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	Richmond, Yorkshire, England - LoveToKnow 1911
		Close to the town are ruins of Easby Abbey, a Premonstratensian foundation by Roald, constable of Richmond Castle in 1152, beautifully situated by the river.
		In 1889 Richmond became the seat of a suffragan bishop in the diocese of Ripon.
		William the Lion of Scotland was imprisoned in the castle in the reign of Henry II., but otherwise the town owes its importance chiefly to its lords.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Richmond%2C_Yorkshire%2C_England (928 words)

	Richmond Castle (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The earliest parts of the castle were built by Alan de Ponthievre (Alan the Red), shortly after he fought with William at Hastings in 1066.
		Richmond is unique amongst English castles in having both an eleventh century fortified residence, Scolland's Hall, and a twelfth century tower keep, which now dominates the surrounding countryside.
		In 1855, Richmond, like other castles such as Pendennis, was re-used as a military barracks, with new gothic style buildings constructed in the cleared Great Court, a parade ground established and a detention block built just inside the castle entrance.
	www.ukheritage.net /castles/richmond.htm (474 words)

	Richmond Palace (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Richmond Palace was built on the site of the old royal residence of Sheen (named from the Old English word for a 'beauty spot') in Surrey along the banks of the Thames.
		The name of "Richmond" was given to the Palace from the earldom that Henry held when he won at Bosworth Field.
		Anne of Cleves lived at Richmond after her divorce and both Henry VII and his granddaughter Elizabeth I died there.
	tudorhistory.org /castles/richmond (233 words)

	Richmond Castle - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Richmond Castle in North Yorkshire, England, stands in a breathtaking position above the River Swale, close to the centre of the town of Richmond.
		It was constructed in 1071 as part of the Norman Conquest of England and as a direct result of the slaughter of the Norman garrison at York in 1069 by English dissenters.
		The original castle had a French keep (Scolland's Hall) but this was superseded by a 100-foot-high keep constructed at the end of the 12th century by Conan the Little and completed by King Henry II.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Richmond_Castle (425 words)

	Online Guide to Richmond, North Yorkshire - Richmond Castle
		Richmond Castle became the headquarters of the Honour of Richmond, a vast assembly of estates in Yorkshire and beyond.
		Richmond grew up under the protection of the castle, but the civilian inhabitants lived outside the present market place, which was then the outer bailey of the castle.
		The Keep was a 12th century addition to the castle and was built over the original gate-house (the archway at the base of the Keep is of the 11th century and is, possibly, the only remaining part of the original structure).
	www.richmond.org.uk /guide/castle/castle.html (617 words)

	Richmond, North Yorkshire - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Richmond Castle situated in the town centre overlooking the River Swale is a major tourist attraction.
		This Richmond was the eponymous fief of the Earls of Richmond (or comtes de Richemont), a dignity normally also held by the Duke of Brittany from 1136 to 1399.
		Richmond was held perpetually by those with Lancastrian titles, until the 17th century when the Duke of Richmond was from the Lennox line in the Royal House of Stuart, also whose titles were linked intrinsically with the Auld Alliance.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Richmond,_North_Yorkshire (565 words)

	Richmond Castle
		Begun by Alan the Red in 1071, the castle was the center of the great estate known as the Earldom of Richmond.
		The castle was originally built in stone, which was unusual because few castles were constructed of stone before the Twelfth Century.
		Richmond's triangular hilltop was originally walled on two sides, the cliff above the river was considered more than adequate protection on the third.
	www.richard111.com /richmond_castle.htm (373 words)

	BBC - h2g2 - Yorkshire's Castles: Richmond Castle
		Richmond Castle is a uniquely-shaped triangular castle north of a steep cliff above the river Swale.
		The history of Richmond Castle is linked with that of the Honour of Richmond, a vast estate of land that stretched across eight counties and even included the Duchy of Brittany in France.
		Richmond was then returned to the Duke of Brittany, and remained so until 1384 when the Honour of Richmond was granted by Richard II to his wife Anne of Bohemia, who died in 1394.
	www.bbc.co.uk /dna/h2g2/A2350126 (2580 words)

