage: Richard Kemp Beeching on 26 Jun 1875 in Hove, Sussex
		Emily married Richard Kemp Beeching on 26 Jun 1875 in Hove, Sussex.
		(Richard Kemp Beeching was born in Dec 1848 in Hove, Sussex
	freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com /~bobmorris/812.htm (241 words)

	Dr Beeching: villain or visionary? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		For a start that infamous Beeching report, The Reshaping of Our Railways, issued 40 years ago on March 27, 1963, was officially only a series of recommendations.
		The "golden age" of the railways had passed, and thanks to the motor car and lorry, the rail network had lost its position as the pre-eminent form of transport for passengers and freight.
		Other stations to be axed by the Beeching closure programme were those on the York to Scarborough line.
	www.thisisyork.co.uk /york/factfile/YORK_FACTFILE_HISTORYFEATURESOLD120.html (1044 words)

	spiked-life \| Article \| Steaming ahead (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		With the rail network in a parlous and overcrowded state and with a new round of cuts in the offing, it is apposite that 27 March is the fortieth anniversary of the infamous Beeching Report.
		And it is the Beeching Report of 1963 that has gone down in history as the signal moment when the railways went into decline.
		Today, rail union leader Mick Rix, the scourge of New Labour, foreseeing a second round of Beeching cuts, has called for Crown intervention, saying that while 'Queen Victoria never got her hands on (the railway and rolling stock), perhaps it is time her great-great-granddaughter did'.
	www.spiked-online.com /printable/00000006dd0e.htm (874 words)

	Re: Dr Beeching (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		However, post Beeching (1971) a far condensed report gives a traffic level 13458 million ton miles, a decrease of over 10% on the figure for the previous year.
		OTOH it is easy to see from the 1960 report the problems in the coal and steel industries resulted in the poor performance of the railways.
		Branch lines were closing before Beeching was in charge, but up to Beeching the outlook was good.
	www.railpage.org.au /ausrail/99jan/msg00825.html (2181 words)

	Society \| Back on track
		It was almost 40 years ago, in 1963, that Dr Richard Beeching took his fabled axe to the withered limbs of Britain's ailing rural rail network.
		Salveson is author of a recent report called Beeching in Reverse, which puts the case for more line and station reopenings.
		Still, it was the rapid growth of car usage, and subsequent decline in train passengers, that influenced Beeching's thinking all those years ago.
	society.guardian.co.uk /print/0,3858,4447879-105909,00.html (1320 words)

	SundayMirror.co.uk - News - BEECHING II (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		It would be the biggest cut in rail services since the programme drawn up by Dr Richard Beeching's 1963 report called the Re-Shaping of British Railways, which called for the closure of 2,000 stations and 5,000 miles of track.
		Some lines were reprieved but by 1969 the total length of the rail network had been cut by more than 4,500 miles.
		Richard Hope, consultant editor of the Railway Gazette, said: "It is tragic if these lines have to be cut back because the structure and over-regulation that the railways are suffering from is driving up costs enormously.
	www.sundaymirror.co.uk /news/page.cfm?objectid=13044392&method=full (635 words)

	H2G2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Richard Beeching (1913-85) was the government appointed Chairman of the British Railways Board 1963-5.
		He authored the Beeching Plan, which aimed to make the railway network more cost effective by closing down many of the smaller railway lines.
		The Beeching closures are still lamented today, as the growth of commuting and the rise of environmental awareness leads people to appreciate the potential of railways more than ever.
	www.bbc.co.uk /dna/h2g2/pda/A970760 (178 words)

	A Century of Change
		Dr Richard Beeching is appointed to head a four man team to study Britain's rail network.
		Dr Richard Beeching is appointed head of British Railways.
		Richard Burton dies after at stroke at the age of 58.
	www.mcac.co.uk /centenary/centuryofchange2.htm (7108 words)

	Mentally ill will be allowed to sit as MPs - Stormfront White Nationalist Community (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Dr Beeching believed that the railway system should be run like a business not a public service, and that if parts of the railway system which didn't pay their way—like some rural branch lines—were closed then the remaining core of the system could be restored to profitability.
		He made a study of traffic on all the railway lines in the country and concluded that 80% of the traffic was carried on just 20% of the network, with much of the rest of the system carrying very little traffic indeed and operating at a loss.
		At the time the report was called the "Beeching Bombshell" or the "Beeching Axe" by the press and was hugely controversial, sparking an outcry from communities that would lose their rail services.
	www.stormfront.org /forum/showthread.php?t=153781 (1022 words)

	Christian Wolmar :: Daily Express, May 11 2004
		This, of course, happened in the 1960s and 1970s in the Beeching plan named after the then chairman of British Rail Richard Beeching.
		While some of what Beeching did was sensible since people had deserted the railways for their newly-acquired cars and the network was almost as big as in Victorians times, he did not manage to make the railways profitable.
		Moreover, Beeching went much too far, closing lines which provided vital connections or which were very useful as alternative routes when work had to be carried out on the main line.
	www.christianwolmar.co.uk /articles/express/may4,04.shtml (954 words)

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