	Richmond, United Kingdom
		Richmond is a very picturesque little town, described by the British Council as "typically English".
		The historic focal point of the old town was the Norman castle, whose spectacular ruins perch on a rock, dominating the banks of the River Swale.
		Richmond is surrounded by the Pennines and the Yorkshire Dales and is an excellent base for nature-lovers and walkers who wish to explore the great open spaces in the vicinity.
	www.planetware.com /united-kingdom/richmond-gb-ny-ri.htm (173 words)

	Richmond Castle in North Yorkshire: tourist information from TourUK
		The castle is protected on one side by steep cliffs and on the other two by thick walls.
		The castle reverted to the Duke of Brittany for another 25 years until it finally passed to Henry VI's half brother Edmond Tudor.
		Being isolated the castle took no part in the War of the Roses or the Civil War and in the mid-16th century it was left to decay.
	www.touruk.co.uk /castles/castle_Richmond.htm (342 words)

	Richmond (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Richmond, the capital of Swaledale, lies on the river Swale.
		It was built of stone rather than earth and wood and it was the first Norman Castle in England to have projecting mural towers to improve the defences of the walls and eastern gateways.
		Richmond Castle is one of the few Norman castles that never suffered a serious siege and remains today in a better state of preservation than do most other castles from those times.
	www.shoulderofmutton.net /richmond.html (533 words)

	Rochester Castle (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The part the castle at Rochester played during this siege is not certain, as the whole of the city was held by Odo and the rebels.
		His castle at Rochester, like Richmond castle in Yorkshire, was one of the earliest stone castles built in England and the eventual cost of building came to about £60, slightly more than originally thought, but still good value considering what the land was worth to them each year.
		The custody of the castle remained with the Archbishop of Canterbury throughout much of the twelfth century and evidence exists of both Thomas Becket and Hubert Walter, as incoming archbishops, successfully gaining control as was their right.
	www.castles-abbeys.co.uk /Rochester-Castle.html (4598 words)

	Richmond Castle
		It was the first Norman Castle in England to have projecting mural towers to improve the defences of the walls and eastern gateways.
		The Castle adhered to a common pattern in maintaining a large open space or outer bailey beyond the defensive walls, essentially so that any attackers would be clearly visible and would have no protective cover.
		The "Castle-guard" was owed by all the principal tenants of the Richmond Honour.
	dspace.dial.pipex.com /town/parade/hq69/Pages/hist_cas.html (473 words)

	RICHMOND
		Richmond Castle stands high above the Swale in the North Riding.
		This was constructed in 1771 in place of the original market cross which had been a meeting place for townsfolk for centuries and in the shadow of which bargains were struck and enforced by the developing Common Law of England.
		There are many Richmonds in the Anglo-Saxon world like Richmond the state capital of Virginia and Richmond in Melbourne, Victoria.
	www.dalesview.fsnet.co.uk /richmond (589 words)

	Richmond and Swaledale History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Richmond, the capital of Swaledale was originally called Hindrelac, an Anglo-Viking name which is thought to describe a woodland clearing frequented by a hind or female deer.
		The territory surounding Richmond became Alan the Red's land and was known as Richmond Shire, a Shire comprised of the former Viking wappentake districts of Gilling and Hang.
		Catterick, to the south of Richmond was a place of importance in Roman times and is now famous as the home of Catterick Garrison, a nearby army base.
	www.thenortheast.fsnet.co.uk /Richmond.htm (1475 words)

	Castle UK - Loudspeaker Manufacturers - Classic Range - Richmond 3i
		Thanks to our policy of continuous product development, Castle's team of sound engineers spend most of their working lives surrounded by relatives; faster, louder, heavier, cleaner, stronger, and so on, any and all of which can be key parameters in producing improved performance from our acclaimed range of loudspeakers.
		The Richmond 3i is a Castle product in ways few of the competition can claim, not only do Castle build all their own cabinets, in a choice of eight alternative natural wood veneers, but the two drive units are also of their design and manufacture.
		Each Richmond 3i cabinet is built using 15mm MDF board using balanced veneers and then damped using heavy bitumous pads, as we want your cabinet to look good but not contribute to the sound as so many cheaper cabinets tend to do.
	www.castle.uk.com /pages/classic_richmond.htm (547 words)

	GENUKI: Richmond
		"RICHMOND, a parish in the wapentake of Gilling West, and liberty of Richmondshire; 8 miles from Leyburn; 10 from Reeth; and 16 from Northallerton.
		Richmond Castle, from the south bank of the river Swale.
		Richmond town and Castle, from the south from the same position.
	www.genuki.org.uk:8080 /big/eng/YKS/NRY/Richmond/index.html (683 words)

	Richmond Castle History
		Richmond Castle, founded in 1071, is a gray stone fortress standing proudly atop a rocky spur overlooking the turbulent River Swale.
		The castle's primary purpose was, apparently, to defend Alan Rufus and his followers against attacks by the dispossessed English of the area who didn't look too kindly upon their Norman conquerors.
		Although little remains of the original sections of Richmond Castle, some masonry dating back to the late 1000's can be seen along the Eastern Wall, its occasional "herringbone" courses are conspicuous.
	www.richmondancestry.org /richmond_castle.shtml (526 words)

	Fall of Richmond
		Richmond was evacuated on the 2nd of April, 1865.
		Richmond Occupied: Entry of the United States Forces into Richmond, Va. April 3, 1865 - Calling Together of the Virginia Legislature and Revocation of the Same.
		Describes Lincoln's visit to Richmond, details of the evacuation fire, the reopening of the Richmond Theater, and response to Lee's surrender in Richmond.
	www.mdgorman.com /Events/fall_of_richmond.htm (994 words)

	LondonTown.com \| Castle Yard Guide \| Castle Yard London, TW9, England, UK \| London Streets by Street
		The nearest underground station to Castle Yard is 'Richmond Tube' which is about 10 minutes to the North East.
		Richmond Tube, The Quadrant, (10 mins to the North East)
		Richmond Railway Station, The Quadrant, (10 mins to the North East)
	www.londontown.com /LondonStreets/castle_yard_5d7.html (436 words)

	TimeRef - History Timelines - Richmond Castle
		Richmond Castle was begun in around 1071 when William the Conqueror held Christmas in north Yorkshire where he granted large amounts of land to Alan (Alain) Rufus from Brittany who was one of William's trusted lieutenants.
		It appears that the castle he built was of stone which was unusual for the time when castles were built of earth banks and wooden stockades.
		The construction of Richmond Castle began around this time by Alan Rufus, the cousin of the Duke of Brittany.
	www.btinternet.com /~timeref/hpl2020.htm (302 words)

	Was Richmond Castle a typical mediaval castle? - Castle Quest
		This meant that castle builders had to try out different things to try to stay ahead of their potential attackers.
		The function of castles and the roles of their occupants also changed; again, affecting the design and distribution of castles.
		With this sort of question what the examiner is looking for is not a yes no answer but that you understand the subject so consider what a castle is, it has many functions, consider how Richmond shows these functions and then compair and contrast Richmond with other castles.
	www.castlesontheweb.com /quest/Forum9/HTML/000128.html (378 words)

	RICHMOND'S CASTLE THUNDER (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		A converted tobacco warehouse, Castle Thunder was widely regarded as an especially rigorous lockup.
		Alexander thought the most difficult prisoners were the "pug-uglies of Baltimore and the wharf-rats of New Orleans." But not just the commandant thought Castle Thunder residents to especially tough, the prisoners themselves reveled in their fearsome reputation.
		After Richmond fell in 1865, Union troops continued to use Castle Thunder to house Confederates accused of war crimes.
	members.tripod.com /~beag27/castlethund.html (163 words)

	I178 - Online Information article about I178
		Niger, 1st earl of Richmond, in the 12th century, but the site was occupied by the Romans.
		Castle, which is supposed to have been built shortly after the Conquest by Robert de Bruce or Brus, are of various dates.
		The castle was dismantled after the civil wars.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /HOR_I25/I178.html (4019 words)

	GENUKI: A Guide to Richmond in 1833, Yorkshire: Part 1.
		The first object which attracts the admiring gaze of the stranger on approaching Richmond, is its noble Castle; once the abode of a princely and powerful race, allied both by blood and subsequent marriages to the royal family of England.
		To the east of the main wall of the castle, is an inclosed space, called the Cockpit, which was also surrounded with a strong wall, and included, on the north side, within the castle moat.
		It is now the property of His Grace the Duke of Richmond, who derives his title from it, and in fact it is the only portion of the extensive domains granted to the first Earls of Richmond, which remains annexed to the title.
	www.genuki.org.uk /big/eng/YKS/Misc/Books/RichmondGuide/RichmondGuide2.html (1403 words)

	Castle Richmond by Anthony Trollope : Arthur's Classic Novels
		Castle Richmond was at this period the abode of Sir Thomas Fitzgerald, who resided there, ever and always, with his wife, Lady Fitzgerald, his two daughters, Mary and Emmeline Fitzgerald, and, as often as purposes of education and pleasure suited, with his son Herbert Fitzgerald.
		Here, at Castle Richmond, lived Sir Thomas with his wife and daughters, and here, taking the period of our story as being exactly thirteen years since, his son Herbert was staying also in those hard winter months, his Oxford degree having been taken, and his English pursuits admitting of a temporary sojourn in Ireland.
		Now there was living in the house of Castle Richmond one Miss Letty Fitzgerald, a maiden sister of the baronet's, older than her brother by full ten years.
	arthursclassicnovels.com /arthurs/trollope/cslrc10.html (21629 words)

	Sir William Blake Richmond - LoveToKnow 1911 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		SIR WILLIAM BLAKE RICHMOND (1842-),), English painter and decorator, was born in London on the 29th of November 1842.
		His father, George Richmond, R.A. (1809-1896), himself the son of a successful miniature painter, was a distinguished artist, who painted the portraits of the most eminent people of his day, and played an important part in society.
		Apart from his pictures, he is notable for his work in decorative art, his most conspicuous achievement being the internal decoration and the glass mosaics of St Paul's Cathedral.
	www.1911ency.org /R/RI/RICHMOND_SIR_WILLIAM_BLAKE.htm (311 words)

	Richmond Castle
		Richmond Castle is in North Yorkshire - wonderful countryside full of waterfalls and beautiful scenery.
		The upper floor was a feasting hall, also used for the dispensing of justice and for the administration of the Earl's lands and estates.
		The keep was a later addition to the castle in the 12th Century and stands over 100ft high.
	www.bispham2.freeserve.co.uk /castles/richmond.htm (327 words)

	Richmond Castle (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		ichmond Castle occupies a dominant position on the north side of the River Swale, in a part of Yorkshire granted by William I to Alan 'The Red', son of a Breton count.
		Of about this date also is Scolland's Hall, one of the earliest examples in England of a hall in which the main reception room on the first floor was reached by an external staircase.
		In the years 1146 - 1171 Richmond Castle was held by Earl Conan, 'the little', Duke of Brittany.
	www.mondes-normands.caen.fr /angleterre/Patrimoine_architectural/Angleterre/Castles/richmond/richmnd1.htm (219 words)

	Castles of the Yorkshire Dales · [ Richmond Castle ] · written by Glyn Harris for Daelnet's The Yorkshire ...
		Castles of the Yorkshire Dales · [ Richmond Castle ] · written by Glyn Harris for Daelnet's The Yorkshire Dales
		Alan the Red was one of these men and he was given the Borough of Richmond as a reward for his good service to William I. He started to build Richmond Castle, in stone, around 1071, choosing a natural defensive position 100 ft above the River Swale.
		The 100 ft high keep was started by Conan the Little, Earl of Richmond in the third quarter of the 12th century and was finished by Henry II (1154 -1189).
	www.dales-castles.org.uk /richmond.htm (337 words)

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